penetrate
gb/pˈɛnətɹˌeɪt/ us/pˈɛnətɹˌeɪt/
B2
英語
~ 6500
語義
0件の語義
動詞
B2
action
1
go into or through something
To go into or through something, especially when it is hard or thick.
用法パターン：
to penetrate [something]
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes use *penetrate* when *enter* is more natural in everyday speech (e.g., saying "We penetrated the house" instead of "We went into the house"). Use *penetrate* when the idea of going through a surface or barrier is important, especially in technical, military, or scientific contexts.
類義語
pierce (Often suggests a sharp point making a small but deep hole.)
対義語
bounce off (Emphasizes that something hits a surface but does not go through it.)
コロケーション
penetrate the surface
|penetrate the wall
|penetrate armor
|penetrate the skin
|penetrate deep into [something]
|penetrate the soil
テーマ
physics
|war
|nature
|core_vocabulary
例文
- The bullet failed to penetrate the body armor.
- Tree roots can penetrate concrete over many years.
- The needle penetrated the skin with a quick, sharp sting.
- Only a few rays of light managed to penetrate the thick curtains.
- The drill bit easily penetrated the metal plate.
学習者向け例文
- The nail did not penetrate the wood.
- Sunlight could not penetrate the dark clouds.
- Their tanks quickly penetrated the weak wall.
- The knife penetrated the soft fruit.
- Water can penetrate the ground after heavy rain.
動詞
C1
action
2
enter a group, area, or market
To get into a place, group, or market so you can act there or sell things there, often when it is not easy.
用法パターン：
to penetrate [a market / an organization / an area]
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes say "enter to the market" instead of "enter the market" or "penetrate the market". Do not use a preposition after *penetrate* in this sense: say "penetrate the market", not "penetrate into the market" in business contexts.
類義語
break into (Informal business term that focuses on entering a new field or market, often after effort.)
対義語
withdraw from (Describes leaving or pulling out of a market, area, or activity, the opposite of entering it.)
コロケーション
penetrate the market
|penetrate new markets
|penetrate the mainstream
|penetrate enemy lines
|penetrate the community
|penetrate foreign markets
テーマ
business
|politics
|work
例文
- The company has struggled to penetrate the American market.
- Government agents finally managed to penetrate the criminal network.
- Their music took years to penetrate the mainstream audience.
- Hackers attempted to penetrate the bank’s internal systems.
- Rebel forces were unable to penetrate the heavily guarded city center.
学習者向け例文
- The firm wants to penetrate the Asian market.
- Spies tried to penetrate the enemy group.
- It is hard for small brands to penetrate this market.
- New businesses find it difficult to penetrate the industry.
- The virus did not penetrate the secure network.
動詞
C1
action
3
understand or discover deeply
To understand something very well, especially when it is difficult or secret.
用法パターン：
to penetrate [a mystery / someone's mind / a problem]
よくある間違い：
Learners may overuse this formal verb instead of simpler words like *understand* or *figure out*. Use *penetrate* mainly in formal or serious contexts, such as academic writing or deep analysis, not in everyday talk like "I penetrated the joke" (say "I understood the joke").
類義語
grasp (Common and slightly simpler; focuses on successfully understanding, without the idea of uncovering secrets.)
対義語
misunderstand (Indicates a failure to understand correctly, the opposite of deep or accurate understanding.)
コロケーション
penetrate the mystery
|penetrate the truth
|penetrate the mind
|penetrate the problem
|penetrate beneath the surface
|penetrate the complexities
テーマ
thinking
|science
|education
|core_vocabulary
例文
- The book tries to penetrate the psychology of violent criminals.
- It took years of research to penetrate the mysteries of the human genome.
- Her analysis really penetrates the core of the issue.
- Few outsiders can penetrate the complex rules of this tradition.
- The journalist’s questions were sharp enough to penetrate his carefully prepared answers.
学習者向け例文
- Scientists are trying to penetrate the mystery of the brain.
- His study helps us penetrate the problem of poverty.
- The movie does not really penetrate the reasons for the war.
- I could not penetrate the meaning of the poem.
- Her questions penetrate the heart of the issue.
動詞
C1
action
4
enter someone's body during sex
To go inside someone's body with the penis or another object during sex.
用法パターン：
to penetrate [someone / a body part]
よくある間違い：
Learners may not realize that *penetrate* has a specific, often clinical meaning in sexual contexts and might use more informal or vulgar words instead. Also, do not say "penetrate into her" in this sense; simply use "penetrate her" or "penetrate the body".
類義語
have intercourse with (A more general and somewhat more formal expression; does not focus only on the action of entering the body.)
対義語
abstain from intercourse (Focuses on not engaging in sexual activity that would involve penetration.)
コロケーション
penetrate the vagina
|penetrate the body
|unable to penetrate
|penetrate her sexually
|penetrate him with a finger
テーマ
sex
|health
|relationships
|body
例文
- He was unable to penetrate her without causing pain, so they stopped.
- In some cases, the penis may not fully penetrate the vagina.
- The doctor explained that the object had penetrated the body during sexual activity.
- The law defines rape as any act in which a person is penetrated without consent.
- They chose to be intimate without him penetrating her.
学習者向け例文
- The doctor asked if her partner had penetrated her.
- He did not penetrate her because she said no.
- The object accidentally penetrated his body during sex.
- The book explains what it means to penetrate a partner.
- They had sex, but he did not penetrate her.
動詞
C1
event
5
be strongly felt through barrier
When light, sound, cold, or a smell goes through something and is strongly felt on the other side.
用法パターン：
to [light/sound/cold/smell] penetrate [a place / a barrier]
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes say "go inside strongly" or "pass strongly" instead of using *penetrate* for things like cold or smell. Also, avoid overusing this formal word in very casual speech when simpler verbs like *get through* or *come in* are enough.
類義語
permeate (Often used especially for smells or feelings spreading through something, with less focus on a barrier.)
対義語
be shut out (Emphasizes that light, sound, cold, or smell does not get through a barrier.)
コロケーション
cold penetrated his coat
|the smell penetrated the whole house
|the sound penetrated the walls
|sunlight penetrated the clouds
|the noise penetrated my sleep
テーマ
weather
|senses
|daily life
|core_vocabulary
|nature
例文
- A bitter wind penetrated his thin jacket.
- The smell of smoke penetrated every room in the building.
- Her scream penetrated the thick walls of the old house.
- A single beam of light penetrated the dark cave.
- The music was so loud it penetrated my dreams.
学習者向け例文
- The cold penetrated my coat and I started to shake.
- The strong smell of garlic penetrated the small kitchen.
- Loud voices penetrated the closed door.
- Bright light penetrated the room through a small window.
- The noise penetrated my sleep and woke me up.
文法
辞書形
penetrate
IPA
GB/pˈɛnətɹˌeɪt/
US/pˈɛnətɹˌeɪt/
音節・強勢
pen - et - rate （3音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (pen)
活用形
Verb
- Base: penetrate
- 3rd Person Singular: penetrates
- Present Participle: penetrating
- Past: penetrated
関連語
Forms
penetrates
verb
penetrating
verb
penetrated
verb
Core family
penetration
noun B2
Related words
penetrable
adjective
Negative and opposite forms
impenetrable
adjective C1
Advanced or less common
penetrative
adjective
impenetrability
noun
表現
penetrate the defenses
1/pˈɛnətɹˌeɪt ðə dɪfˈɛnsɪz/
fixed phrase
break through defenses or protection
To get past walls, guards, or security systems that are meant to stop attacks.
例文
- The attackers were unable to penetrate the city’s defenses.
- The new software is designed to prevent hackers from penetrating the defenses of the network.
penetrate the fog
1/pˈɛnətɹˌeɪt ðə fˈɔɡ/
fixed phrase
literary
go through thick fog
To go through thick fog so that you can see or move past it.
例文
- The car’s headlights barely penetrated the fog.
- A lighthouse beam penetrated the fog and guided the ship to safety.
penetrate the market
1/pˈɛnətɹˌeɪt ðə mˈɑɹkɪt/
fixed phrase
successfully enter a market
To start selling products or services in a market and gain some customers there.
例文
- The startup hopes to penetrate the European market within two years.
- It took decades for the brand to penetrate the rural market.