Spotlight / Focus
Focus
Emphasis
Cleft
Contrastive focus
What is the most important new information?
booster
intermediate
Information structure
의미
The part of the message that carries the main emphasis, contrast, correction, or answer to the current question.
알아보는 방법
Ask which part would be stressed or corrected in context.
예시
단어
only|even|it was|not X but Y
구문
it was Anna who|ANNA did it|only Peter
문장
Anna bought the book, not Peter.
Visual guide
Basic shape
Message = background + focus Who bought the book? background: bought the book FOCUS: Anna Anna bought the book. = Anna, not Peter
Compare shape
Same focus, many shapes Stress: ANNA did it Cleft: it was Anna who... Particle: only Peter Contrast: not X but Y Word order/focus slot may mark it Task: find the spotlight
언어별 보기
모국어에서는
Korean (South Korean standard)
드러나는 정도
strong
중요도
Focus can be marked by 이/가, particles such as 만/도, word order, and intonation.
제가 했어요.
I did it.
학습 언어에서는
Bengali (standard)
드러나는 정도
strong
난이도
Focus can be shown by stress, word order and particles such as -ই.
আমি-ই কাজটা করেছি।
I myself did the work.
자주 하는 실수
Learners may miss the strong exclusive/corrective force of -ই.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.