malfunction
gb/mælfˈʌŋkʃən/ us/mælfˈʌŋkʃən/
B2
英語
語義
0件の語義
名詞
B2
event
1
failure to work properly
When a machine does not work the right way.
用法パターン：
a malfunction (in/of) [machine/system]
よくある間違い：
Malfunction is not an adjective; say "a malfunctioning printer" or "a faulty printer," not "a malfunction printer."
類義語
fault (General problem; can be less specific than a malfunction.)
|
failure (Often broader; may suggest complete stopping rather than incorrect operation.)
|
breakdown (Often used for vehicles or serious stoppages.)
対義語
proper functioning (Working correctly as intended.)
|
normal operation (Operating in the usual correct way.)
コロケーション
equipment malfunction
|system malfunction
|technical malfunction
|hardware malfunction
|software malfunction
|mechanical malfunction
|engine malfunction
|sensor malfunction
|power malfunction
|a malfunction occurs
テーマ
technology
|daily_life
|transport
|workplace
例文
- The flight was delayed because of a technical malfunction.
- A malfunction in the braking system triggered a safety alert.
- The app crashed due to a software malfunction.
学習者向け例文
- There was a malfunction in the elevator.
- The car stopped because of a malfunction.
動詞
B2
event
2
stop working properly
If a machine malfunctions, it does not work correctly.
用法パターン：
[machine/system] malfunctions (at/in/during) [time/place/event]
よくある間違い：
Don’t use as a transitive verb: say "The machine malfunctioned," not "It malfunctioned the machine."
類義語
fail (More general; may mean it stops working entirely.)
|
break down (Common for vehicles and machines; often implies stopping completely.)
|
go wrong (Informal and broad; not limited to machines.)
対義語
function (Work correctly.)
|
operate normally (Work in the usual correct way.)
コロケーション
malfunction suddenly
|malfunction repeatedly
|malfunction during the test
|malfunction in flight
|malfunction under pressure
|malfunction without warning
|malfunction due to a defect
|malfunction because of overheating
テーマ
technology
|daily_life
|workplace
例文
- The scanner malfunctioned halfway through the job.
- If the alarm malfunctions, call maintenance immediately.
- The robot arm malfunctioned and stopped moving.
学習者向け例文
- My phone malfunctioned yesterday.
- The machine is malfunctioning.
名詞
C1
state
3
body part works wrongly
When a part of the body does not work normally.
用法パターン：
a malfunction of [organ/system]
よくある間違い：
In health contexts, this is often countable: "a malfunction of the immune system" (not usually "malfunctioning" as a noun).
類義語
dysfunction (More common in medical contexts and often more formal.)
|
disorder (Broader; can refer to a diagnosed condition, not just a failure to work.)
対義語
normal function (Healthy, typical operation of the body part or system.)
コロケーション
organ malfunction
|kidney malfunction
|immune system malfunction
|thyroid malfunction
|brain malfunction
|hormonal malfunction
|a malfunction occurs
テーマ
health
|science
例文
- The tests showed a malfunction of the thyroid gland.
- Symptoms can appear when the immune system has a malfunction.
- The doctor ruled out any organ malfunction.
学習者向け例文
- The doctor found a malfunction in my thyroid.
- My immune system has a problem.
文法
辞書形
malfunction
IPA
GB/mælfˈʌŋkʃən/
US/mælfˈʌŋkʃən/
音節・強勢
mal - func - tion （3音節）
Stress on 2nd syllable (func)
活用形
Noun
- Base: malfunction
- Plural: malfunction, malfunctions
Verb
- Base: malfunction
- 3rd Person Singular: malfunctions
- Present Participle: malfunctioning
- Past: malfunctioned
関連語
Forms
malfunctions
noun
malfunctioning
verb
malfunctioned
verb
Core family
function
noun B1
functional
adjective B1
Related words
functionality
noun B2
functionally
adverb
Negative and opposite forms
表現
a malfunction occurs
1/ə mælfˈʌŋkʃən əkˈɚz/
fixed phrase
a failure happens
Used to talk about what to do when a machine fails.
例文
- If a malfunction occurs, shut down the device immediately.
- An alarm sounds when a malfunction occurs in the cooling system.
- The manual explains what to do if a malfunction occurs.
suffer a malfunction
1/sˈʌfɚ ə mælfˈʌŋkʃən/
fixed phrase
experience a mechanical failure
When a machine has a malfunction.
例文
- The train suffered a malfunction and was taken out of service.
- During the broadcast, the camera suffered a malfunction.
- The elevator suffered a malfunction and trapped two people briefly.