abject
gb/ˈæbd͡ʒɛkt/ us/ˈæbd͡ʒɛkt/
C1
Английский
nyomorúságos, teljes, csúfos, megalázkodó, szolgalelkű
C1
FORMAL
1
nyomorúságos
B2
Модель употребления:
abject + [poverty/misery/squalor]
Many families lived in abject poverty after the factory closed.
A gyár bezárása után sok család mélyszegénységben élt.
The report described abject conditions in the overcrowded camps.
A jelentés nyomorúságos körülményeket írt le a túlzsúfolt táborokban.
He had been reduced to abject misery by years of illness and debt.
Примеры для изучающих
Some people live in abject poverty.
Vannak, akik mélyszegénységben élnek.
The refugees faced abject conditions.
A menekültek nyomorúságos körülményekkel szembesültek.
Частая ошибка:
Do not confuse abject with object; abject is an adjective meaning 'extremely bad' or 'miserable.'
Значение
extremely poor and miserable
Коллокации
abject poverty
|abject misery
|abject squalor
|abject destitution
|abject conditions
|abject hardship
Синонимы
destitute (focuses on having no money or possessions.)
|
wretched (emphasizes deep unhappiness and suffering.)
|
miserable (more general; less intense and less formal.)
Антонимы
prosperous (having money and success rather than severe poverty.)
|
comfortable (free from hardship and severe suffering.)
Темы
hardship
|poverty
|emotions
|society
Определение
very poor, very unhappy, and in a terrible situation
Extremely bad and difficult, especially because of severe poverty, suffering, or misery.
C1
FORMAL
2
Модель употребления:
abject + [failure/defeat/disaster/humiliation]
The project ended in abject failure.
A projekt teljes kudarcba fulladt.
Their team suffered an abject defeat at home.
A csapat hazai pályán csúfos vereséget szenvedett.
It was an abject disaster from the very first day.
Примеры для изучающих
The plan was an abject failure.
A terv teljes kudarc volt.
They had an abject defeat.
Csúfos vereséget szenvedtek.
Частая ошибка:
Abject usually intensifies negative nouns (failure, defeat, humiliation); it is not used for positive ideas (not *abject success*).
Значение
complete and total (very bad)
Коллокации
abject failure
|abject defeat
|abject disaster
|abject humiliation
|abject embarrassment
|abject panic
|abject confusion
|abject apology
Синонимы
utter (common intensifier; less formal than abject.)
|
total (neutral emphasis on completeness, not necessarily shame.)
|
complete (emphasizes fullness; can be less emotionally charged.)
Антонимы
qualified (not complete; limited in extent.)
|
partial (only in part, not total.)
Темы
evaluation
|business
|sports
|emotions
Определение
used to say something is completely bad or unsuccessful
Complete and total, used to emphasize how bad, shameful, or unsuccessful something is.
C2
FORMAL
3
megalázkodó
C1
szolgalelkű
C1
Модель употребления:
abject + [submission/obedience/servility]
She refused to show abject submission to her boss.
Nem volt hajlandó megalázkodó engedelmességet tanúsítani a főnökével szemben.
His abject obedience made everyone uncomfortable.
Szolgalelkű engedelmessége mindenkit feszélyezett.
The leader demanded not cooperation but abject loyalty.
Примеры для изучающих
He would not give abject obedience.
Nem volt hajlandó szolgalelkű engedelmességet tanúsítani.
She hated his abject submission.
Utálta a megalázkodó behódolását.
Частая ошибка:
Abject in this sense is negative; it criticizes behavior as humiliating, not politely respectful.
Значение
shamefully submissive or servile
Коллокации
abject submission
|abject obedience
|abject servility
|abject deference
|abject dependence
Синонимы
servile (directly means overly obedient, often to gain advantage.)
|
cringing (suggests fearful, self-protective submission.)
|
groveling (emphasizes begging or humiliating oneself.)
Антонимы
proud (showing self-respect rather than degradation.)
|
defiant (resisting authority instead of submitting.)
Темы
relationships
|emotions
|society
|power
Определение
too obedient in a way that seems shameful
Showing a lack of pride or courage in a way that seems degrading, especially by being too willing to obey or please someone.
Грамматика
Словарная форма
abject
IPA
GB/ˈæbd͡ʒɛkt/
US/ˈæbd͡ʒɛkt/
Слоги и ударение
ab - ject (2 слога)
Stress on 1st syllable (ab)
Формы слова
Adjective
- Base: abject
Родственные слова
Core family
abjectly
adverb
Advanced or less common
abjection
noun
Выражения
abject defeat
1/æbd͡ʒˈɛkt dɪfˈit/
fixed phrase
formal
humiliating loss
a very bad, total loss
Примеры
- The champion suffered an abject defeat in the final.
- It was an abject defeat that shocked the fans.
- They turned a likely win into an abject defeat with simple mistakes.
Примеры для изучающих
- They suffered an abject defeat.
abject failure
1/æbd͡ʒˈɛkt fˈeɪljɚ/
fixed phrase
formal
complete failure
a total failure
Примеры
- The marketing campaign was an abject failure.
- Negotiations ended in abject failure after weeks of talks.
- Their attempt to fix the problem turned into an abject failure.
Примеры для изучающих
- The plan was an abject failure.
abject humiliation
1/æbd͡ʒˈɛkt hjumˌɪliˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
extreme humiliation
extreme embarrassment and shame
Примеры
- He described the incident as a moment of abject humiliation.
- Publicly correcting her like that caused abject humiliation.
- They feared abject humiliation if the plan failed.
Примеры для изучающих
- He felt abject humiliation.
abject misery
1/æbd͡ʒˈɛkt mˈɪzɚi/
fixed phrase
formal
extreme suffering and unhappiness
extreme unhappiness and suffering
Примеры
- After the war, many people lived in abject misery.
- The novel portrays the abject misery of life in the slums.
- He sank into abject misery when he lost his job and home.
Примеры для изучающих
- They lived in abject misery.
abject poverty
1/æbd͡ʒˈɛkt pˈɑvɚti/
fixed phrase
formal
extreme poverty
extremely severe poverty
Примеры
- The charity works with children living in abject poverty.
- They escaped abject poverty through education and steady work.
- The documentary showed whole communities trapped in abject poverty.
Примеры для изучающих
- Some families live in abject poverty.
abject submission
1/æbd͡ʒˈɛkt sʌbmˈɪʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
shameful submission
being too obedient in a shameful way
Примеры
- The regime demanded abject submission from the press.
- She would not accept abject submission as the price of peace.
- His apology sounded like abject submission rather than regret.