besides
gb/bɪsˈaɪdz/ us/bɪsˈaɪdz/
B1
英語
~ 5400
語義
0件の語義
preposition
B1
relation
1
in addition to; as well as
Used to say that there is something more, in addition to what you already talked about.
用法パターン：
besides [something] / besides [doing something]
よくある間違い：
Learners often confuse 'beside' (next to) with 'besides' (in addition to). 'I sat besides him' is wrong; it should be 'I sat beside him.' Another common mistake is using 'besides' where only 'except' is correct. If you want to exclude something, use the 'except/other than' meaning of 'besides' (sense 3) or use 'except' instead.
類義語
in addition to (Very close in meaning; slightly more formal and typically used in writing or careful speech.)
|
as well as (Common in speech; often sounds a bit more natural than 'besides' in some contexts.)
対義語
excluding (Signals that something is left out, while 'besides' here signals that something extra is included.)
コロケーション
besides the fact that
|besides the point
|anyone else besides
|nothing besides
|besides food and drink
テーマ
communication
|logic
|daily_life
|core_vocabulary
例文
- Besides a good salary, the job offers free health insurance.
- They invited the whole team besides the new interns.
- Besides working full-time, she also studies in the evenings.
- What other languages do you speak besides English?
- Besides the noise, the apartment is perfect for us.
学習者向け例文
- Besides my job, I also study at night.
- He bought a phone and, besides that, a new laptop.
- Who else is coming besides your brother?
- Besides coffee, they serve tea and juice.
- Besides playing football, she likes to read.
adverb
B2
relation
2
moreover; used to add a reason
Used to add another reason or point to what you just said, similar to 'also' or 'moreover'.
用法パターン：
Besides, [clause]
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes put 'besides' in the wrong place in the sentence. In this meaning it usually comes at the start of a new sentence or clause: 'I’m busy; besides, I’m tired.' It is not natural to say *'I’m besides busy and tired'* in this sense. They also confuse it with 'beside' (next to), which cannot be used as a sentence adverb.
類義語
moreover (Very close in meaning but more formal and more common in written text than in everyday conversation.)
|
anyway (Often used in a similar position but can sound more casual and can change the topic, while 'besides' clearly adds another supporting point.)
対義語
however (Introduces contrast or an opposite point, while 'besides' introduces an additional supporting point.)
コロケーション
and besides
|besides, I
|besides, there is
|besides that
|besides, you know
テーマ
communication
|logic
|argumentation
|core_vocabulary
例文
- I don’t feel like going out; besides, I have a lot of work to do.
- We shouldn’t buy it; besides, we can’t really afford it right now.
- No one knows about this, and besides, it’s none of their business.
- She’s not qualified for the job, and besides, she applied too late.
- I don’t want to move, and besides, the kids love their school here.
学習者向け例文
- I don’t want to go out; besides, I am very tired.
- He didn’t call me, and besides, he didn’t send a message.
- We can’t take the bus; besides, it is already too late.
- I don’t like this plan; besides, it is too expensive.
- She is busy today; besides, she is not feeling well.
preposition
B2
relation
3
except for; other than
Used to say that you do not include something or someone; similar to 'except for' or 'other than'.
用法パターン：
besides [someone/something]
よくある間違い：
Learners often confuse this excluding sense with the 'in addition to' sense. Compare: 'I don’t read any books besides this one' (only this book) versus 'Besides this book, I read many others' (this book plus others). Word order and the rest of the sentence help show if the meaning is 'except' or 'in addition to'. When in doubt, 'except' or 'except for' is safer and clearer for learners.
類義語
except (Very close in meaning; often slightly more common and straightforward for learners in this excluding sense.)
|
other than (A neutral alternative that can replace 'besides' in many excluding contexts.)
対義語
including (Means that something is part of a group, while 'besides' here means it is not part of the group.)
コロケーション
no one besides
|nothing besides
|besides you
|besides this
|besides that problem
テーマ
logic
|communication
|core_vocabulary
例文
- Nobody besides Emma knew the real story.
- I don’t read any magazines besides this one.
- There’s nothing to do here besides watch TV.
- We have no information besides what you already know.
- No one besides the manager has access to that file.
学習者向け例文
- I don’t talk to anyone besides my family.
- There is nothing to eat besides bread and water.
- No one besides you can help me with this.
- I don’t know any city besides London.
- He doesn’t play any sport besides tennis.
文法
表現
and besides
1/ˈænd bɪsˈaɪdz/
fixed phrase
adds another supporting reason
Used to introduce one more reason or point that supports what you just said.
例文
- I don’t want to go out, and besides, it’s too cold tonight.
- We shouldn’t buy this car; it’s expensive, and besides, it uses a lot of fuel.
- She didn’t want to move, and besides, her whole family lived nearby.
besides that
1/bɪsˈaɪdz ðˈæt/
fixed phrase
adds another point after that
Used to say there is one more thing, in addition to what you just talked about.
例文
- The hotel was noisy, and besides that, the staff were unfriendly.
- I was tired, and besides that, I had a headache.
- The film was too long, and besides that, the story was boring.
besides the fact that
1/bɪsˈaɪdz ðə fˈækt ðˈæt/
fixed phrase
adds a whole situation as reason
Used to introduce a complete situation as another reason or point in an argument.
例文
- I don’t want to move, besides the fact that I can’t afford it.
- They refused the offer, besides the fact that it came too late.
- She didn’t accept the job, besides the fact that the salary was low.
besides which
1/bɪsˈaɪdz wˈɪt͡ʃ/
fixed phrase
formal
formal way to add a clause
A formal way to add another supporting fact, usually in writing, joining it directly to the sentence before.
例文
- The project is too risky, besides which it would be extremely expensive.
- The proposal lacks clear goals, besides which the timeline is unrealistic.
- The house is too far from the city, besides which it needs a lot of repairs.