statute
gb/stˈæt͡ʃut/ us/stˈæt͡ʃut/
C1
英語
~ 6700
törvény, alapszabály, szabályzat
名詞
C1
FORMAL
1
törvény
B2
用法パターン：
a statute on/about [subject]
The new statute increases penalties for online fraud.
Az új törvény növeli az online csalásért kiszabható büntetéseket.
Employers are required by statute to provide a safe working environment.
A munkáltatókat törvény kötelezi arra, hogy biztonságos munkakörnyezetet biztosítsanak.
Under this statute, the government can freeze the assets of suspected terrorists.
The court ruled that the statute violated the country’s constitution.
Lawyers argued over how the statute should be interpreted in this case.
学習者向け例文
The parliament passed a new statute last year.
A parlament tavaly új törvényt fogadott el.
By statute, all cars must have seat belts.
A törvény szerint minden autóban kell lennie biztonsági övnek.
This statute protects workers from unfair pay.
The judge said the statute was clear and simple.
People protested against the new tax statute.
よくある間違い：
Learners often confuse 'statute' with 'statue'. A 'statute' is a written law, while a 'statue' is a stone or metal figure, usually of a person or animal. Another mistake is to use 'statute' for any kind of rule; for everyday rules at home, school, or games, 'rule' is usually more natural.
意味
a law passed by a legislature
コロケーション
federal statute
|state statute
|criminal statute
|civil statute
|under the statute
|the statute book
類義語
law (A very general word for rules made by the state; 'statute' is more formal and refers specifically to written laws passed by a legislature.)
対義語
common law (Refers to law developed through court decisions and custom rather than through written statutes.)
テーマ
law
|government
|politics
定義
A written law that is officially made and approved by a government or parliament.
A formal written law enacted by a legislature or other authorized governing body, as part of a country’s or state’s legal system.
名詞
C1
FORMAL
2
alapszabály
B2
szabályzat
B2
用法パターン：
[organization]'s statutes on/about [subject]
According to the university statutes, the council must meet at least four times a year.
Az egyetem szabályzata szerint a tanácsnak évente legalább négyszer kell üléseznie.
The association revised its statutes to allow online voting by members.
Az egyesület módosította az alapszabályát, hogy a tagok online is szavazhassanak.
Church statutes strictly regulate how funds may be used.
Any change to the club’s statutes requires approval from two-thirds of the members.
Their internal statutes set clear limits on the director’s powers.
学習者向け例文
The school’s statutes explain how the head teacher is chosen.
Az iskola szabályzata leírja, hogyan választják ki az igazgatót.
Members voted to change the club statutes.
A tagok megszavazták a klub alapszabályának módosítását.
Our company statutes say we must have a yearly meeting.
The group wrote new statutes when it became larger.
You should read the statutes before joining the association.
よくある間違い：
Learners may think 'statute' is only used for government laws. In formal writing, it can also refer to the basic written rules of organizations, especially universities, churches, and associations. In many everyday situations, 'rules' or 'regulations' are still more common and natural.
意味
formal written rules of an organization
コロケーション
university statutes
|church statutes
|corporate statutes
|organizational statutes
類義語
regulation (Often used for detailed rules within organizations or systems; 'statute' sounds more formal and foundational, especially for the basic governing rules of an institution.)
対義語
guideline (A guideline is usually a flexible recommendation, whereas a statute is a binding, formally adopted rule.)
テーマ
law
|education
|business
定義
A written rule made by an organization or institution that explains how it must work and be managed.
A formal written rule or set of rules adopted by an organization, institution, or association to govern its internal structure and operations.
文法
辞書形
statute
IPA
GB/stˈæt͡ʃut/
US/stˈæt͡ʃut/
音節・強勢
stat - ute （2音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (stat)
活用形
Noun
- Base: statute
- Plural: statutes
関連語
Forms
statutes
noun
Core family
statutory
adjective B2
Negative and opposite forms
non-statutory
adjective
Advanced or less common
statutorily
adverb
表現
by statute
1/bˈaɪ stˈæt͡ʃut/
fixed phrase
formal
according to a written law
Because a written law requires it; in a way that follows an official statute.
例文
- The committee is appointed by statute and cannot be dissolved without parliamentary approval.
- Teachers are, by statute, members of the national pension scheme.
- Certain records must be kept for at least six years by statute.
on the statute books
1/ˈɔn ðə stˈæt͡ʃut bˈʊks/
fixed phrase
officially existing as written law
Officially written down as a law that exists in a country or state, whether or not it is actually used.
例文
- Those old censorship rules are still on the statute books, even though nobody enforces them.
- The government promised to remove outdated laws from the statute books.
- Many discriminatory laws remained on the statute books well into the twentieth century.
statute of limitations
1/stˈæt͡ʃut əv lˌɪmɪtˈeɪʃənz/
fixed phrase
technical
law setting time limit for lawsuits
A law that says how long people have to start a legal case after something happens, such as a crime or an accident.
例文
- The statute of limitations for theft in this state is five years.
- The case was dismissed because the statute of limitations had expired.
- He could not be charged because the statute of limitations had passed.
- In many countries, there is no statute of limitations for serious war crimes.
- Victims are urging lawmakers to extend the statute of limitations for child abuse cases.