pandemic
gb/pændˈɛmɪk/ us/pændˈɛmɪk/
B2
英語
~ 9800
világjárvány, pandémia, pandémiás, világjárvánnyal kapcsolatos, csapás, járvány
名詞
B2
1
világjárvány
B2
pandémia
C1
用法パターン：
a pandemic of [infectious disease]
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted travel, work, and school systems around the world.
A COVID-19 világjárvány világszerte megzavarta az utazást, a munkát és az iskolák működését.
Scientists are studying how to prevent the next influenza pandemic.
A tudósok azt vizsgálják, hogyan lehet megelőzni a következő influenzapandémiát.
The World Health Organization declared the outbreak a pandemic after it spread to several continents.
Many small businesses did not survive the economic shock of the pandemic.
During the pandemic, many countries introduced strict public health measures.
学習者向け例文
The pandemic affected people in many countries.
A világjárvány sok országban érintette az embereket.
Schools closed for months during the pandemic.
Az iskolák hónapokra bezártak a világjárvány idején.
The government gave money to workers who lost jobs in the pandemic.
Doctors worked very hard to treat patients in the pandemic.
Travel was difficult because of the pandemic.
よくある間違い：
Learners often confuse 'pandemic' with 'epidemic'. An 'epidemic' is usually limited to one country or region, while a 'pandemic' affects many countries or continents. Another mistake is treating it as uncountable; it is countable, so we say 'a pandemic', 'the pandemic', and 'several pandemics', not just 'pandemic' alone as a general mass noun.
意味
worldwide outbreak of disease
コロケーション
global pandemic
|COVID-19 pandemic
|flu pandemic
|pandemic response
|pandemic preparedness
|during the pandemic
類義語
global epidemic (Emphasizes that the epidemic is worldwide; slightly more technical-sounding than 'pandemic'.)
|
worldwide outbreak (More descriptive and less technical; often used in news rather than scientific writing.)
対義語
endemic (Describes a disease that is constantly present in a limited area or population, not suddenly spreading worldwide.)
|
localized outbreak (Stresses that the disease is limited to one small area rather than many countries.)
テーマ
health
|science
|society
|core_vocabulary
定義
A serious disease outbreak that spreads to many countries and affects a lot of people.
A large-scale outbreak of an infectious disease that spreads across multiple countries or continents and affects a very high number of people.
B2
2
用法パターン：
pandemic [disease / situation]
The country updated its pandemic response plan after recent outbreaks.
Az ország a közelmúltbeli járványkitörések után frissítette pandémiás intézkedési tervét.
Researchers are working on vaccines to protect against future pandemic influenza strains.
A kutatók olyan vakcinákon dolgoznak, amelyek védelmet nyújthatnak a jövőbeli pandémiás influenzatörzsek ellen.
Stronger pandemic preparedness is now a priority for many governments.
学習者向け例文
They created a new team to improve pandemic plans.
Új csapatot hoztak létre a világjárványokra vonatkozó tervek javítására.
The report looks at pandemic risks in the next ten years.
A jelentés a következő tíz év világjárvány-kockázatait vizsgálja.
We learned many lessons from the recent pandemic crisis.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes use the adjective form as if it were a noun, for example, saying *'during pandemic'* instead of 'during the pandemic' (noun) or 'during pandemic times'. They may also say *'a pandemic disease'* when 'pandemic' already implies disease; more natural is 'pandemic flu', 'pandemic virus', or simply 'the pandemic'.
意味
relating to a global disease
コロケーション
pandemic flu
|pandemic virus
|pandemic response
|pandemic plan
|pandemic risk
|pandemic threat
類義語
global (General word for affecting the whole world; does not specifically imply disease or health unless context is clear.)
|
widespread (Means spread over a large area or among many people, but not specific to disease across multiple countries.)
対義語
localized (Describes something limited to a small area, the opposite of a pandemic scale spread.)
テーマ
health
|science
|policy
|core_vocabulary
定義
Describing a disease or situation that is part of a pandemic and spreads across many countries.
Relating to, caused by, or having the characteristics of a pandemic disease that spreads across many countries or continents.
名詞
C1
FORMAL
3
用法パターン：
a pandemic of [negative thing]
Commentators warn of a pandemic of misinformation spreading through social media.
A kommentátorok az álhírek közösségi médiában terjedő járványára figyelmeztetnek.
Some experts say we are facing a pandemic of loneliness in modern cities.
Egyes szakértők szerint a modern városokban a magány járványával állunk szemben.
The report describes a pandemic of anxiety among young people after years of uncertainty.
学習者向け例文
The writer talks about a pandemic of fear in society.
Az író a társadalomban terjedő félelem járványáról beszél.
Many people say there is a pandemic of loneliness today.
Sokan azt mondják, hogy ma a magány járványával állunk szemben.
Some leaders worry about a pandemic of hate online.
よくある間違い：
Learners may assume 'pandemic' can only be used for diseases and not recognize this figurative use in news or opinion pieces. In this sense, it is usually followed by 'of' plus a negative concept, as in 'a pandemic of fear', not by a disease name.
意味
very widespread serious problem
コロケーション
a pandemic of fear
|a pandemic of misinformation
|a pandemic of loneliness
|a pandemic of violence
類義語
epidemic (Often used figuratively in the same way, as in 'an epidemic of crime'; slightly more common than 'pandemic' in figurative speech.)
|
wave (More general and less dramatic; does not necessarily imply something as extreme as a disease.)
対義語
isolated issue (Stresses that the problem occurs in only a few cases or places, not on a massive scale.)
テーマ
society
|media
|emotions
|daily_life
|core_vocabulary
定義
A very big problem that affects many people in many places, compared to a disease spread.
A very widespread and serious social or cultural problem, described by comparison to a worldwide disease outbreak.
文法
辞書形
pandemic
IPA
GB/pændˈɛmɪk/
US/pændˈɛmɪk/
音節・強勢
pan - dem - ic （3音節）
Stress on 2nd syllable (dem)
活用形
Adjective
- Base: pandemic
Noun
- Base: pandemic
- Plural: pandemics
関連語
表現
during the pandemic
1/dˈʊɹɪŋ ðə pændˈɛmɪk/
fixed phrase
in the time of the pandemic
In the period when the pandemic was happening.
例文
- Many people started working from home during the pandemic.
- Online shopping grew very quickly during the pandemic.
global pandemic
1/ɡlˈoʊbəl pændˈɛmɪk/
fixed phrase
pandemic affecting much of world
A pandemic that affects many or almost all parts of the world.
例文
- Climate change could increase the risk of another global pandemic.
- The global pandemic forced governments to rethink their health systems.
pandemic fatigue
1/pændˈɛmɪk fətˈiɡ/
fixed phrase
exhaustion from long pandemic measures
Feeling very tired, bored, or stressed because the pandemic and its rules have gone on for a long time.
例文
- Health officials worried that pandemic fatigue would make people ignore safety rules.
- Pandemic fatigue led many to seek social contact despite the risks.
pandemic preparedness
1/pændˈɛmɪk pɹipˈɛɹɪdnəs/
fixed phrase
formal
preparation for future pandemics
How ready a country or organization is for a future pandemic, including plans, money, and equipment.
例文
- The report highlights serious gaps in pandemic preparedness.
- Investing in pandemic preparedness can save many lives later.
pandemic response
1/pændˈɛmɪk ɹɪspˈɑns/
fixed phrase
formal
actions to manage a pandemic
The things that governments, hospitals, and others do to control and manage a pandemic.
例文
- The country's pandemic response included strict border controls.
- Experts are reviewing what worked and what failed in the pandemic response.
post-pandemic world
1/pˈoʊst pændˈɛmɪk wˈɚld/
fixed phrase
world after a pandemic ends
The world and how life is after a pandemic is mostly over.
例文
- Companies are trying to understand what work will look like in a post-pandemic world.
- Travel habits changed in the post-pandemic world.
pre-pandemic levels
1/pɹˈi pændˈɛmɪk lˈɛvəlz/
fixed phrase
levels from before the pandemic
The numbers or situation as they were before the pandemic started.
例文
- Tourism has not yet returned to pre-pandemic levels.
- Unemployment is now lower than pre-pandemic levels.