dirt
gb/dˈɚt/ us/dˈɚt/
A2
英語
~ 7200
語義
0件の語義
名詞
A2
entity
1
loose soil on the ground
Loose soil on the ground, for example in a yard, garden, or field.
用法パターン：
[someone] digs / plays / works in the dirt
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes confuse "dirt" with "ground" or "land." "Dirt" is the loose soil itself (You dig in the dirt), while "ground" is the surface you stand on (You sit on the ground). "Land" is a larger area of ground, often in a legal or geographic sense (buy land, travel over land).
類義語
soil (More general and slightly more formal; often used in gardening, farming, and science.)
|
earth (More literary or formal for the substance of the ground; used less in everyday casual speech.)
対義語
pavement (Refers to a hard, man-made surface like concrete or asphalt instead of natural dirt.)
|
grass (Refers to ground covered with plants rather than bare soil or dirt.)
コロケーション
play in the dirt
|dig in the dirt
|a pile of dirt
|loose dirt
|kick up dirt
|potting dirt
テーマ
nature
|home
|daily life
|core_vocabulary
例文
- The kids were happily digging in the dirt behind the house.
- He brushed the loose dirt away and found an old coin.
- They dumped a truckload of dirt in the driveway for the new garden beds.
- Her boots left deep marks in the soft dirt after the rain.
- The dog rolled in the dirt and came back inside covered in dust.
学習者向け例文
- The boy plays in the dirt in the yard.
- She puts the flower in the dirt in a pot.
- The workers move the dirt with big machines.
- There is a lot of dirt on the road after the storm.
- I see fresh dirt where someone dug a hole.
unknown
A2
entity
2
unclean substance making things dirty
Dust, mud, or other unclean stuff on things that makes them not clean.
用法パターン：
[someone] cleans / wipes dirt off [something]
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes use "dust" when they mean more general dirt. "Dust" is very small, dry particles, often in the air or on surfaces. "Dirt" can be dust, mud, or other unclean things that make something dirty.
類義語
grime (Suggests thick, old, or greasy dirt that has built up over time.)
|
filth (Stronger and more negative; suggests very disgusting dirt or unclean conditions.)
対義語
cleanliness (Refers to the state of being clean and free from dirt.)
|
spotlessness (Emphasizes being completely clean, with no dirt at all.)
コロケーション
wipe off the dirt
|covered in dirt
|remove dirt
|dirt and grime
|track dirt into the house
|dirt stains
テーマ
home
|daily life
|hygiene
|daily_life
|core_vocabulary
例文
- There was a layer of dirt on the windowsill that hadn’t been cleaned in months.
- You have some dirt on your face; go wash it off.
- Take your shoes off so you don’t bring dirt into the house.
- The mechanic’s hands were black with dirt and oil.
- This soap is strong enough to cut through tough dirt and grease.
学習者向け例文
- There is dirt on the table, so I clean it.
- Your shirt has dirt on it after the game.
- Please do not bring dirt into the living room.
- I wash my hands to remove the dirt.
- The car is full of dirt, so we need to wash it.
名詞
informal
B2
entity
3
harmful or scandalous information
Bad private information about someone that can make other people think badly of them.
用法パターン：
[someone] has / gets / shares dirt on [someone]
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes confuse this meaning with physical dirt. When used with "on someone" ("dirt on him"), it almost always means bad information, not soil or dust.
類義語
gossip (More general talk about other people’s private lives, not always harmful or true.)
|
scandal (A bigger and more serious situation that is already publicly known, not just private information.)
対義語
good reputation (If someone has a good reputation, there is little or no damaging information about them.)
|
praise (Positive talk about someone, the opposite of sharing bad or harmful information.)
コロケーション
dirt on [someone]
|dig up dirt
|juicy dirt
|some serious dirt
|political dirt
テーマ
media
|relationships
|work
|politics
|communication
例文
- The reporter claimed she had dirt on several high-ranking officials.
- He tried to dig up dirt on his opponent before the election.
- The tabloids are always looking for new dirt on celebrities.
- She refused to share any dirt about her former boss, even though they had argued.
- One angry tweet with some supposed dirt nearly ruined his career.
学習者向け例文
- The magazine wants dirt on famous people.
- He says he has dirt on his old manager.
- They are trying to find dirt on the other team before the vote.
- She will not tell any dirt about her friends.
- The news story is full of dirt about the singer.
名詞
informal
C1
entity
4
obscene or sexual material or talk
Sex words, pictures, or stories that people see as rude or not proper.
用法パターン：
[someone] talks / writes / watches dirt
よくある間違い：
Learners may overuse this sense. In modern English, this meaning exists but is less common than the physical and "bad information" senses. Often people use other words like "smut" or "porn" instead of "dirt" for sexual content.
類義語
smut (Very close in meaning; strongly suggests sexual content and is often slightly stronger or more disapproving.)
|
pornography (More specific and formal; usually refers to sexual images or videos, not just rude talk.)
対義語
wholesomeness (Refers to content that is clean, morally acceptable, and not sexual or rude.)
|
decency (Refers to behavior or content that follows social rules of what is proper and not offensive.)
コロケーション
talking dirt
|reading dirt
|full of dirt
|sexual dirt
|smut and dirt
テーマ
media
|sexuality
|morality
|communication
例文
- He complained that there was too much dirt on late-night television.
- Her parents thought the magazine was just full of dirt and banned it from the house.
- The comedian was funny, but his act had a lot of dirt in it.
- They accused the website of spreading dirt and corrupting young viewers.
- The teacher warned the students not to share dirt in the class group chat.
学習者向け例文
- My dad says this movie is full of dirt.
- Some people think this song is dirt, but others like it.
- The teacher does not want any dirt in our school play.
- He stops reading the book because there is too much dirt in it.
- They delete posts with dirt from the online group.
名詞
informal
B2
entity
5
person or status seen as worthless
A way to talk about a person as if they have no value and do not deserve respect.
用法パターン：
[someone] is (like) dirt to [someone]; [someone] feels like dirt
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes translate this idea directly from their language and say "I am dirt" in situations where English speakers would say "I feel worthless" or "I feel terrible." The word "dirt" here is strong and usually appears in set phrases like "treat someone like dirt" or "someone’s name is dirt."
類義語
trash (Very insulting slang for a person seen as low or worthless.)
|
nobody (Less rude; focuses more on low importance or status than on being disgusting or dirty.)
対義語
respect (If you respect someone, you do not see them as dirt; you value them.)
|
dignity (Refers to a sense of worth and honor, the opposite of being treated like dirt.)
コロケーション
treat [someone] like dirt
|feel like dirt
|someone is dirt to [someone]
|name is dirt
テーマ
emotions
|relationships
|social issues
例文
- After the scandal, his name was dirt in the industry.
- They treated her like dirt just because she was new to the country.
- I felt like dirt after he shouted at me in front of everyone.
- To some rich people, the workers are just dirt.
- She swore she would never let anyone make her feel like dirt again.
学習者向け例文
- He feels like dirt when his boss shouts at him.
- They treat him like dirt because he is poor.
- After the lie, her name is dirt in the office.
- No one is dirt; everyone should have respect.
- She is not dirt; she is an important person.
文法
表現
dig up dirt (on [someone])
1/dˈɪɡ ˈʌp dˈɚt ˈɔn sˈʌmwˌʌn/
idiom
informal
look for damaging information
To try hard to find bad private information about someone, especially to hurt their reputation.
例文
- Reporters were trying to dig up dirt on the candidate before the debate.
- She hired a private investigator to dig up dirt on her ex-husband.
- The tabloids are always digging up dirt on celebrities.
dirt poor
1/dˈɚt pˈʊɹ/
idiom
informal
extremely poor, with no money
Very, very poor; having almost no money or property.
例文
- He grew up dirt poor in a small farming village.
- Even though they were dirt poor, his parents always shared what they had.
- The family went from dirt poor to comfortable in just one generation.
eat dirt
1/ˈit dˈɚt/
idiom
informal
accept humiliation or defeat
To be forced to accept that you were wrong or lost, in a way that feels very bad and embarrassing.
例文
- He had to eat dirt and admit that his plan had failed.
- After all his bragging, he ended up eating dirt in front of everyone.
- The team made their critics eat dirt by winning the championship.
have dirt on [someone]
1/hˈæv dˈɚt ˈɔn sˈʌmwˌʌn/
idiom
informal
possess harmful private information
To know bad private information about someone that could hurt them if other people find out.
例文
- The journalist claimed she had dirt on several famous actors.
- He says he has dirt on his boss and could get him fired.
- They were afraid to speak out because the company had dirt on them.
hit pay dirt
1/hˈɪt pˈeɪ dˈɚt/
idiom
informal
suddenly find something valuable
To suddenly find something that is very valuable or very useful, often after a long search.
例文
- The researchers hit pay dirt when they discovered the new treatment.
- We hit pay dirt with that new client; they doubled our sales.
- She hit pay dirt at the flea market and found a painting worth thousands.
someone’s name is dirt
1/sˈʌmwˌʌnz nˈeɪm ˈɪz dˈɚt/
idiom
informal
have a very bad reputation
People think very badly of this person now; they do not respect or trust them anymore.
例文
- After the scandal, his name was dirt in the whole town.
- If you cheat your customers, your name will be dirt in the industry.
- Her name is dirt at that company after what happened.
throw dirt at [someone]
1/θɹˈoʊ dˈɚt ˈæt sˈʌmwˌʌn/
idiom
informal
attack someone’s reputation with talk
To say bad or false things about someone so that other people will think badly of them.
例文
- During the campaign, both sides threw dirt at each other.
- He’s just throwing dirt at her because he’s jealous.
- Instead of throwing dirt at your coworkers, try to solve the problem together.
treat [someone] like dirt
1/tɹˈit sˈʌmwˌʌn lˈaɪk dˈɚt/
idiom
informal
treat someone with no respect
To be very rude or unkind to someone, as if they have no value.
例文
- He treats his employees like dirt, and many of them have quit.
- I’m not going to let anyone treat me like dirt anymore.
- She realized she had been treating her sister like dirt and apologized.
dirt cheap
1/dˈɚt t͡ʃˈip/
idiom
informal
Extremely inexpensive
Very, very cheap; costing almost nothing.
例文
- These tickets were dirt cheap!
- The old car was dirt cheap but worked fine.
dirt cheap
2/dˈɚt t͡ʃˈip/
idiom
informal
extremely cheap in price
Very, very cheap; costing almost nothing.
例文
- These tickets were dirt cheap, so I bought four of them.
- The hotel was dirt cheap, but it was clean and safe.
- You can get fresh fruit dirt cheap at the market near closing time.
dish the dirt
1/dˈɪʃ ðə dˈɚt/
idiom
informal
Share gossip or scandalous details
To tell bad or secret things about someone.
例文
- Come on, dish the dirt! What did he say?
- Come on, let’s get coffee and dish the dirt about the party.
- The magazine loves to dish the dirt on celebrities.
- The article dishes the dirt on life inside the royal family.
- They love to sit around and dish the dirt on their coworkers.