dust
gb/dˈʌst/ us/dˈʌst/
A2
Английский
~ 3000
por, port töröl, leporol, porfelhő, szálló por, meghint, megszór
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
A2
1
por
A2
Модель употребления:
[amount] of dust
The bookshelf was covered in a thick layer of dust.
A könyvespolcot vastag porréteg borította.
Dust rose into the air as the car drove down the dirt road.
Por szállt a levegőbe, ahogy az autó végighajtott a földúton.
She wiped the dust off the picture frame.
There was dust floating in the sunlight coming through the window.
Примеры для изучающих
There is dust on the table.
Por van az asztalon.
I clean the dust from my desk.
Letörlöm a port az íróasztalomról.
Dust is in the air when I open the window.
The floor has a lot of dust.
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes confuse 'dust' with 'dirt'; 'dirt' usually refers to soil or mud, while 'dust' refers to fine, dry particles.
Значение
Fine dry powdery particles
Коллокации
dust storm
|dust cloud
|layer of dust
|dust particles
|dust allergy
Синонимы
powder (General term for any fine dry material; not limited to dirt.)
Антонимы
cleanliness (The state of being free from dirt or dust.)
Темы
daily life
|home
|environment
|daily_life
|nature
|health
Определение
Very small, dry pieces of dirt or other materials that are in the air or on surfaces.
Fine, dry particles of matter, such as soil, pollen, or skin, that settle on surfaces or float in the air.
ГЛАГОЛ
A2
2
port töröl
A2
leporol
B1
Модель употребления:
to dust [something]
I need to dust the living room before our guests arrive.
Port kell törölnöm a nappaliban, mielőtt megérkeznek a vendégeink.
She dusted the old books carefully.
Óvatosan leporolta a régi könyveket.
He forgot to dust the shelves this week.
Примеры для изучающих
I dust the table every day.
Mindennap letörlöm a port az asztalról.
She dusts her desk with a cloth.
Egy ronggyal törli le a port az íróasztaláról.
We dust the chairs before we sit.
Частая ошибка:
Some learners confuse 'dust' as a verb with 'sprinkle with powder'; in cleaning contexts, it means to remove dust, not add it.
Значение
Remove dust from a surface
Коллокации
dust the shelves
|dust furniture
|dust off the table
Синонимы
wipe (A more general term for cleaning by rubbing a surface; not specific to dust.)
Антонимы
soil (To make something dirty rather than clean it.)
Темы
daily life
|home
|daily_life
|housing
Определение
To clean something by wiping away dust.
To clean a surface by removing dust from it.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
B1
3
porfelhő
B1
szálló por
B2
The workers wore masks to protect themselves from construction dust.
A munkások maszkot viseltek, hogy megvédjék magukat az építkezésen felszálló portól.
A cloud of volcanic dust covered the town.
Vulkáni porfelhő borította be a várost.
Chalk dust filled the classroom after the lesson.
Примеры для изучающих
There is a lot of dust from the road.
Sok por száll fel az útról.
The wind brings dust into the house.
A szél port hord be a házba.
Dust from the building makes me cough.
Значение
Airborne fine powder from disturbance
Коллокации
construction dust
|volcanic dust
|chalk dust
Синонимы
debris (Larger fragments or scattered remains; not always fine powder.)
Антонимы
purity (The state of being free from impurities such as dust.)
Темы
environment
|nature
|weather
|daily_life
Определение
Tiny pieces of dirt or other things in the air after something moves or breaks.
Fine particles in the air or on surfaces caused by disturbance, such as during construction or storms.
ГЛАГОЛ
B1
4
Модель употребления:
to dust [something] with [powder]
Dust the cake with powdered sugar before serving.
Tálalás előtt hintsd meg a tortát porcukorral.
She dusted her face with a light layer of makeup.
Vékony réteg sminket vitt fel az arcára.
The chef dusted the steak with spices.
Примеры для изучающих
Dust the bread with sugar.
Szórd meg a kenyeret cukorral.
He dusts the cake with chocolate.
Megszórja a tortát csokoládéporral.
I dust my face with powder.
Частая ошибка:
Learners may confuse this sense with cleaning. Here, 'dust' means to apply powder, not remove it.
Значение
Sprinkle lightly with powder
Коллокации
dust with flour
|dust with sugar
|dust with cocoa
Синонимы
sprinkle (General term for scattering small amounts; not limited to powders.)
Антонимы
wash off (To remove rather than apply a coating.)
Темы
cooking
|daily life
|food_drink
|daily_life
Определение
To put a small amount of powder on something.
To cover lightly with a fine powdery substance.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
B2
LITERARY
5
por
C1
We are all but dust in the end.
A végén mindannyian csak por vagyunk.
From dust you came and to dust you shall return.
Porból lettél, és porrá leszel.
The ancient tomb held only dust where a body once lay.
Примеры для изучающих
The poem says we are all dust.
A vers azt mondja, hogy mindannyian por vagyunk.
He will return to dust after death.
Halála után porrá lesz.
The body became only dust.
Значение
Powdery remains after death
Коллокации
return to dust
Синонимы
ashes (Remains after burning; similar poetic use for death.)
Антонимы
life (Opposite state to death and decay.)
Темы
literature
|death
|core_vocabulary
Определение
A poetic word for what is left of a body after death; very small pieces like powder.
In literary or poetic use, human remains after death, emphasizing mortality and decay.
Грамматика
Словарная форма
dust
IPA
GB/dˈʌst/
US/dˈʌst/
Слоги и ударение
dust (1 слог)
Stress on 1st syllable (dust)
Формы слова
Noun
- Base: dust
- Plural: dust
Verb
- Base: dust
- 3rd Person Singular: dusts
- Present Participle: dusting
- Past: dusted
Родственные слова
Выражения
bite the dust
1/bˈaɪt ðə dˈʌst/
idiom
informal
To die or be defeated completely
To die or fail completely.
Примеры
- Another old building has bitten the dust after years of neglect.
- Several players bit the dust during the tough competition.
dust off
1/dˈʌst ˈɔf/
phrasal verb
Prepare something unused for reuse
To take something out after not using it for a long time and get it ready to use again.
Примеры
- I’m going to dust off my old guitar and start playing again.
- She dusted off her resume before applying for new jobs.
gather dust
1/ɡˈæðɚ dˈʌst/
fixed phrase
Remain unused and collect dust
To not be used for a long time so that it gets dusty.
Примеры
- My exercise bike has been gathering dust in the garage for years.
- The old books gathered dust on the shelf.
shake the dust off one's feet
1/ʃˈeɪk ðə dˈʌst ˈɔf wˈʌnz fˈit/
idiom
literary
Leave a place in protest or rejection and not return
To leave somewhere because you strongly disapprove and never want to go back.
Примеры
- After years of mistreatment, she shook the dust off her feet and left town forever.
- He shook the dust off his feet and vowed never to return.
throw dust in someone's eyes
1/θɹˈoʊ dˈʌst ˈɪn sˈʌmwˌʌnz ˈaɪz/
idiom
Deceive someone intentionally
To try to make someone believe something that is not true.
Примеры
- The company threw dust in investors’ eyes about its real profits.
- He tried to throw dust in my eyes with his story.