jurisdiction
gb/d͡ʒˌʊɹɪsdˈɪkʃən/ us/d͡ʒˌʊɹɪsdˈɪkʃən/
C1
英語
~ 5200
語義
0件の語義
名詞
formal
C1
entity
1
legal power to decide cases
The legal power that a court or government has to make decisions and use the law for certain people or places.
用法パターン：
[authority] has jurisdiction over [people/area/subject]
よくある間違い：
Learners often confuse "jurisdiction" with general "law" or "justice". "Jurisdiction" is about who has the legal power to make decisions, not about whether something is fair. Learners also sometimes say *"jurisdiction on"* instead of the usual pattern "jurisdiction over" (e.g., "The court has jurisdiction over the case").
類義語
authority (A broader word for the right to give orders or make decisions; not always specifically legal like "jurisdiction".)
|
power (Very general; can be physical or social, while "jurisdiction" is formal and legal.)
対義語
powerlessness (Describes having no power or authority, the opposite of holding legal jurisdiction.)
コロケーション
have jurisdiction
|exercise jurisdiction
|within the jurisdiction of
|outside its jurisdiction
|jurisdiction over
|lack jurisdiction
テーマ
law
|government
|business
例文
- The court ruled that it did not have jurisdiction to hear the case.
- Under the new law, federal agencies now have jurisdiction over online privacy disputes.
- The committee has no jurisdiction over criminal matters.
- Local authorities claim jurisdiction over all taxis operating in the city center.
- The judge questioned whether the tribunal had jurisdiction in international human-rights cases.
学習者向け例文
- This court has jurisdiction over crimes in this city.
- The police said the case was not in their jurisdiction.
- A tax court has special jurisdiction in tax problems.
- That judge does not have jurisdiction to change this contract.
- The new office will have jurisdiction over all schools in the area.
名詞
formal
C1
entity
2
area where law applies
The area or group of people where a court or government can use its legal power.
用法パターン：
[something] is legal/illegal in this jurisdiction
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes mix this sense with the more abstract sense of legal power. Here, "jurisdiction" means the area or group where rules apply. In sentences like "in this jurisdiction" or "across jurisdictions", it usually refers to places rather than to power itself.
類義語
territory (A general word for land or area; "jurisdiction" focuses on where legal power applies, not just physical land.)
対義語
worldwide (Indicates no limits of area, the opposite of a specific, limited jurisdiction.)
コロケーション
in this jurisdiction
|within this jurisdiction
|outside the jurisdiction
|foreign jurisdiction
|state jurisdiction
|local jurisdiction
テーマ
law
|government
|travel
|space
例文
- Cannabis remains illegal in this jurisdiction.
- Each state is a separate jurisdiction with its own traffic laws.
- The company operates in several tax jurisdictions.
- The offense was committed outside our jurisdiction and must be handled by another court.
- Regulations differ from one jurisdiction to another, so check the rules before you expand your business.
学習者向け例文
- This type of knife is not legal in this jurisdiction.
- Driving rules change when you cross into another jurisdiction.
- The law is different in every jurisdiction.
- He broke the law in a foreign jurisdiction.
- The company must pay tax in many jurisdictions.
unknown
formal
C2
entity
3
unit of government with authority
A government unit, like a city, state, or agency, thought of as a separate legal authority.
用法パターン：
[several] jurisdictions [do something together]
よくある間違い：
Learners may think "jurisdictions" always means physical areas only. In this sense, it means the government bodies or systems themselves, especially in phrases like "state and local jurisdictions".
類義語
authority (A very general word for a body that governs; "jurisdiction" in this sense emphasizes it as a distinct legal unit.)
|
municipality (Refers specifically to a city or town government; a "jurisdiction" may be larger or smaller.)
対義語
private entity (A non-government organization or person, which does not function as a public legal jurisdiction.)
コロケーション
state and local jurisdictions
|multiple jurisdictions
|regulatory jurisdictions
|taxing jurisdictions
|across jurisdictions
|participating jurisdictions
テーマ
law
|government
|business
|politics
例文
- State and local jurisdictions will share the cost of the new bridge.
- Several jurisdictions have adopted similar data-protection rules.
- The agreement was signed by more than thirty tax jurisdictions.
- Different jurisdictions interpret these regulations in different ways.
- Smaller jurisdictions may struggle to enforce complex environmental standards.
学習者向け例文
- Many jurisdictions worked together on the project.
- Three jurisdictions share this large river.
- Some jurisdictions have strict gun laws.
- Other jurisdictions do not follow this rule.
- The company must report to several tax jurisdictions.
名詞
formal
C1
entity
4
scope of responsibility or control
The set of things that a person or group is officially allowed or supposed to deal with.
用法パターン：
[something] is outside [someone’s] jurisdiction
よくある間違い：
Learners may think this meaning is always about courts and law. In many workplaces, people say things like "That’s outside my jurisdiction" to mean "That’s not my official responsibility." In this use, it is similar to "scope" or "remit" rather than to a court’s power.
類義語
scope (A general word for the range of things involved; "jurisdiction" is more formal and implies official authority.)
|
remit (Formal British English for the area of responsibility; similar to this sense of "jurisdiction".)
対義語
irrelevance (Something that is not part of someone’s official area of concern is irrelevant to their jurisdiction.)
コロケーション
within my jurisdiction
|outside my jurisdiction
|beyond their jurisdiction
|fall under the jurisdiction of
|under my jurisdiction
テーマ
work
|law
|government
|core_vocabulary
例文
- That complaint is outside my jurisdiction, so you’ll need to contact human resources.
- The ethics committee decided that the matter fell within its jurisdiction.
- These policy questions are beyond the jurisdiction of this technical working group.
- The issue is under the jurisdiction of the finance department, not marketing.
- They refused to act, arguing that the problem did not come under their jurisdiction.
学習者向け例文
- This problem is outside my jurisdiction.
- Hiring new staff is not in his jurisdiction.
- The question is under the jurisdiction of the school board.
- These cases are within the manager’s jurisdiction.
- It is not in her jurisdiction to change the rules.
文法
辞書形
jurisdiction
IPA
GB/d͡ʒˌʊɹɪsdˈɪkʃən/
US/d͡ʒˌʊɹɪsdˈɪkʃən/
音節・強勢
jur - is - dic - tion （4音節）
Stress on 3rd syllable (dic)
活用形
Noun
- Base: jurisdiction
- Plural: jurisdiction, jurisdictions
関連語
Forms
jurisdictions
noun
Core family
jurisdictional
adjective C1
Related words
juridical
adjective
jurist
noun
Advanced or less common
jurisdictionally
adverb
jurisprudence
noun C2
表現
fall under the jurisdiction of
1/fˈɔl ˈʌndɚ ðə d͡ʒˌʊɹɪsdˈɪkʃən əv/
fixed phrase
formal
be included in someone’s authority
To be a case, issue, or area that a certain court, office, or person is officially allowed to control.
例文
- These types of disputes fall under the jurisdiction of the civil courts.
- Environmental crimes typically fall under the jurisdiction of federal agencies.
have jurisdiction over
1/hˈæv d͡ʒˌʊɹɪsdˈɪkʃən ˈoʊvɚ/
fixed phrase
formal
possess legal authority over
To have the legal power to make decisions and use the law for a person, thing, or area.
例文
- The federal court has jurisdiction over cases involving immigration.
- Local police do not have jurisdiction over crimes committed in international waters.
in this jurisdiction
1/ˈɪn ðˈɪs d͡ʒˌʊɹɪsdˈɪkʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
in this legal area or system
In the place or legal system we are talking about now.
例文
- Abortion is heavily restricted in this jurisdiction.
- In this jurisdiction, employers must provide health insurance.
outside (someone's) jurisdiction
1/aʊtsˈaɪd sˈʌmwˌʌnz d͡ʒˌʊɹɪsdˈɪkʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
beyond legal power or responsibility
Not part of the area or type of problem that a person, office, or court is allowed to control.
例文
- The regulator said the complaint was outside its jurisdiction.
- I’m afraid this issue is outside my jurisdiction; please contact the legal department.
state and local jurisdictions
1/stˈeɪt ˈænd lˈoʊkəl d͡ʒˌʊɹɪsdˈɪkʃənz/
fixed phrase
formal
state and municipal legal authorities
State governments and city or town governments, thought of as separate legal bodies.
例文
- The project will be funded by state and local jurisdictions.
- Regulations are enforced by various state and local jurisdictions across the country.
under the jurisdiction of
1/ˈʌndɚ ðə d͡ʒˌʊɹɪsdˈɪkʃən əv/
fixed phrase
formal
subject to an authority’s power
Controlled by and answerable to a certain court, office, or government.
例文
- All schools are under the jurisdiction of the education ministry.
- The port is under the jurisdiction of the regional government.
within the jurisdiction of
1/wɪðˈɪn ðə d͡ʒˌʊɹɪsdˈɪkʃən əv/
fixed phrase
formal
inside an authority’s legal area
In the area or group where a certain court, office, or government has legal power.
例文
- The island falls within the jurisdiction of the coastal city.
- Such matters are within the jurisdiction of the constitutional court.