cull
gb/kˈʌl/ us/kˈʌl/
C1
Английский
kiválogat, kiszűr, ritkít, leöl, kigyűjt, merít, állományritkítás, selejtállat, szed, leszed
ГЛАГОЛ
C1
1
Модель употребления:
cull [items/people] (from [group/list])
We culled the list of applicants down to ten finalists.
A jelentkezők listáját tíz döntősre szűkítettük.
The editor culled several repetitive paragraphs from the draft.
A szerkesztő több ismétlődő bekezdést kihúzott a kéziratból.
The museum is culling damaged items from its storage collection.
Примеры для изучающих
I culled the photos and deleted the blurry ones.
Átválogattam a fotókat, és töröltem az elmosódottakat.
They culled the list to five names.
Öt névre szűkítették a listát.
Частая ошибка:
Don’t confuse cull (/kʌl/) with call (/kɔːl/) or cull with kill in every context.
Значение
remove the unwanted from a group
Коллокации
cull the list
|cull names
|cull candidates
|cull applications
|cull outdated books
|cull weak ideas
|cull unnecessary details
|cull low performers
|cull items from the catalog
|cull the collection
Синонимы
weed out (Emphasizes removing the bad or unsuitable.)
|
eliminate (More general; can sound more formal or final.)
Антонимы
keep (Means not removing items from the group.)
|
include (Means adding or retaining rather than removing.)
Темы
work
|education
|daily_life
|selection
Определение
To take out the ones you don’t want from a group.
To remove things or people that are not needed or not good enough from a larger group, leaving a smaller or better set.
ГЛАГОЛ
C1
2
Модель употребления:
cull [animals] (to [purpose])
Officials ordered a cull of the infected poultry to stop the outbreak.
A járvány megfékezésére a hatóságok elrendelték a fertőzött baromfi leölését.
The park service culled deer to prevent overgrazing.
A park igazgatósága ritkította a szarvasállományt, hogy megelőzze a túllegelést.
Farmers may cull older animals when feed is scarce.
Примеры для изучающих
They culled some deer to reduce the population.
Néhány szarvast kilőttek, hogy csökkentsék az állományt.
Частая ошибка:
In this sense, cull usually means killing, not just choosing.
Значение
kill animals to reduce numbers
Коллокации
cull deer
|cull badgers
|cull the herd
|cull the flock
|mass cull
|humanely cull
|cull infected birds
|cull animals to control disease
|selectively cull
|government cull
Синонимы
slaughter (More direct and often harsher; not necessarily selective.)
|
thin (Often used for wildlife/forestry; focuses on reducing numbers.)
Антонимы
protect (Opposite goal: keep animals safe rather than kill them.)
|
conserve (Focuses on maintaining populations rather than reducing them.)
Темы
animals
|environment
|agriculture
|public_health
Определение
To kill some animals to control the population or disease.
To kill some animals in a herd or wild population in order to reduce numbers, improve herd quality, or control disease.
ГЛАГОЛ
C1
FORMAL
3
Модель употребления:
cull [information/quotes/data] from [sources]
The report culled data from three national surveys.
A jelentés három országos felmérésből merített adatokat.
Many of the examples were culled from real customer emails.
A példák közül sokat valódi ügyfél-e-mailekből gyűjtöttek össze.
She culled key quotations from dozens of articles.
Примеры для изучающих
He culled facts from several websites.
Több weboldalról gyűjtött ki tényeket.
Частая ошибка:
Common in passive form: 'be culled from' (= taken from).
Значение
gather information by selecting sources
Коллокации
cull information
|cull data
|cull statistics
|cull facts
|cull quotes
|cull insights
|cull details
|culled from reports
|culled from interviews
|culled from the internet
Синонимы
extract (Highlights pulling something out from within a source.)
|
compile (Emphasizes assembling selected material into one place.)
Антонимы
ignore (Means not using information from a source.)
|
invent (Means making up information rather than taking it from sources.)
Темы
information
|media
|research
|work
Определение
To take useful information from different sources.
To collect or extract useful pieces of information by selecting them from one or more sources.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
C1
4
Модель употребления:
a cull (of [animals])
A cull was announced after the disease was detected in the region.
Miután kimutatták a betegséget a térségben, állományritkítást jelentettek be.
The council approved a cull of deer in the overpopulated areas.
A tanács jóváhagyta a túlszaporodott területeken élő szarvasok ritkítását.
There was public protest against the planned cull.
Примеры для изучающих
They planned a cull of deer.
Szarvasállomány-ritkítást terveztek.
Значение
the act of reducing by removal
Коллокации
a deer cull
|an annual cull
|a targeted cull
|a selective cull
|a large-scale cull
|a government cull
|a cull of infected animals
|a cull program
|a cull policy
|a planned cull
Синонимы
reduction (General term; not necessarily selective.)
|
slaughter (Focuses on killing; may imply less selectivity.)
Антонимы
restocking (Adding animals/items rather than reducing them.)
|
increase (The opposite direction of change in size.)
Темы
animals
|environment
|agriculture
|selection
Определение
An organized removal (often killing) of some animals or items.
The process or event of removing selected members of a group, especially animals, to reduce the group or improve its overall quality.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
C2
TECHNICAL
5
selejtállat
C1
Модель употребления:
a cull; culls
The culls were separated from the main herd before winter.
A selejtállatokat a tél előtt elkülönítették a fő csordától.
Older cows are often sold as culls at the end of the season.
Az idősebb teheneket a szezon végén gyakran selejtállatként értékesítik.
The vet helped the farmer decide which animals were culls.
Значение
an animal removed from a herd
Коллокации
breeding cull
|cull cow
|cull ewes
|identify culls
|sell culls
|separate culls
|market culls
|culls at auction
|cull animals
|cull stock
Синонимы
reject (General word for something not accepted; not specific to animals.)
|
nonbreeder (Focuses specifically on breeding suitability.)
Антонимы
breeder (An animal kept for breeding, not removed.)
|
keeper (Informal; something chosen to be kept.)
Темы
animals
|agriculture
Определение
An animal chosen to be removed from a herd.
An animal that is selected to be removed from a herd or breeding group, often because it is old, sick, or not suitable for breeding.
ГЛАГОЛ
C2
LITERARY
6
Модель употребления:
cull [flowers/fruit] (from [place])
They culled wild berries along the trail.
Vad bogyókat szedegettek az ösvény mentén.
She culled a few roses from the garden for the table.
Leszedett néhány rózsát a kertből az asztalra.
Fresh herbs were culled from the planter outside the kitchen.
Значение
pick flowers or fruit
Коллокации
cull flowers
|cull roses
|cull blossoms
|cull herbs
|cull berries
|cull fruit
|cull wild berries
|cull from the garden
|cull from the hedgerow
|cull from the field
Синонимы
pick (Everyday word; less formal.)
|
gather (Often suggests collecting in quantity.)
Антонимы
plant (Opposite action: putting plants in rather than taking out.)
|
leave (Not taking the flowers/fruit.)
Темы
nature
|food
|daily_life
Определение
To pick flowers or fruit (literary).
To pick or gather something, especially flowers or fruit, from where it grows, often by selecting the best ones.
Грамматика
Словарная форма
cull
IPA
GB/kˈʌl/
US/kˈʌl/
Слоги и ударение
cull (1 слог)
Stress on 1st syllable (cull)
Формы слова
Noun
- Base: cull
- Plural: culls
Verb
- Base: cull
- 3rd Person Singular: culls
- Present Participle: culling
- Past: culled
Родственные слова
Выражения
cull and destroy
1/kˈʌl ˈænd dɪstɹˈɔɪ/
fixed phrase
technical
kill to stop disease spread
To kill animals to stop a disease spreading.
Примеры
- Veterinary authorities used a cull-and-destroy policy to contain the outbreak.
- The farm was required to cull and destroy all exposed birds.
- Officials defended the decision to cull and destroy the herd after the positive test.
cull out
1/kˈʌl ˈaʊt/
phrasal verb
remove as unsuitable
To take out the ones you don’t want.
Примеры
- We culled out duplicate records before analyzing the data.
- The coach culled out the weakest players during tryouts.
- She culled out the clothes she no longer wore.
Примеры для изучающих
- I culled out the old files.
cull the herd
1/kˈʌl ðə hˈɚd/
idiom
business
cut down a group’s numbers
To reduce a group by removing the weakest members.
Примеры
- The company decided to cull the herd and focus on its most profitable products.
- After the merger, management culled the herd of redundant roles.
- The program culled the herd by dropping the least active users.