penalty
gb/pˈɛnəlti/ us/pˈɛnəlti/
A2
英語
~ 2400
語義
0件の語義
名詞
B1
entity
1
punishment for a rule violation
A punishment you get when you break a rule or law.
用法パターン：
a penalty for [doing something]
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes confuse 'penalty' with 'fee'; a 'fee' is usually a regular payment for service, while a 'penalty' is a punishment cost.
類義語
punishment (A general term for any consequence given for wrongdoing, not limited to formal rules.)
対義語
reward (Given as a positive outcome for good behavior, opposite to a penalty which is negative.)
コロケーション
pay a penalty
|face a penalty
|heavy penalty
|severe penalty
|legal penalty
テーマ
law
|sports
|daily life
|core_vocabulary
例文
- The company faced a heavy penalty for violating environmental regulations.
- You will receive a penalty if you park in this area without a permit.
- There’s a penalty for late payment of the bill.
- The new law increases the penalty for drunk driving.
- He paid the penalty for his careless actions.
学習者向け例文
- She got a penalty for driving too fast.
- There is a penalty if you pay late.
- He paid the penalty for breaking the rule.
- The shop must pay a penalty for selling bad food.
- We have to pay a penalty if we cancel the trip.
名詞
B2
entity
2
disadvantage resulting from an action
A bad result or loss caused by something you do or that happens.
用法パターン：
the penalty of [something]
類義語
cost (Focuses on the price or sacrifice involved, not necessarily as punishment.)
対義語
benefit (A positive result or advantage, opposite to a penalty as a negative result.)
コロケーション
the penalties of fame
|the penalties of aging
テーマ
daily life
|core_vocabulary
|daily_life
例文
- One of the penalties of living in the city is the constant noise.
- The penalty of working long hours is less time with family.
- Fame brings many advantages, but also some penalties.
- The main penalty of his decision was losing his friends.
学習者向け例文
- The penalty of eating too much is feeling sick.
- A big city has the penalty of being noisy.
- One penalty of his job is stress.
- The penalty of not sleeping is feeling tired.
名詞
A2
entity
3
punishment for breaking sports rules
A punishment in sports when someone breaks the rules.
用法パターン：
receive a penalty
類義語
foul (In sports, an illegal play; not always resulting in a formal penalty.)
対義語
advantage (In sports, an opportunity gained, opposite to losing one due to a penalty.)
コロケーション
penalty kick
|penalty shot
|serve a penalty
テーマ
sports
|core_vocabulary
例文
- He was given a two-minute penalty for tripping another player.
- The referee awarded a penalty kick after the foul.
- A penalty shot was given when the defender held the attacker’s stick.
学習者向け例文
- The player got a penalty for hitting another player.
- He scored from the penalty kick.
- She got a two-minute penalty in the game.
文法
表現
pay the penalty
1/pˈeɪ ðə pˈɛnəlti/
idiom
suffer consequences of wrongdoing
To suffer because of something bad you did.
例文
- He ignored the safety rules and paid the penalty when he got injured.
- If you cheat, you will pay the penalty sooner or later.
penalty kick
1/pˈɛnəlti kˈɪk/
fixed phrase
soccer free kick from penalty spot
In soccer, a free shot at goal from the penalty spot after a foul in the box.
例文
- The referee awarded a penalty kick after the defender fouled the striker.
- He scored from the penalty kick to win the game.
penalty shootout
1/pˈɛnəlti ʃˈutaʊt/
fixed phrase
soccer tiebreaker with penalties
In soccer, when each team takes turns shooting from the penalty spot to decide who wins after a tie.
例文
- The match ended in a 1-1 draw and went to a penalty shootout.
- They won the championship after a tense penalty shootout.