dummy
gb/dˈʌmi/ us/dˈʌmi/
A2
Английский
~ 8600
hülye, tökfej, bábu, cumi, fiktív, teszt, makett, asztal, terített kéz, cselez, cselt csinál
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
A2
INFORMAL
1
Модель употребления:
call [someone] a dummy
I locked my keys in the car again—I'm such a dummy.
Már megint bezártam a kulcsaimat a kocsiba — mekkora hülye vagyok.
Don't be a dummy; save your work before you close the program.
Ne légy hülye; mentsd el a munkádat, mielőtt bezárod a programot.
He felt like a dummy when he realized the answer was on the first page.
Stop acting like a dummy and listen to what she's saying.
Примеры для изучающих
I was a dummy and forgot my passport.
Hülye voltam, és otthon felejtettem az útlevelemet.
Don't call your sister a dummy. It's rude.
Ne nevezd a lánytestvéredet hülyének. Ez udvariatlan.
He looked like a dummy when he asked the same question again.
She thinks she is a dummy at math, but she is not.
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes confuse this meaning with the object sense (a model or a toy). When talking about a person being stupid, "dummy" is usually used with a person: "He is a dummy," not "He is a dummy toy." Also, it is informal and can sound rude, so it should not be used in polite situations.
Значение
a stupid or silly person
Коллокации
you dummy
|such a dummy
|act like a dummy
|be a total dummy
Синонимы
idiot (Stronger and often ruder than "dummy"; sounds more insulting.)
Антонимы
genius (Describes someone extremely intelligent, the opposite of a "dummy".)
Темы
people
|insults
|emotions
|relationships
Определение
A person who seems stupid or does something very silly.
A person regarded as stupid, slow to understand, or behaving in a very foolish way.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
B1
2
bábu
B1
Модель употребления:
put clothes on a dummy
The dress looked amazing on the dummy in the shop window.
A ruha csodásan mutatott a kirakati bábun.
They practiced CPR on a dummy before working with real patients.
Újraélesztést gyakoroltak egy bábun, mielőtt valódi betegekkel dolgoztak volna.
A crash-test dummy is strapped into the car to measure the impact of the collision.
The designer pinned the fabric to a tailor's dummy to adjust the fit.
Примеры для изучающих
The new coat is on a dummy in the window.
Az új kabát egy bábun van a kirakatban.
Students use a dummy to learn how to help sick people.
A diákok bábun tanulják meg, hogyan segítsenek a beteg embereken.
The car company uses a dummy to test safety.
The tailor puts the jacket on a dummy to check the size.
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes think "dummy" in this sense only means a shop model. It also includes training models in medicine or safety and models used in crash tests.
Значение
life-sized model of a person
Коллокации
shop dummy
|store dummy
|tailor's dummy
|training dummy
|crash-test dummy
Синонимы
mannequin (More formal and common in written English, especially in fashion and retail.)
Антонимы
person (A real human being, as opposed to a model or dummy.)
Темы
shopping
|work
|science
|clothing
Определение
A full-size model of a person, used in shops, training, or tests.
A life-sized model of a human body used to display clothes, practice procedures, or test things.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
A2
3
cumi
A2
Модель употребления:
give [a baby] a dummy
The baby stopped crying as soon as she gave him his dummy.
A baba rögtön abbahagyta a sírást, amint odaadta neki a cumiját.
We forgot to pack a dummy, so the flight was very stressful.
Elfelejtettünk cumit csomagolni, ezért nagyon stresszes volt a repülőút.
She finally persuaded her daughter to sleep without a dummy.
He spat out his dummy and started screaming again.
Примеры для изучающих
The baby is quiet because he has a dummy.
A baba csendben van, mert cumi van a szájában.
She put the dummy in the baby's mouth.
Betette a cumit a baba szájába.
They want the child to stop using a dummy at night.
The baby cries when he loses his dummy.
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes use "dummy" for this meaning in American English contexts, where "pacifier" is the normal word. In the US, "dummy" is almost never used for a baby's pacifier.
Значение
baby's pacifier (BrE, AusE)
Коллокации
give the baby a dummy
|suck on a dummy
|spit out the dummy
|lose his dummy
Синонимы
pacifier (Standard term in American English; more common globally in written medical contexts.)
Антонимы
bottle (A bottle feeds a baby, while a dummy only comforts; often contrasted in childcare contexts.)
Темы
family
|children
|health
|daily_life
|body
Определение
A small rubber or plastic thing that a baby sucks to feel calm; in British and Australian English.
A rubber or plastic object given to a baby to suck for comfort instead of a bottle or thumb. Used mainly in British and Australian English.
B2
4
Модель употребления:
dummy [noun]
Use a dummy email address when you sign up for testing.
A teszteléshez használj fiktív e-mail-címet a regisztrációkor.
The designer created a dummy website to show the client the new layout.
A tervező létrehozott egy tesztweboldalt, hogy megmutassa az ügyfélnek az új elrendezést.
We filled the form with dummy data before the real system went live.
In the textbook, they use a dummy number to explain the formula.
Примеры для изучающих
Please use dummy names in this test.
Kérlek, ebben a tesztben fiktív neveket használjatok.
The company made a dummy app to show the idea.
A cég készített egy tesztalkalmazást, hogy bemutassa az ötletet.
We tried a dummy order before we used real money.
This is only dummy text, not the final article.
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes think "dummy" here means "stupid" because of the insult sense. In phrases like "dummy account" or "dummy data," it only means "not real" or "test," not "stupid."
Значение
fake or placeholder version
Коллокации
dummy account
|dummy variable
|dummy text
|dummy data
|dummy number
|dummy email address
Синонимы
fake ("Fake" is more general and can suggest dishonesty, while "dummy" usually means a neutral test or example version.)
Антонимы
real (Describes the actual thing, not a copy or placeholder.)
Темы
technology
|business
|education
|core_vocabulary
Определение
Not real, used as a copy or example for practice, tests, or plans.
Not real, and used instead of the real thing for practice, testing, planning, or to hide the real thing.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
B2
TECHNICAL
5
makett
B2
Модель употребления:
make a dummy of [something]
The art director asked for a dummy of the magazine before printing.
A művészeti vezető nyomtatás előtt kérte a magazin makettjét.
They built a cardboard dummy of the product to test the size and shape.
Kartonból készítettek egy makettet a termékről, hogy teszteljék a méretét és az alakját.
We showed the client a dummy of the website homepage.
The publisher approved the dummy and sent the book to press.
Примеры для изучающих
The designer made a dummy of the poster.
A tervező elkészítette a plakát makettjét.
This is just a dummy; the real product will be better.
Ez csak egy makett; a végleges termék jobb lesz.
Please check the dummy before we print 1,000 copies.
They use a paper dummy to plan the pages of the book.
Частая ошибка:
Learners may confuse this noun sense with the adjective use in "dummy text" or "dummy account." As a noun, "a dummy" is the whole sample object, not just any fake part.
Значение
practice or sample version
Коллокации
make a dummy
|rough dummy
|layout dummy
|book dummy
|magazine dummy
Синонимы
mock-up (Very close in meaning; "mock-up" is a bit more common in design and engineering.)
Антонимы
final version (The completed, finished product, not a test or sample version.)
Темы
business
|media
|technology
Определение
A test copy of something, like a book, page, or ad, used to plan or show the final product.
A practice or sample version of a document, product, or design used to test, plan, or show how the real one will look or work.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
C1
TECHNICAL
6
asztal
C2
terített kéz
C2
Модель употребления:
play from dummy
After the opening lead, North put dummy down on the table.
Az indító kijátszás után Észak felfordítva letette a lapjait az asztalra.
Declarer studied the dummy for a moment before planning the play.
A felvevő egy pillanatig az asztalt tanulmányozta, mielőtt megtervezte a lejátszást.
With such a strong dummy, they easily made the contract.
The dummy had no trumps left, so he ruffed in hand.
Примеры для изучающих
In bridge, one player is the dummy.
Bridzsben az egyik játékos az úgynevezett asztal.
The dummy puts all the cards face up on the table.
Az asztal minden lapját felfordítva teszi le.
The partner plays the dummy's cards.
They looked at the dummy to plan the game.
Частая ошибка:
Learners may translate "dummy" here as "stupid person," which is wrong. In bridge, "dummy" is a neutral technical term for the open hand and the player who shows their cards.
Значение
exposed hand in bridge
Коллокации
put dummy down
|play from dummy
|declarer's dummy
|dummy on the table
Синонимы
exposed hand (Descriptive phrase sometimes used to explain the concept, but "dummy" is the standard bridge term.)
Антонимы
hidden hand (Refers to a hand that is still held and not exposed on the table.)
Темы
games
|leisure
|arts_entertainment
Определение
In bridge, the cards of the player who puts their hand face up on the table and lets their partner play it.
In the card game bridge, the hand of cards belonging to the declarer’s partner, which is laid face up on the table and played by the declarer.
ГЛАГОЛ
B2
TECHNICAL
7
cselez
B1
cselt csinál
B2
Модель употребления:
[player] dummies [opponent]
The striker dummied the goalkeeper and tapped the ball into the empty net.
A csatár kicselezte a kapust, majd az üres kapuba pöccintette a labdát.
She dummied to pass left, then sprinted past the defender on the right.
Úgy tett, mintha balra passzolna, aztán jobb oldalon elfutott a védő mellett.
He dummied the shot, sending the defender the wrong way.
The winger dummied his marker before crossing the ball.
Примеры для изучающих
The player dummied the defender and scored.
A játékos kicselezte a védőt, és gólt szerzett.
He dummied to pass and then ran with the ball.
Úgy tett, mintha passzolna, aztán továbbfutott a labdával.
She dummied the shot to trick the other team.
They learn how to dummy in football practice.
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes confuse this with the noun "dummy" meaning a stupid person. As a verb in sports, it has nothing to do with intelligence; it means to fake a move.
Значение
to feint in sports
Коллокации
dummy the defender
|dummy the keeper
|dummy to pass
|dummy inside
|dummy the shot
Синонимы
feint (More formal and often used in written sports reports; "dummy" is very common in football/rugby speech.)
Антонимы
play straight (To play honestly without pretending, not trying to deceive the opponent with a fake move.)
Темы
sports
|movement
Определение
In sports, to make a move that looks real but is not, so you can trick another player.
In ball sports, to pretend to pass, shoot, or move in one direction in order to deceive an opponent.
Грамматика
Словарная форма
dummy
IPA
GB/dˈʌmi/
US/dˈʌmi/
Слоги и ударение
dummy (1 слог)
Stress on 1st syllable (dummy)
Формы слова
Noun
- Base: dummy
- Plural: dummies
Родственные слова
Forms
dummies
noun
Related words
dumb
adjective B1
Выражения
crash-test dummy
1/kɹˈæʃ tˈɛst dˈʌmi/
fixed phrase
technical
model used in car crash tests
A life-size model of a person that is put in a car during tests to see how safe the car is in a crash.
Примеры
- The crash-test dummy recorded the forces on the body during the impact.
- Modern crash-test dummies are packed with sensors to measure injuries.
dummy run
1/dˈʌmi ɹˈʌn/
fixed phrase
practice attempt before real event
A practice time when you do something in the same way as the real event, to check that everything works well.
Примеры
- We did a dummy run of the presentation the day before the conference.
- The team carried out a dummy run to test the emergency plan.
dummy text
1/dˈʌmi tˈɛkst/
fixed phrase
technical
placeholder text for layout
Text that is not real content, used only to show how a page, website, or design will look.
Примеры
- The designer filled the page with dummy text to show the client the layout.
- This is just dummy text, not the final article.
dummy up
1/dˈʌmi ˈʌp/
phrasal verb
informal
stop talking or give no information
To become silent and refuse to talk or give information, especially when asked questions.
Примеры
- When the police started asking questions, he dummied up.
- She dummied up whenever the topic of money came up.
dummy variable
1/dˈʌmi vˈɛɹiəbəl/
fixed phrase
technical
placeholder or category variable
In math, statistics, or computing, a variable that does not have its own real value but is used to show a category or to stand in for something in a formula or test.
Примеры
- The model includes a dummy variable for gender.
- Programmers often use a dummy variable while testing a function.
throw one's dummy out of the pram
1/θɹˈoʊ wˈʌnz dˈʌmi ˈaʊt əv ðə pɹˈæm/
idiom
informal
overreact in a childish way
To become very angry or upset in a childish way, usually over something small.
Примеры
- He threw his dummy out of the pram when his idea was rejected.
- Don't throw your dummy out of the pram just because they disagreed with you.
spit the dummy
1/spˈɪt ðə dˈʌmi/
idiom
informal
overreact angrily like a child
To suddenly get very angry and act like a small child when something doesn’t go your way. (Mainly Australian and British English.)
Примеры
- He really spat the dummy when they cancelled the project.
- He spat the dummy when they refused his request.
- There's no need to spit the dummy just because you lost the game.
- Don’t spit the dummy just because you didn’t win.
- She spat the dummy and walked out of the meeting.