nil
gb/nˈɪl/ us/nˈɪl/
B1
英語
~ 9400
null, nulla, semmi, null érték
名詞
B1
1
null
A2
用法パターン：
[team] win [number]-nil
The match ended two-nil to Arsenal after a strong second half.
Az Arsenal egy erős második félidő után kettő-nullra nyerte meg a mérkőzést.
At half-time it was still nil-nil, despite several good chances for both sides.
A félidőben még mindig null-null volt az állás, pedig mindkét oldalon több jó helyzet is adódott.
They lost three-nil in the final and were never really in the game.
England went in one-nil up at the break thanks to a late goal.
The home team was beaten four-nil in front of their own fans.
学習者向け例文
The game finished one-nil to our team.
A csapatunk egy-nullra nyerte meg a meccset.
It was nil-nil at half-time.
A félidőben null-null volt az állás.
We lost two-nil in the football match.
They won three-nil in the cup final.
The score was still nil-nil after 70 minutes.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes say *“zero-zero match”* instead of the more natural British form *“nil-nil”* for a 0–0 score. In American English, however, *“zero-zero”* or simply *“nothing-nothing”* can be used, and *“nil”* is less common.
意味
a score of zero in sports
コロケーション
win two-nil
|lose three-nil
|nil-nil draw
|finish one-nil
|beat [team] four-nil
|go in one-nil up
類義語
zero (General word for the number 0; used in all contexts, not just sports.)
対義語
one (Represents a positive score where the team or player has at least one point or goal.)
テーマ
sports
|numbers
定義
A score of zero in a game, especially in British English.
A score of zero in a game or sporting event, especially in British English.
B2
2
用法パターン：
the [chances/impact/experience] are nil
With no marketing budget, their chances of reaching a global audience were almost nil.
Marketingköltségvetés nélkül szinte semmi esélyük nem volt arra, hogy globális közönséget érjenek el.
Her prior experience in the field was nil, but she learned very quickly on the job.
A területen szerzett korábbi tapasztalata nulla volt, de a munka során nagyon gyorsan tanult.
The risk to the local water supply is practically nil, according to the report.
In that weather, the likelihood of the flight leaving on time was simply nil.
Without proper training, the team’s chances of winning are close to nil.
学習者向け例文
My chances of getting that job are almost nil.
Szinte semmi esélyem sincs arra, hogy megkapjam azt az állást.
Before this course, my knowledge of coding was nil.
A tanfolyam előtt nulla programozási ismeretem volt.
The doctor said the risk is nearly nil.
Without a ticket, your chance to enter is nil.
Their hope of success is close to nil.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes use *“nil”* before a noun like an ordinary adjective in very informal speech (e.g., *“I have a nil chance”*). It is more natural to say *“my chances are nil”* or *“I have no chance”*.
意味
having no amount or chance
コロケーション
chances are nil
|almost nil
|practically nil
|with nil experience
|risk is nil
|impact is virtually nil
類義語
nonexistent (Stronger and a bit more formal; clearly says something does not exist at all.)
対義語
considerable (Suggests a large or important amount, the opposite of having no amount.)
テーマ
evaluation
|probability
|core_vocabulary
定義
Having nothing or no chance at all.
Having no amount, value, or possibility; effectively none.
名詞
B2
FORMAL
3
nulla
A1
用法パターン：
reduce [something] to nil
After years of cuts, public funding for the project was finally reduced to nil.
Évekig tartó megszorítások után a projekt állami támogatását végül nullára csökkentették.
In the first quarter, our sales went from nil to a modest but encouraging figure.
Az első negyedévben az eladásaink nulláról egy szerény, de biztató szintre emelkedtek.
The report shows that the company’s net profit is effectively nil this year.
Without regular exercise, the benefits of the treatment are close to nil.
By installing better insulation, they brought heating losses almost to nil.
学習者向け例文
Their profit last year was almost nil.
A tavalyi nyereségük szinte nulla volt.
At the start, we had nil experience and no customers.
Kezdetben nulla tapasztalatunk és egyetlen ügyfelünk sem volt.
Government support for the plan has been reduced to nil.
The chances of delay are close to nil.
After the refund, the final cost was nil.
よくある間違い：
Learners may overuse *“nil”* in everyday speech where *“zero”* or *“nothing”* is more natural (e.g., saying *“I have nil friends here”* instead of *“I have no friends here”*). *“Nil”* in this sense is more common in formal writing or set phrases.
意味
an amount equal to nothing
コロケーション
reduced to nil
|virtually nil
|from nil to [amount]
|close to nil
|brought down to nil
|value is nil
類義語
nothing (More common in everyday speech; broader, not limited to amounts or results.)
対義語
something (Indicates a positive amount or result, the opposite of none.)
テーマ
numbers
|business
|core_vocabulary
定義
An amount or result that is nothing; zero.
An amount, result, or value that is equal to nothing; zero.
C1
TECHNICAL
4
null
B2
null érték
B2
用法パターン：
set [variable] to nil
If the function returns nil, it means no matching user was found.
Ha a függvény null értéket ad vissza, az azt jelenti, hogy nem talált megfelelő felhasználót.
You should always check whether the pointer is nil before dereferencing it.
Mindig ellenőrizd, hogy a mutató null-e, mielőtt dereferálnád.
In this language, uninitialized variables are set to nil by default.
Passing nil as an argument tells the method to use the default configuration.
The program crashed because a method was called on a nil object reference.
学習者向け例文
The method returns nil when the list is empty.
A metódus null értéket ad vissza, ha a lista üres.
Always test if the value is nil before you use it.
Mindig ellenőrizd, hogy az érték null-e, mielőtt használod.
This variable is nil, so it has no data.
The error happens when you call a method on nil.
In this code, new objects start as nil.
よくある間違い：
Learners may confuse *“nil”* with *“zero”* in programming. *“Nil”* (or *“null”*) usually means *no value at all*, which is different from the number 0.
意味
no-value marker in computing
コロケーション
set to nil
|returns nil
|is nil
|check for nil
|nil pointer
|nil value
類義語
null (A very close technical synonym used in many languages; exact spelling depends on the language.)
対義語
non-nil (Technical opposite used in some communities to mean that a variable does hold a valid value.)
テーマ
computing
|programming
|technology
定義
In some computer languages, a special value that means a variable has no data or object.
In some programming languages, a special value used to indicate that a variable does not currently refer to any object or contain any useful data.
文法
辞書形
nil
IPA
GB/nˈɪl/
US/nˈɪl/
音節・強勢
nil （1音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (nil)
活用形
Noun
- Base: nil
- Plural: nil
関連語
表現
nil by mouth
1/nˈɪl bˈaɪ mˈaʊθ/
fixed phrase
technical
no food or drink by mouth
A medical instruction that a patient must not eat or drink anything by mouth for a period of time.
例文
- The chart says the patient is nil by mouth after midnight before the operation.
- Because of the surgery, she had to remain nil by mouth for six hours.
- Children who are nil by mouth must be given fluids through a drip instead.
nil return
1/nˈɪl ɹɪtˈɚn/
fixed phrase
formal
official report showing no activity
A tax or official form that shows there is no income, profit, or other activity to report.
例文
- Because the company did not trade this year, they filed a nil return.
- You still have to submit a nil return even if you had no taxable income.
- Failure to send in a nil return on time may lead to a penalty.
nil-nil
1/nˈɪl nˈɪl/
fixed phrase
a 0–0 score in sports
Used to say the score of a game is 0–0, especially in British English.
例文
- The match was still nil-nil at full time, so it went to penalties.
- It was a dull, defensive game that finished nil-nil.
- At half-time the score remained nil-nil despite several good chances.