deterrence
gb/dɪtˈɚəns/ us/dɪtˈɚəns/
C1
英語
語義
0件の語義
名詞
formal
C1
process
1
prevention by fear of consequences
Deterrence is preventing people from doing something by making them afraid of the results.
用法パターン：
deterrence of [behavior]; deterrence against [behavior]
よくある間違い：
Do not confuse deterrence with deterrent. Deterrence is the process or policy; a deterrent is the thing that discourages someone.
類義語
prevention (broader and more general; does not always involve fear of consequences)
|
discouragement (less formal and may involve persuasion rather than threatened costs)
|
dissuasion (formal; emphasizes persuading someone not to act)
対義語
encouragement (makes someone more likely to do something)
|
incitement (actively urges or provokes someone to act)
コロケーション
effective deterrence
|crime deterrence
|criminal deterrence
|deterrence strategy
|deterrence measures
|deterrence effect
|deterrence policy
|deterrence of crime
|deterrence against theft
|act as a deterrence
テーマ
law
|crime
|security
|politics
例文
- The new fines are intended to improve deterrence against illegal dumping.
- Many experts doubt that longer prison sentences provide much extra deterrence.
- Visible security cameras can increase deterrence even when no one is watching them live.
学習者向け例文
- The high fine is meant to provide deterrence.
- Good lighting can help with deterrence against theft.
名詞
technical
C1
abstract
2
defense through threatened retaliation
In military use, deterrence means stopping an enemy from attacking by making the enemy believe the cost would be too high.
用法パターン：
deterrence against [an attack/enemy]; deterrence through [capability/threat]
よくある間違い：
Deterrence does not mean an actual attack; it means trying to prevent an attack by threat or capability.
類義語
strategic dissuasion (more specialized; often used in defense policy)
|
defense by threat (plain explanatory phrase rather than a standard term)
対義語
provocation (an action that may trigger the conflict deterrence aims to prevent)
|
appeasement (avoiding conflict by concessions rather than by threatened costs)
コロケーション
nuclear deterrence
|strategic deterrence
|conventional deterrence
|credible deterrence
|extended deterrence
|deterrence posture
|deterrence capability
|deterrence policy
|maintain deterrence
|strengthen deterrence
テーマ
military
|security
|international_relations
|politics
例文
- The alliance relies on deterrence to reduce the risk of a direct attack.
- Officials argued that a stronger naval presence would support deterrence in the region.
- Deterrence depends not only on military power but also on whether the threat is believable.
学習者向け例文
- The country uses deterrence to prevent attacks.
- For deterrence to work, the enemy must believe the threat.
文法
辞書形
deterrence
IPA
GB/dɪtˈɚəns/
US/dɪtˈɚəns/
音節・強勢
de - terrence （2音節）
Stress on 2nd syllable (terrence)
活用形
Noun
- Base: deterrence
- Plural: deterrence
表現
deterrence by denial
1/dɪtˈɚəns bˈaɪ dɪnˈaɪəl/
fixed phrase
technical
deterrence by blocking success
Deterrence by denial means stopping someone from acting by making success look impossible or very unlikely.
例文
- Strong cyber defenses can create deterrence by denial by making attacks less likely to work.
- The plan emphasizes deterrence by denial rather than threats of retaliation.
- Better border sensors were presented as a form of deterrence by denial.
deterrence by punishment
1/dɪtˈɚəns bˈaɪ pˈʌnɪʃmənt/
fixed phrase
technical
deterrence by threatened penalty
Deterrence by punishment means stopping someone from acting by threatening serious consequences afterward.
例文
- The policy relied on deterrence by punishment: any attack would bring a severe response.
- Some crimes are hard to stop through deterrence by punishment if offenders do not expect to be caught.
- Military planners debated whether deterrence by punishment would be credible in that situation.
deterrence theory
1/dɪtˈɚəns θˈiɚi/
fixed phrase
technical
theory of preventing behavior
Deterrence theory says people are less likely to do something if they expect serious punishment or costs.
例文
- Deterrence theory assumes that potential offenders think about the risk of being caught.
- The article applies deterrence theory to cyberattacks between states.
- Some researchers argue that deterrence theory does not fully explain impulsive crimes.
extended deterrence
1/ɪkstˈɛndɪd dɪtˈɚəns/
fixed phrase
technical
deterrence protecting allies
Extended deterrence means one country uses its power to help stop attacks on an ally.
例文
- The treaty is intended to provide extended deterrence to smaller allies.
- Extended deterrence depends on whether adversaries believe the promise of support.
- The deployment was meant to reassure allies and strengthen extended deterrence.
general deterrence
1/d͡ʒˈɛnɚəl dɪtˈɚəns/
fixed phrase
technical
punishment discouraging others
General deterrence means punishing one person in order to discourage other people from doing the same thing.
例文
- The judge said the sentence had to serve the goal of general deterrence.
- Supporters of harsh penalties often claim they promote general deterrence.
- Evidence for general deterrence is stronger when people believe they are likely to be caught.
nuclear deterrence
1/nˈukliɚ dɪtˈɚəns/
fixed phrase
technical
prevention by nuclear threat
Nuclear deterrence means trying to stop an enemy from attacking by threatening a nuclear response.
例文
- During the Cold War, nuclear deterrence shaped relations between the superpowers.
- The government says its submarine fleet is essential for nuclear deterrence.
- Critics argue that nuclear deterrence carries serious risks of accident or miscalculation.
specific deterrence
1/spɪsˈɪfɪk dɪtˈɚəns/
fixed phrase
technical
punishment discouraging same offender
Specific deterrence means trying to stop the same person from offending again.
例文
- The court considered whether a short prison term would provide specific deterrence.
- Probation can support specific deterrence by closely monitoring the offender.
- The policy focuses on specific deterrence rather than making an example of offenders.