harm
gb/hˈɑɹm/ us/hˈɑɹm/
B1
英語
~ 6200
kár, ártalom, árt, károsít, rossz szándék, rosszindulat
名詞
B1
1
用法パターン：
to cause [harm] to [someone/something]
The new law aims to reduce harm to the environment.
Az új törvény célja, hogy csökkentse a környezetet érő károkat.
Smoking can cause serious harm to your lungs.
A dohányzás súlyos károkat okozhat a tüdődben.
The chemical was banned because it may cause harm to children.
We must protect older people from harm during heat waves.
This medicine should ease the pain without doing any harm.
学習者向け例文
The sun can do harm to your skin.
A nap árthat a bőrödnek.
Too much sugar can cause harm to your teeth.
A túl sok cukor árthat a fogaidnak.
The teacher wants to keep the students from harm.
This dog is friendly and will not do you any harm.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes say *"a harm"* as a countable noun (e.g., *"It did a big harm"*). In most cases, "harm" is uncountable: say "It did a lot of harm" or "It caused serious harm." Learners may also confuse "harm" with "hurt"; "hurt" is usually a verb or adjective, while "harm" is more formal as a noun for general damage.
意味
Physical or other damage or injury
コロケーション
cause harm
|do harm
|serious harm
|physical harm
|emotional harm
|risk of harm
類義語
damage (A very close general synonym; often used for things and property, while "harm" is frequent for people, health, and the environment.)
対義語
benefit (Refers to something that makes a person or situation better, the opposite of causing harm.)
テーマ
health
|safety
|law
|daily life
|body
|core_vocabulary
定義
Damage or injury that hurts a person, animal, thing, or situation.
Physical, emotional, or other damage or injury that makes someone or something worse, weaker, or less safe.
動詞
B1
2
用法パターン：
to harm [someone/something]
Loud music can harm your hearing over time.
A hangos zene idővel árthat a hallásodnak.
The chemical leak has harmed local wildlife.
A vegyi anyag szivárgása károsította a helyi élővilágot.
They promised that the vaccine would not harm healthy adults.
Online scams can seriously harm a company’s reputation.
Second-hand smoke can harm children even if they do not smoke themselves.
学習者向け例文
Smoking can harm your body.
A dohányzás árthat a szervezetednek.
The loud noise may harm your ears.
A hangos zaj árthat a füleidnek.
We must not harm animals for fun.
Using this tool the wrong way can harm you.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes use "harm" where native speakers prefer "hurt" for short, direct physical pain (e.g., *"I harmed my finger"*). In everyday speech, people usually say "I hurt my finger." "Harm" is more formal and common in general statements ("This can harm your health").
意味
To damage or injure someone or something
コロケーション
harm someone
|harm your health
|harm the environment
|harm wildlife
|harm your reputation
|seriously harm
類義語
injure (Often used for physical damage to people; "harm" is slightly more formal and also covers non-physical damage, like to health or reputation.)
対義語
protect (Means to keep someone or something safe from harm or damage.)
テーマ
health
|safety
|environment
|law
|body
|core_vocabulary
定義
To hurt or damage a person, animal, thing, or situation.
To cause physical, emotional, or other damage that makes someone or something worse, weaker, or less safe.
名詞
B2
3
rosszindulat
B2
用法パターン：
to mean [no/not any] harm
I know you were joking; I’m sure you meant no harm.
Tudom, hogy csak vicceltél; biztos vagyok benne, hogy nem akartál rosszat.
He insists that he had no harm in mind when he sent the message.
Azt állítja, hogy nem volt benne rossz szándék, amikor elküldte az üzenetet.
She spoke sharply, but there was no real harm behind her words.
They spread the story with clear harm in their hearts.
学習者向け例文
He was angry, but he meant no harm.
Mérges volt, de nem akart rosszat.
Her words sounded rude, but there was no harm in them.
A szavai udvariatlannak hangzottak, de nem volt bennük rossz szándék.
They did it with harm in their minds, not to help him.
よくある間違い：
Learners often confuse this "intention" sense with the more common "damage" sense. In phrases like "mean no harm" or "no harm in asking," "harm" refers to bad intention or wrong, not to physical injury.
意味
Intention or desire to hurt someone
コロケーション
mean no harm
|without harm
|intended harm
|no real harm
|harm in doing something
類義語
malice (A stronger, more formal word that suggests a cold or cruel wish to hurt others; "harm" in this sense can be softer and more general.)
対義語
goodwill (Means a kind and friendly attitude or intention, the opposite of wishing to cause harm.)
テーマ
emotions
|ethics
|daily life
|relationships
|core_vocabulary
定義
A wish or plan to hurt or damage someone.
The intention or desire to cause damage, injury, or trouble to someone.
文法
辞書形
harm
IPA
GB/hˈɑɹm/
US/hˈɑɹm/
音節・強勢
harm （1音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (harm)
活用形
Noun
- Base: harm
- Plural: harm
Verb
- Base: harm
- 3rd Person Singular: harms
- Present Participle: harming
- Past: harmed
関連語
表現
come to harm
1/kˈʌm tə hˈɑɹm/
fixed phrase
Be hurt or damaged
To be hurt, damaged, or put in danger.
例文
- We’ll make sure the children do not come to harm on the trip.
- Nothing will come to harm as long as you follow the safety rules.
mean no harm
1/mˈin nˈoʊ hˈɑɹm/
fixed phrase
Not intend to cause hurt
To not want or plan to hurt or damage anyone.
例文
- I’m sorry if I upset you; I really meant no harm.
- He may speak loudly, but he means no harm.
no harm done
1/nˈoʊ hˈɑɹm dˈʌn/
idiom
informal
No real damage or problem happened
Said when a mistake or problem did not really damage anything or anyone.
例文
- You spilled some water, but it’s fine—no harm done.
- I was late with the report, but no harm done; the meeting was delayed anyway.
out of harm's way
1/ˈaʊt əv hˈɑɹmz wˈeɪ/
idiom
In a place safe from danger
In a place where you are safe and not likely to be hurt or damaged.
例文
- Please keep the chemicals locked away and out of harm's way.
- The children were moved out of harm's way before the storm hit.
self-harm
1/sˈɛlf hˈɑɹm/
fixed phrase
Deliberately injuring yourself
The act of hurting your own body on purpose, often because of emotional distress.
例文
- The charity offers support to young people who struggle with self-harm.
- Doctors are trained to look for signs of self-harm in teenagers.
there's no harm in doing something
1/ðˈɛɹz nˈoʊ hˈɑɹm ˈɪn dˈuɪŋ sˈʌmθɪŋ/
fixed phrase
Doing it is not bad or dangerous
Used to say that it is okay to do something because it is not dangerous, bad, or wrong.
例文
- There's no harm in asking for a discount.
- There's no harm in trying again, even if you failed once.
bodily harm
1/bˈɑdəli hˈɑɹm/
fixed phrase
physical injury to a body
Physical injury to someone's body.
例文
- The attacker was charged with causing bodily harm.
- The accident resulted in serious bodily harm to several passengers.
bodily harm
2/bˈɑdəli hˈɑɹm/
fixed phrase
technical
Physical injury to the body
Physical injury to a person’s body, often used in legal or medical language.
例文
- The charge was reduced because no serious bodily harm was caused.
- Cyclists must wear helmets to reduce the risk of bodily harm.
do more harm than good
1/dˈu mˈɔɹ hˈɑɹm ðən ɡˈʊd/
idiom
Cause more damage than benefit
To have a bad result that is bigger than the good result of an action.
例文
- If you try to fix it without training, you might do more harm than good.
- If you clean your ears with sharp objects, you may do more harm than good.
- Some medicines can do more harm than good if taken wrongly.
- Criticizing him now would do more harm than good.
- Some people think that strict dieting can do more harm than good.