presume
gb/pɹɪzˈum/ us/pɹɪzˈum/
B2
英語
~ 4500
語義
0件の語義
動詞
B2
action
1
Assume something without proof
To think something is true without being sure.
用法パターン：
to presume [that] [something]
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes confuse 'presume' with 'assume', but 'presume' can sound slightly more formal or imply some basis for the belief.
類義語
assume (Very close in meaning, though 'assume' can sound slightly less formal than 'presume'.)
|
suppose (Less formal and often used in everyday speech for uncertain ideas.)
対義語
verify (Means to check or prove something is true, which is the opposite of presuming.)
コロケーション
presume innocence
|presume guilt
|presume consent
|presume competence
テーマ
thinking
|communication
|law
|core_vocabulary
例文
- I presume you have finished the report.
- She presumed he was telling the truth.
- We must not presume the outcome before the vote.
- They presumed the meeting would be canceled because of the storm.
学習者向け例文
- I presume he is at work.
- She presumes the shop will open today.
- We presume it will rain tomorrow.
- They presume she can speak French.
動詞
formal
C1
action
2
Do something without right
To do something you should not do because you do not have the right or permission.
用法パターン：
to presume to [do something]
よくある間違い：
Learners may not recognize that 'presume' here expresses disapproval of overstepping limits.
類義語
dare (Implies boldness in doing something one has no right to do.)
|
take liberties (Informal phrase meaning to overstep proper limits.)
対義語
refrain (Means to hold back from doing something, opposite of presuming in this sense.)
コロケーション
presume to judge
|presume to speak for
|presume too much
テーマ
social
|etiquette
|law
|relationships
|core_vocabulary
例文
- He presumed to give advice on a subject he knew little about.
- I wouldn't presume to tell you how to run your business.
- She presumed to speak on behalf of the entire group.
学習者向け例文
- I would not presume to tell you what to do.
- He presumed to give orders to his boss.
- She presumed to speak for the class.
動詞
formal
B2
action
3
Legally assume as true
In legal situations, to treat something as true until it is proved wrong.
用法パターン：
to presume [someone/something] [adjective] until [condition]
よくある間違い：
Learners may not realize this meaning is specific to formal or legal contexts and not for everyday guesses.
類義語
deem (In legal language, means to consider something in a certain way officially.)
対義語
disprove (To show that an assumption or presumption is false.)
コロケーション
presumed innocent
|presumed dead
テーマ
law
例文
- A person is presumed innocent until proven guilty.
- The missing sailors are presumed dead after weeks with no contact.
- Under the law, a child under ten is presumed incapable of committing certain crimes.
学習者向け例文
- He is presumed innocent until proven guilty.
- The man is presumed dead after the accident.
- They are presumed safe by the police.
文法
辞書形
presume
IPA
GB/pɹɪzˈum/
US/pɹɪzˈum/
音節・強勢
pre - sume （2音節）
Stress on 2nd syllable (sume)
活用形
Verb
- Base: presume
- 3rd Person Singular: presumes
- Present Participle: presuming
- Past: presumed
関連語
Forms
presumes
verb
presuming
verb
presumed
verb
Core family
presumption
noun C1
presumably
adverb B2
Related words
presumptuous
adjective
Advanced or less common
presumptive
adjective
表現
if I may presume
1/ˈɪf ˈaɪ mˈeɪ pɹɪzˈum/
fixed phrase
formal
Politely suggest beyond authority
A polite way to start saying something that might be too bold or outside your role.
例文
- If I may presume, I think we should consider another option.
- If I may presume, perhaps you could try speaking directly to her.
presume innocence
1/pɹɪzˈum ˈɪnəsəns/
fixed phrase
formal
Assume someone is not guilty
To treat someone as not guilty until there is proof they did something wrong.
例文
- The court must presume innocence in all cases until evidence proves guilt.
- We should always presume innocence before making accusations.
presume upon someone's kindness
1/pɹɪzˈum əpˈɑn sˈʌmwˌʌnz kˈaɪndnəs/
fixed phrase
formal
Take advantage of kindness
To use someone's kindness too much or in a way that is not fair.
例文
- I don't want to presume upon your kindness by asking for yet another favor.
- He presumed upon their hospitality by staying far longer than invited.