penalty
gb/pˈɛnəlti/ us/pˈɛnəlti/
A2
英語
~ 2400
büntetés, bírság, szankció, hátrány, negatív következmény, ár, büntető
名詞
B1
1
用法パターン：
a penalty for [doing something]
The company faced a heavy penalty for violating environmental regulations.
A vállalat súlyos bírságot kapott a környezetvédelmi előírások megsértése miatt.
You will receive a penalty if you park in this area without a permit.
Bírságot kapsz, ha engedély nélkül parkolsz ezen a területen.
There’s a penalty for late payment of the bill.
The new law increases the penalty for drunk driving.
He paid the penalty for his careless actions.
学習者向け例文
She got a penalty for driving too fast.
Bírságot kapott, mert túl gyorsan hajtott.
There is a penalty if you pay late.
Késedelmi díjat számítanak fel, ha késve fizetsz.
He paid the penalty for breaking the rule.
The shop must pay a penalty for selling bad food.
We have to pay a penalty if we cancel the trip.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes confuse 'penalty' with 'fee'; a 'fee' is usually a regular payment for service, while a 'penalty' is a punishment cost.
意味
punishment for a rule violation
コロケーション
pay a penalty
|face a penalty
|heavy penalty
|severe penalty
|legal penalty
類義語
punishment (A general term for any consequence given for wrongdoing, not limited to formal rules.)
対義語
reward (Given as a positive outcome for good behavior, opposite to a penalty which is negative.)
テーマ
law
|sports
|daily life
|core_vocabulary
定義
A punishment you get when you break a rule or law.
A punishment imposed for breaking a law, rule, or agreement.
名詞
B2
2
用法パターン：
the penalty of [something]
One of the penalties of living in the city is the constant noise.
A városi élet egyik hátránya az állandó zaj.
The penalty of working long hours is less time with family.
A hosszú munkaidő ára, hogy kevesebb idő jut a családra.
Fame brings many advantages, but also some penalties.
The main penalty of his decision was losing his friends.
学習者向け例文
The penalty of eating too much is feeling sick.
A túl sok evés következménye az, hogy rosszul leszel.
A big city has the penalty of being noisy.
A nagyváros egyik hátránya, hogy zajos.
One penalty of his job is stress.
The penalty of not sleeping is feeling tired.
意味
disadvantage resulting from an action
コロケーション
the penalties of fame
|the penalties of aging
類義語
cost (Focuses on the price or sacrifice involved, not necessarily as punishment.)
対義語
benefit (A positive result or advantage, opposite to a penalty as a negative result.)
テーマ
daily life
|core_vocabulary
|daily_life
定義
A bad result or loss caused by something you do or that happens.
A disadvantage, loss, or negative effect that results from an action or situation.
名詞
A2
3
用法パターン：
receive a penalty
He was given a two-minute penalty for tripping another player.
Gáncsolásért kétperces büntetést kapott.
The referee awarded a penalty kick after the foul.
A szabálytalanság után a játékvezető büntetőrúgást ítélt.
A penalty shot was given when the defender held the attacker’s stick.
学習者向け例文
The player got a penalty for hitting another player.
A játékos büntetést kapott, mert megütött egy másik játékost.
He scored from the penalty kick.
Büntetőből szerzett gólt.
She got a two-minute penalty in the game.
意味
punishment for breaking sports rules
コロケーション
penalty kick
|penalty shot
|serve a penalty
類義語
foul (In sports, an illegal play; not always resulting in a formal penalty.)
対義語
advantage (In sports, an opportunity gained, opposite to losing one due to a penalty.)
テーマ
sports
|core_vocabulary
定義
A punishment in sports when someone breaks the rules.
An action taken in sports to punish a player or team for breaking the rules, often giving an advantage to the other side.
文法
辞書形
penalty
IPA
GB/pˈɛnəlti/
US/pˈɛnəlti/
音節・強勢
pen - alty （2音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (pen)
活用形
Noun
- Base: penalty
- Plural: penalties
関連語
表現
pay the penalty
1/pˈeɪ ðə pˈɛnəlti/
idiom
suffer consequences of wrongdoing
To suffer because of something bad you did.
例文
- He ignored the safety rules and paid the penalty when he got injured.
- If you cheat, you will pay the penalty sooner or later.
penalty kick
1/pˈɛnəlti kˈɪk/
fixed phrase
soccer free kick from penalty spot
In soccer, a free shot at goal from the penalty spot after a foul in the box.
例文
- The referee awarded a penalty kick after the defender fouled the striker.
- He scored from the penalty kick to win the game.
penalty shootout
1/pˈɛnəlti ʃˈutaʊt/
fixed phrase
soccer tiebreaker with penalties
In soccer, when each team takes turns shooting from the penalty spot to decide who wins after a tie.
例文
- The match ended in a 1-1 draw and went to a penalty shootout.
- They won the championship after a tense penalty shootout.