to
gb/tə/ us/tə/
A1
英語
語義
0件の語義
particle
A1
rule
1
marks the infinitive verb form
Use to before a verb: to go, to eat, to study.
用法パターン：
to + [base verb]
よくある間違い：
Leaving out to after verbs like want/need/plan, or adding to after modal verbs (e.g., *can to go). Also confusing to with too/two in spelling.
コロケーション
want to
|need to
|like to
|try to
|plan to
|decide to
|to be
|to do
|to get
|to make
テーマ
grammar
例文
- I need to call you later.
- They decided to stay home.
- It’s hard to focus when you’re tired.
学習者向け例文
- I want to learn English.
- We need to go now.
preposition
A1
relation
2
toward a place or destination
Use to for where someone or something goes.
用法パターン：
[go/come/travel/drive] to [place]
よくある間違い：
Using to with home incorrectly (*go to home); usually say go home (no to).
類義語
toward (Often emphasizes direction rather than arrival.)
対義語
from (Marks the starting point rather than the destination.)
コロケーション
go to school
|go to work
|come to me
|drive to the airport
|walk to the station
|move to a new city
|return to
|head to
|get to
|take [something] to [place]
テーマ
travel
|daily_life
例文
- We went to the museum on Saturday.
- Can you take this box to the car?
- She ran to the door.
学習者向け例文
- I go to school by bus.
- Please come to my house.
preposition
A1
relation
3
toward a person as receiver
Use to for the person who gets something or who you speak to.
用法パターン：
[give/send/show/say] [something] to [someone]
よくある間違い：
Mixing up to and for (give it to her = she receives it; do it for her = it helps her).
コロケーション
talk to
|speak to
|listen to
|say to
|explain to
|give to
|send to
|write to
|show to
|lend to
テーマ
communication
|social
例文
- I sent the photos to my mom.
- Please explain the rules to me again.
- He apologized to his teacher.
学習者向け例文
- I gave the key to Sara.
- She talked to her friend.
preposition
A2
relation
4
marks the end of a range
Use to for the ending point in a range.
用法パターン：
from [start] to [end] | [start] to [end]
よくある間違い：
Using until when a start point is given (from Monday to Friday, not *from Monday until Friday in many contexts).
類義語
until (Common when only an end time is mentioned (wait until Friday).)
対義語
from (Marks the beginning of the range.)
コロケーション
from A to B
|from Monday to Friday
|from 9 to 5
|from 0 to 10
|from start to finish
|range from ... to ...
|up to (maximum)
|open 10 to 6
|ages 18 to 25
|pages 10 to 20
テーマ
time
|numbers
例文
- The shop is open from 10 to 6.
- The temperature dropped from 12 to 3 degrees.
- Read pages 15 to 30 before class.
学習者向け例文
- I work from 9 to 5.
- The numbers go from 1 to 10.
preposition
A2
relation
5
minutes before a stated hour
Ten to five = 4:50.
用法パターン：
[minutes] to [hour]
よくある間違い：
Confusing to and past (ten to five is 4:50; ten past five is 5:10).
コロケーション
five to
|ten to
|a quarter to
|twenty to
|three minutes to
テーマ
time
|daily_life
例文
- It’s ten to five—let’s leave now.
- At a quarter to eight, the meeting started.
- The train arrives at five to noon.
学習者向け例文
- It is five to six.
- It is a quarter to three.
preposition
B1
relation
6
in relation or response to
Use to to show how one thing is connected to another.
用法パターン：
[noun] to [noun/pronoun]
よくある間違い：
Overusing of instead of to after certain nouns (solution to a problem, not *solution of a problem).
類義語
regarding (Works mainly with topics (regarding the plan), not with many fixed noun patterns (solution to).)
コロケーション
solution to
|answer to
|reaction to
|response to
|access to
|damage to
|risk to
|threat to
|key to
|reference to
テーマ
communication
|work
|daily_life
例文
- We need a solution to this problem.
- Her reaction to the news surprised me.
- The storm caused damage to the roof.
学習者向け例文
- I don’t know the answer to this question.
- This is the key to the door.
preposition
B1
relation
7
expresses a ratio or comparison
Three to one = 3:1.
用法パターン：
[number] to [number]
よくある間違い：
Confusing a ratio (three to one) with subtraction or with percentages.
コロケーション
two to one
|three to one
|odds of ... to ...
|a ratio of ... to ...
|won ... to ...
|lost ... to ...
テーマ
numbers
|sports
例文
- They won the game 3 to 1.
- The vote was 62 to 38 in favor of the proposal.
- The ratio of sugar to flour matters in this recipe.
学習者向け例文
- The score was 2 to 0.
- Mix water to rice in a 2 to 1 ratio.
preposition
B2
process
8
reaching a particular final state
Use to to show the final result (to a stop, to a boil).
用法パターン：
[verb] to + [result/state]
よくある間違い：
Using into in fixed patterns where English prefers to (come to a stop, not *come into a stop).
コロケーション
come to a stop
|bring to a close
|bring to a boil
|reduce to
|cut to size
|drive to distraction
|tear to pieces
|beat to death
|polish to a shine
|work to completion
テーマ
daily_life
|cooking
例文
- Bring the soup to a boil, then lower the heat.
- The bus came to a stop outside the station.
- They cut the paper to the right size.
学習者向け例文
- The car came to a stop.
- Bring the water to a boil.
文法
辞書形
to
IPA
GB/tə/
US/tə/
音節・強勢
to （1音節）
活用形
Noun
- Base: to
- Plural: tos
表現
to and fro
1/tə ˈænd fɹˈoʊ/
idiom
back and forth
To and fro means “back and forth.”
例文
- People were rushing to and fro in the station.
- The boat rocked to and fro on the water.
- After days of emails back and forth—messages to and fro—we finally agreed.
to be fair
1/tə bˈi fˈɛɹ/
fixed phrase
said to acknowledge another side
Use this before a balanced or kind comment.
例文
- To be fair, he did warn us it might take longer.
- She was upset, but to be fair, we were late.
- To be fair, the instructions weren’t very clear.
to be honest
1/tə bˈi ˈɑnɪst/
fixed phrase
Introducing a truthful statement
Used before saying what you really think or feel.
例文
- To be honest, I don't like this movie much.
- To be honest, I was surprised by the result.
to be honest
1/tə bˈi ˈɑnɪst/
fixed phrase
said to be frank
Use this to say your true opinion.
例文
- To be honest, I don’t really like this movie.
- I’m tired, to be honest.
- To be honest, I forgot about the meeting.
to be honest
2/tə bˈi ˈɑnɪst/
fixed phrase
introducing a frank statement
used before you say something that is true, especially if it may be surprising, very direct, or not polite.
例文
- To be honest, I don't really like this restaurant.
- It wasn't a great game, to be honest.
- To be honest, I was scared when the plane started to shake.
to be honest
3/tə bˈi ˈɑnɪst/
fixed phrase
introducing a truthful statement
Used before saying something that is true, even if it may be surprising or not what someone wants to hear.
例文
- To be honest, I didn’t enjoy the party.
- I was a bit nervous, to be honest.
to date
1/tə dˈeɪt/
fixed phrase
until now
To date means “until now.”
例文
- To date, we’ve had no complaints.
- This is her best performance to date.
- No one has solved the issue to date.
to go
1/tə ɡˈoʊ/
fixed phrase
for takeout; not eaten here
If you order coffee to go, you take it with you.
例文
- Can I get a latte to go, please?
- We ordered two burgers to go.
- This place does breakfast to go.
to the best of my knowledge
1/tə ðə bˈɛst əv mˈaɪ nˈɑlɪd͡ʒ/
fixed phrase
as far as I know
Used to say that you think something is true based on what you know, but you are not completely sure.
例文
- To the best of my knowledge, the meeting starts at 3 p.m.
- To the best of my knowledge, she still lives in New York.
to the best of my knowledge
1/tə ðə bˈɛst əv mˈaɪ nˈɑlɪd͡ʒ/
fixed phrase
formal
as far as I know
Use this to say something is true based on what you know.
例文
- To the best of my knowledge, the files were sent yesterday.
- To the best of my knowledge, no one has reported a problem.
- To the best of my knowledge, he isn’t working there anymore.
to the point
1/tə ðə pˈɔɪnt/
fixed phrase
direct and relevant
If you are to the point, you speak directly.
例文
- Please keep your answer to the point.
- Her emails are always brief and to the point.
- He got straight to the point and asked for help.
up to
1/ˈʌp tə/
fixed phrase
someone’s responsibility or decision
If it’s up to you, you decide.
例文
- It’s up to you whether we leave now or later.
- It’s up to the manager to approve the budget.
- The final decision is up to them.