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Engleză

sanitation

gb/sˌænɪtˈeɪʃən/ us/sˌænɪtˈeɪʃən/
B2 Engleză
~ 8400
Sensuri
0 sensuri
Substantiv B2 entity
1

public health systems for cleanliness

The systems in a town or country that give people clean water and safely remove human waste and garbage so people do not get sick.

Tipar de utilizare: access to [adjective] sanitation in [a place]
Greșeală frecventă:
Learners sometimes use *sanitation* to talk only about cleaning a room or washing hands. In this main sense it is usually about larger public systems and conditions (water supply, toilets, sewers, garbage collection) for a whole community or country. For everyday cleaning of a house or hands, *cleaning* or *hygiene* is usually better.
Sinonime
public health infrastructure (More formal and technical; highlights the organized systems, not just cleanliness.) | waste management (Focuses more on handling waste, and less on water supply and overall health conditions.)
Antonime
unsanitary conditions (Describes a situation where water, waste, and living conditions are unsafe for health.) | poor hygiene (Emphasizes a lack of cleanliness and health practices rather than organized systems.)
Colocații
water and sanitation |basic sanitation |public sanitation |sanitation system |sanitation services |sanitation infrastructure
Teme
health |environment |infrastructure |public_policy |housing |core_vocabulary
Exemple
  • Many rural communities still lack access to basic sanitation and clean drinking water.
  • The government invested heavily in sanitation to reduce the spread of waterborne diseases.
  • Improved sanitation and vaccination programs have dramatically lowered child mortality rates.
  • International aid organizations are working to rebuild the water and sanitation infrastructure after the flood.
  • Urban sanitation has not kept up with the city's rapidly growing population.
Exemple pentru cursanți
  • Good sanitation helps people stay healthy.
  • Some villages do not have safe sanitation for their homes.
  • The city is fixing its sanitation system to give everyone clean water.
  • Sanitation and clean water are very important after a big storm.
  • Many charities try to improve sanitation in poor countries.
Substantiv B2 action
2

cleaning and hygiene measures

The careful way a place, such as a kitchen or hospital, is cleaned and kept safe so that people do not get sick.

Tipar de utilizare: sanitation in [a place or setting]
Greșeală frecventă:
Learners sometimes think *sanitation* can replace *cleaning* in all situations. In this sense, *sanitation* usually suggests formal rules, standards, or health reasons, especially in places like restaurants, hospitals, and factories. For simple, everyday tasks, *cleaning* or *washing* is more natural.
Sinonime
hygiene (A broader, more general word for cleanliness and health practices; not limited to organized procedures.) | disinfection (More specific; focuses on killing germs, not all aspects of keeping a place clean and safe.)
Antonime
contamination (Describes the presence of harmful substances or germs where cleanliness and sanitation have failed.) | filth (Informal and stronger; emphasizes dirty, disgusting conditions with no proper sanitation.)
Colocații
food sanitation |hospital sanitation |sanitation standards |sanitation procedures |sanitation plan |sanitation inspection
Teme
health |food |work |daily_life |core_vocabulary
Exemple
  • The restaurant failed the health inspection because of poor kitchen sanitation.
  • Strict sanitation procedures are followed in the operating room to prevent infection.
  • Staff received training on food sanitation to reduce the risk of contamination.
  • Improving sanitation in the factory reduced employee illness and sick days.
  • Good sanitation and handwashing are essential in childcare centers.
Exemple pentru cursanți
  • Good sanitation in the kitchen stops people from getting sick.
  • The hospital has very strict sanitation rules.
  • We must follow sanitation procedures when we make food.
  • Poor sanitation in the cafe made some customers ill.
  • The manager checks the sanitation of the toilets every day.
Substantiv formal C1 entity
3

toilet and waste facilities

Toilets and other places or systems where human waste is safely taken away.

Tipar de utilizare: access to [adjective] sanitation for [someone]
Greșeală frecventă:
Learners may not realize that in development and health reports, *sanitation* often means toilets and waste systems, not just general cleanliness. Also, some learners incorrectly use *a sanitation* for a single toilet; instead use *a toilet*, *a latrine*, or *a sanitation facility*.
Sinonime
sanitary facilities (Very close in meaning; slightly more technical and often used in planning and development contexts.) | toilet facilities (More everyday and concrete; focuses only on toilets, not the wider waste system.)
Antonime
open defecation (A technical term for having no toilets at all, the opposite situation of having proper sanitation facilities.) | lack of sanitation (Directly describes the absence of toilet and waste facilities.)
Colocații
access to sanitation |improved sanitation |adequate sanitation |sanitation facilities |safe sanitation |on-site sanitation
Teme
health |infrastructure |daily_life |housing
Exemple
  • Millions of people still live without access to basic sanitation.
  • The new housing project includes improved sanitation for every household.
  • Emergency shelters must provide safe water and sanitation for all residents.
  • The report found that schools in rural areas often have no sanitation for girls.
  • Aid agencies are installing temporary sanitation in the refugee camp.
Exemple pentru cursanți
  • Many children in poor areas do not have good sanitation at school.
  • The camp needs clean water and sanitation for all families.
  • The new toilets give better sanitation to the village.
  • Good sanitation is important for women and girls.
  • They built simple toilets to improve sanitation in the village.
Gramatică
Forma de dicționar
sanitation
IPA
GB/sˌænɪtˈeɪʃən/
US/sˌænɪtˈeɪʃən/
Silabe și accent
san - it - a - tion (4 silabe)
Stress on 3rd syllable (a)
Forme ale cuvântului
Noun
  • Base: sanitation
  • Plural: sanitation
Familie de cuvinte
Core family
sanitary adjective B2 sanitize verb sanitizer noun
Negative and opposite forms
unsanitary adjective
Advanced or less common
sanitization noun C1
Expresii

basic sanitation

1
/bˈeɪsɪk sˌænɪtˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase formal

minimum level of sanitation

The lowest level of toilets and waste services that is still considered safe and acceptable for health.

Exemple
  • Many households still lack basic sanitation, such as a simple toilet.
  • The project aims to provide basic sanitation to every village in the region.

food sanitation

1
/fˈud sˌænɪtˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase technical

sanitation for food handling

The rules and actions used to keep food and kitchens clean and safe so that food does not make people sick.

Exemple
  • All employees must complete a course in food sanitation before working in the kitchen.
  • Poor food sanitation in the market led to an outbreak of food poisoning.

improved sanitation

1
/ɪmpɹˈuvd sˌænɪtˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase formal

safer form of sanitation

Sanitation with toilets and waste systems that safely keep human waste away from people, so that they are less likely to get sick.

Exemple
  • According to the report, 60% of the population now has access to improved sanitation.
  • Improved sanitation has led to a sharp drop in cases of diarrhea among children.

sanitation department

1
/sˌænɪtˈeɪʃən dɪpˈɑɹtmənt/
fixed phrase

government office for sanitation

The part of a city or town government that manages garbage collection, street cleaning, and sometimes sewers.

Exemple
  • The sanitation department announced a new schedule for garbage pickup.
  • Residents were asked to report illegal dumping to the city's sanitation department.

sanitation facilities

1
/sˌænɪtˈeɪʃən fəsˈɪlɪtiz/
fixed phrase formal

physical toilets and systems

The toilets, sinks, and other buildings or systems that people use to safely get rid of human waste.

Exemple
  • Temporary sanitation facilities were installed after the earthquake.
  • Schools must provide separate sanitation facilities for boys and girls.

sanitation services

1
/sˌænɪtˈeɪʃən sˈɚvɪsɪz/
fixed phrase formal

organized sanitation for people

The work and systems that give people toilets, garbage collection, and other sanitation support.

Exemple
  • Refugees in the camp depend on humanitarian agencies for sanitation services.
  • Local authorities are responsible for providing basic sanitation services to all citizens.

sanitation worker

1
/sˌænɪtˈeɪʃən wˈɚkɚ/
fixed phrase

person who collects waste

A person whose job is to collect garbage or clean streets and public places to keep the city clean and healthy.

Exemple
  • Sanitation workers went on strike to demand higher wages and better safety equipment.
  • We should respect sanitation workers for the difficult and important work they do.

water and sanitation

1
/wˈɔtɚ ˈænd sˌænɪtˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase formal

combined water and sanitation services

The public services and systems that give people safe water and proper toilets and waste removal.

Exemple
  • The charity focuses on improving water and sanitation in rural communities.
  • Access to safe water and sanitation is a basic human right.
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