underlie
gb/ˌʌndɚlˈaɪ/ us/ˌʌndɚlˈaɪ/
C1
英語
~ 6100
meghúzódik, alapját képezi, húzódik
動詞
C1
FORMAL
1
meghúzódik
B2
用法パターン：
[something] underlies [a situation / behavior / feeling]
A deep fear of failure underlies many of his decisions.
Sok döntése mögött a kudarctól való mély félelem húzódik meg.
Economic inequality underlies much of the anger seen in the protests.
A tüntetéseken látható harag nagy része mögött a gazdasági egyenlőtlenség húzódik meg.
A desire for recognition underlies her constant need to impress others.
Mistrust between the two communities underlies the recent violence.
The study explores the psychological factors that underlie addictive behavior.
学習者向け例文
A strong wish to be loved underlies his actions.
Tettei mögött az a mély vágy húzódik meg, hogy szeressék.
Fear of change underlies her decision to stay in the job.
A munkahelyén maradásról hozott döntése mögött a változástól való félelem húzódik meg.
Jealousy underlies many of their arguments.
Money problems underlie most of their stress.
A need for control underlies his strict rules.
よくある間違い：
Learners often confuse "underlie" with "underline" because they look similar. "Underlie" means to be the real cause or basis of something, while "underline" means to draw a line under words or to stress something. Another mistake is using it actively when a simpler phrase is better; in everyday speech, people often say "is behind" or "is the real reason for" instead of "underlies."
意味
be the real, hidden cause
コロケーション
motives that underlie
|fears that underlie
|tensions that underlie
|feelings that underlie
|conflicts that underlie
類義語
underpin (Often used for both causes and supporting reasons; slightly more common with ideas and arguments.)
対義語
override (Describes something that replaces or is stronger than an underlying cause or reason.)
テーマ
psychology
|society
|communication
|core_vocabulary
定義
To be the real reason for something, especially when this reason is not easy to see.
To be the true but not immediately obvious cause, reason, or driving force behind something.
動詞
C1
FORMAL
2
用法パターン：
[principles / ideas / theories] underlie [a system / theory / approach]
The principles that underlie our legal system are rooted in fairness and equality.
A jogrendszerünk alapját képező elvek az igazságosságban és az egyenlőségben gyökereznek.
Several key assumptions underlie the theory of evolution.
Az evolúcióelmélet alapját több kulcsfontosságú feltevés képezi.
The values that underlie the company’s culture are clearly stated in its mission statement.
Complex mathematical models underlie modern climate predictions.
These beliefs underlie many of the policies introduced by the new government.
学習者向け例文
Simple rules underlie this computer game.
Ennek a számítógépes játéknak az alapját egyszerű szabályok képezik.
Strong basic ideas underlie her teaching method.
Tanítási módszerének alapját szilárd alapelvek képezik.
These three questions underlie our research.
Honesty and trust underlie their business plan.
New tools underlie the changes in this industry.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes use "underlie" when they really need the adjective "underlying" in phrases like "underlying principles" or "underlying assumptions." "Underlie" is a verb and usually takes a subject and object ("principles underlie the system"), while "underlying" comes before a noun ("underlying principles").
意味
form the basis of something
コロケーション
principles that underlie
|assumptions that underlie
|theories that underlie
|concepts that underlie
|values that underlie
類義語
form the basis of (More neutral and clearer for learners; often used in both spoken and written English.)
対義語
undermine (Means to weaken or damage the basis of something, the opposite of providing a foundation for it.)
テーマ
science
|academia
|business
|law
|education
|core_vocabulary
定義
To be the main idea or rule that supports a system, plan, or way of thinking.
To serve as the basic idea, principle, or structure that supports and shapes a system, theory, process, or belief.
動詞
C2
TECHNICAL
3
húzódik
B2
用法パターン：
[a layer / structure] underlies [a surface / area]
A thick layer of clay underlies the fertile soil in this region.
Ebben a régióban a termékeny talaj alatt vastag agyagréteg húzódik.
Ancient volcanic rock underlies much of the island.
A sziget nagy része alatt ősi vulkáni kőzet húzódik.
Engineers must understand the materials that underlie the road surface before starting repairs.
Solid bedrock underlies the foundations of the bridge.
Sedimentary strata underlie the coastal plain.
学習者向け例文
Hard rock underlies the soft soil here.
Itt a puha talaj alatt kemény kőzet húzódik.
A metal frame underlies the wooden floor.
A fapadló alatt fémváz húzódik.
Cold water underlies the warm water at the top.
Old stone walls underlie the modern building.
Thick ice underlies the snow on the lake.
よくある間違い：
This sense is rare outside technical or scientific texts, so learners may misread it as the abstract "cause" sense. When the subject is a physical layer or material (like rock, soil, or metal), it usually has this physical meaning.
意味
lie physically beneath something
コロケーション
rock that underlies
|bedrock underlies
|layer that underlies
|strata that underlie
類義語
lie beneath (More general and less technical; does not always suggest a supporting function.)
対義語
overlie (Technical term meaning to lie over or on top of something, especially in geology.)
テーマ
science
|geography
|space
|nature
|core_vocabulary
定義
To be under something in space, often as a lower layer or support.
To be situated directly beneath something, especially as a layer or supporting structure.
文法
辞書形
underlie
IPA
GB/ˌʌndɚlˈaɪ/
US/ˌʌndɚlˈaɪ/
音節・強勢
un - der - lie （3音節）
Stress on 2nd syllable (der)
活用形
Verb
- Base: underlie
- 3rd Person Singular: underlies
- Present Participle: underlying
- Past: underlay
- Past Participle: underlain
関連語
Forms
文法ポイント
- Irregular past: underlay Verb
- Irregular past participle: underlain Verb
表現
underlying assumption
1/ˌʌndɚlˈaɪɪŋ əsˈʌmpʃən/
fixed phrase
basic belief behind an argument
A belief that people accept as true without talking about it, and that supports their ideas or plans.
例文
- The underlying assumption is that the economy will keep growing.
- If the underlying assumption is wrong, the whole argument falls apart.
underlying cause
1/ˌʌndɚlˈaɪɪŋ kˈɔz/
fixed phrase
the real but hidden cause
The most important reason for something, which is not easy to see at first.
例文
- Doctors are still trying to find the underlying cause of her headaches.
- Stress was found to be the underlying cause of his health problems.
underlying issue
1/ˌʌndɚlˈaɪɪŋ ˈɪʃu/
fixed phrase
the deeper, less visible issue
The deeper question or concern that is more important than the things people are talking about on the surface.
例文
- The underlying issue is how resources are shared between the two regions.
- We argued about chores, but the underlying issue was feeling unappreciated.
underlying principle
1/ˌʌndɚlˈaɪɪŋ pɹˈɪnsəpəl/
fixed phrase
basic rule behind a system
The most important rule or idea that a system, belief, or method is built on.
例文
- Fairness is the underlying principle of the new policy.
- The underlying principle of this method is to keep things simple.
underlying problem
1/ˌʌndɚlˈaɪɪŋ pɹˈɑbləm/
fixed phrase
the real but hidden problem
The most important problem that is behind other, more visible problems.
例文
- Lack of trust is the underlying problem in their relationship.
- We fixed the error message, but the underlying problem is still there.