vicious
gb/vˈɪʃəs/ us/vˈɪʃəs/
B2
英語
~ 6400
erőszakos, kegyetlen, vad, rosszindulatú, kíméletlen, rettenetes, heves, súlyos, romlott, bűnös, züllött
B2
1
用法パターン：
[someone/something] is vicious
The police finally caught the vicious gang that had been terrorizing the neighborhood.
A rendőrség végül elfogta az erőszakos bandát, amely rettegésben tartotta a környéket.
A vicious dog jumped the fence and attacked the mail carrier.
Egy vad kutya átugrotta a kerítést, és rátámadt a postásra.
The victim was left with serious injuries after a vicious assault outside the club.
He developed a reputation as a vicious fighter in the ring.
Witnesses described the beating as vicious and completely unprovoked.
学習者向け例文
The man is very vicious and often hurts people.
A férfi nagyon erőszakos, és gyakran bánt másokat.
A vicious dog bit the child in the park.
Egy vad kutya megharapta a gyereket a parkban.
They were afraid of the vicious gang on the street.
She was the victim of a vicious attack late at night.
The fighter became more vicious as the match went on.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes confuse "vicious" with "viscous". "Vicious" describes cruelty or violence; "viscous" describes a thick, sticky liquid. Learners may also overuse "vicious" to mean just "angry"; it is stronger and usually suggests someone is ready to seriously hurt others.
意味
cruel and likely to hurt
コロケーション
vicious dog
|vicious attack
|vicious beating
|vicious assault
|vicious thug
|vicious criminal
類義語
brutal (Emphasizes extreme physical cruelty or violence, often with no feeling or pity.)
|
savage (Suggests wild, uncontrolled violence; slightly more dramatic or literary.)
対義語
gentle (Describes someone or something calm and not likely to hurt others.)
|
harmless (Stresses that something will not cause physical injury or danger.)
テーマ
crime
|violence
|people
|emotions
|animals
|core_vocabulary
定義
Very cruel and dangerous, and likely to hurt people or animals badly.
Extremely cruel and violent, and likely to hurt or seriously injure people or animals.
B2
2
用法パターン：
a vicious [remark/rumor/attack] about [someone]
She received a stream of vicious comments after the article went online.
A cikk internetes megjelenése után rosszindulatú hozzászólások áradata zúdult rá.
The tabloid published a vicious attack on the actor’s private life.
A bulvárlap kíméletlen támadást jelentetett meg a színész magánélete ellen.
He started a vicious rumor about his coworker to ruin her chances of promotion.
Their divorce turned ugly, with both sides making vicious accusations.
Online trolls left vicious messages on her social media page.
学習者向け例文
He made a vicious comment about her weight.
Rosszindulatú megjegyzést tett a testsúlyára.
Someone started a vicious rumor about the teacher.
Valaki rosszindulatú pletykát kezdett terjeszteni a tanárról.
The article was a vicious attack on the company.
Her ex wrote a vicious post about her online.
They exchanged vicious emails during the argument.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes think "vicious" here just means "very strong" or "angry." In this sense, it also includes a clear intention to hurt someone emotionally or damage their name. For simply "strong criticism," "harsh" or "severe" may be more neutral choices.
意味
extremely unkind and hurtful
コロケーション
vicious rumor
|vicious comment
|vicious personal attack
|vicious smear campaign
|vicious insult
類義語
malicious (Focuses on the desire to harm or hurt someone, especially by words or actions done on purpose.)
|
spiteful (Emphasizes small, mean actions or words done because of anger or jealousy.)
対義語
kind (Describes behavior or words that are gentle and caring rather than hurtful.)
|
supportive (Stresses words or actions that help and encourage someone instead of attacking them.)
テーマ
emotions
|communication
|conflict
|relationships
定義
Very mean and cruel in what you say or write, so that it really hurts another person.
Extremely unkind and cruel, especially in speech or writing, and clearly meant to hurt someone’s feelings or damage their reputation.
B2
3
用法パターン：
a vicious [storm/headache/fight]
A vicious storm swept across the coast, knocking out power to thousands of homes.
Heves vihar söpört végig a partvidéken, és több ezer otthonban okozott áramszünetet.
I've had a vicious headache all morning and can hardly concentrate.
Egész délelőtt rettenetesen fáj a fejem, és alig tudok koncentrálni.
He caught a vicious flu that kept him in bed for over a week.
The two players got into a vicious fight on the field.
Traffic was a vicious mess after the accident on the bridge.
学習者向け例文
A vicious storm hit the city last night.
Heves vihar csapott le a városra tegnap este.
She woke up with a vicious headache.
Rettenetes fejfájással ébredt.
He had a vicious cold and stayed home from work.
There was a vicious fight outside the club.
The team faced a vicious schedule of games this month.
よくある間違い：
Learners may overuse "vicious" where "bad" or "strong" is enough. "Vicious" suggests something is not only strong but also very harmful or hard to bear. Do not use it for positive intensity (e.g., not *"a vicious party"*).
意味
extremely severe or dangerous
コロケーション
vicious storm
|vicious headache
|vicious fight
|vicious flu
|vicious cold
類義語
ferocious (Often used for storms, attacks, or fights that are extremely violent or intense.)
|
intense (More general and neutral, used for strong pain, emotion, or activity; less emotive than "vicious.")
対義語
mild (Describes pain, illness, weather, or conflict that is not strong or serious.)
テーマ
health
|weather
|danger
|core_vocabulary
定義
Very strong in a bad way, causing a lot of pain, damage, or difficulty.
Extremely severe, violent, or difficult to deal with, especially describing weather, pain, illness, or conflict.
C2
FORMAL
4
用法パターン：
a vicious [habit/lifestyle/character]
The novel portrays a vicious society in which corruption is rewarded.
A regény egy romlott társadalmat ábrázol, amelyben a korrupciót jutalmazzák.
He struggled for years to free himself from vicious habits.
Évekig küzdött, hogy megszabaduljon bűnös szokásaitól.
The preacher warned the congregation about the dangers of a vicious lifestyle.
They saw the gambling ring as part of a wider and more vicious criminal culture.
学習者向け例文
They said he lived a vicious life full of crime.
Azt mondták, züllött életet élt, tele bűncselekményekkel.
The book shows a vicious city where no one is honest.
A könyv egy romlott várost mutat be, ahol senki sem becsületes.
He tried to stop his vicious habits and start again.
Some people think gambling is a vicious activity.
よくある間違い：
This formal, moral sense is less common today and can sound old-fashioned. Learners may try to use "vicious" for any bad habit; in modern English, "unhealthy" or "bad" is more usual unless strong moral judgment is intended.
意味
morally bad or full of vice
コロケーション
vicious lifestyle
|vicious habits
|vicious character
|vicious behavior
類義語
immoral (General term for not following accepted moral rules; less emotionally loaded than "vicious.")
|
depraved (Stronger; suggests deeply corrupt or evil moral character.)
対義語
virtuous (Describes someone with high moral standards and good behavior.)
|
upright (Stresses honest and morally correct behavior.)
テーマ
ethics
|religion
|society
|core_vocabulary
定義
Morally very bad, with habits or a way of life that people think are wrong or evil.
Morally bad or characterized by vice, especially involving habits or lifestyles considered deeply wrong or corrupt.
文法
辞書形
vicious
IPA
GB/vˈɪʃəs/
US/vˈɪʃəs/
音節・強勢
vi - cious （2音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (vi)
活用形
Adjective
- Base: vicious
関連語
表現
vicious circle
1/vˈɪʃəs sˈɚkəl/
idiom
self-worsening problem loop
A bad situation in which one problem causes another problem, and together they keep making the whole situation worse again and again.
例文
- Poverty and poor health can create a vicious circle.
- Many families are trapped in a vicious circle of poverty and poor education.
- They are trapped in a vicious circle of debt.
- Stress can create a vicious circle: you sleep badly, feel worse, and then worry even more.
- The more he drank, the more depressed he felt, and he couldn’t escape the vicious circle.
vicious cycle
2/vˈɪʃəs sˈaɪkəl/
idiom
self-reinforcing negative cycle
A bad cycle where one problem leads to another problem, and this keeps happening so that things get worse and worse.
例文
- Debt and poverty can create a vicious cycle.
- Debt can quickly become a vicious cycle if you keep borrowing to pay old loans.
- Lack of sleep leads to stress, which leads to more lack of sleep—a vicious cycle.
- The company was stuck in a vicious cycle of falling sales and cost-cutting.