expectancy
gb/ɪkspˈɛktənsi/ us/ɪkspˈɛktənsi/
B2
Английский
~ 8900
várható élettartam, izgatott várakozás, várakozásteli hangulat, várható érték
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
B2
1
Модель употребления:
[type] expectancy of [someone/something]
Life expectancy has increased dramatically over the last hundred years.
A várható élettartam drámaian megnőtt az elmúlt száz évben.
In many countries, female life expectancy is higher than male life expectancy.
Sok országban a nők várható élettartama magasabb, mint a férfiaké.
Doctors explained that his life expectancy would be shorter without treatment.
The report compares the life expectancy at birth in different regions.
Improved sanitation and vaccines helped raise global life expectancy.
Примеры для изучающих
The life expectancy in that country is about 80 years.
Abban az országban a várható élettartam körülbelül 80 év.
Women usually have a higher life expectancy than men.
A nők várható élettartama általában magasabb, mint a férfiaké.
Better food and clean water can increase life expectancy.
The chart shows the life expectancy of different groups of people.
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes say *"life expectation"* instead of *"life expectancy"*. Use *"expectancy"* when talking about a statistical average length of life. Also, *"expectancy"* is rarely used without a modifier like *"life"* or *"healthy"* in this sense.
Значение
statistical expected length of life
Коллокации
life expectancy
|average life expectancy
|life expectancy at birth
|healthy life expectancy
|life expectancy of [group]
|increase in life expectancy
Синонимы
lifespan (Refers to the actual or total length of life of an individual or thing, while expectancy is a predicted statistical average for a group.)
Антонимы
mortality rate (Focuses on how often deaths occur in a group, rather than how long members of the group are expected to live.)
Темы
health
|science
|statistics
|society
Определение
The average time that people or things like this are expected to live or last, usually shown as a number of years.
The statistically expected length of life or duration for a person, group, or thing, usually expressed as an average number of years.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
C1
FORMAL
2
Модель употребления:
in [adjective] expectancy
The crowd waited in tense expectancy as the winner was announced.
A tömeg feszült várakozással figyelte, ahogy kihirdetik a győztest.
There was a buzz of expectancy in the room before the band came on stage.
Várakozásteli zsongás töltötte be a termet, mielőtt a zenekar színpadra lépett.
She opened the letter with a feeling of nervous expectancy.
A hush of expectancy fell over the audience as the lights dimmed.
His eyes shone with eager expectancy when he saw the wrapped boxes.
Примеры для изучающих
The children watched the door in eager expectancy.
A gyerekek izgatott várakozással figyelték az ajtót.
There was a feeling of expectancy before the show started.
Az előadás kezdete előtt várakozásteli hangulat volt.
She waited in quiet expectancy for his answer.
The room was silent, full of expectancy.
Частая ошибка:
Learners often try to use *expectancy* where *expectation* or *hope* is more natural, for example saying *"I have an expectancy"* instead of *"I have an expectation"* or *"I expect"*. Use *expectancy* mostly for a general mood or feeling in a situation, often with words like *"air"*, *"sense"*, *"feeling"*, *"in eager expectancy"*.
Значение
state of anticipation or expectation
Коллокации
in eager expectancy
|in anxious expectancy
|air of expectancy
|sense of expectancy
|mood of expectancy
Синонимы
anticipation (More common in everyday speech; *expectancy* sounds slightly more formal or literary and often describes the overall mood in a place or group.)
Антонимы
surprise (Surprise is the opposite condition, where something happens without being expected or waited for.)
Темы
emotions
|communication
|literature
|core_vocabulary
Определение
A strong feeling of waiting for something to happen.
A state of mind in which someone is keenly waiting for something to happen; anticipation.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
C2
TECHNICAL
3
Модель употребления:
the expectancy of [a random variable]
In this game, the expectancy of your winnings is actually negative.
We calculated the expectancy of the random variable X to be 2.5.
The insurance company uses loss expectancy to set its premiums.
If the dice are fair, the expectancy of a single roll is 3.5.
Risk analysts often compare loss expectancy with the cost of controls.
Примеры для изучающих
The teacher showed us how to find the expectancy of a dice roll.
In this lottery, the expectancy of profit is very low.
They used the loss expectancy to plan for future risk.
We worked out the expectancy of X using a formula.
Частая ошибка:
Learners may mix up the everyday idea of *expecting* something with the precise mathematical meaning of *expectancy*. In this sense, *expectancy* is a calculated number (an average) in probability or statistics, not just a hope or belief. Also, in technical English, *expected value* or *expectation* is more common than *expectancy*.
Значение
expected value in statistics
Коллокации
mathematical expectancy
|probability expectancy
|compute the expectancy
|expected value (expectancy)
|mean expectancy
Синонимы
expectation (In technical mathematics, *expectation* or *expected value* is the standard term; *expectancy* is a less common variant in this context.)
Антонимы
actual value (The actual value is what really occurs in one trial, as opposed to the theoretical average you calculate as the expectancy.)
Темы
mathematics
|science
|statistics
|education
Определение
In mathematics and statistics, the average value you expect from many repeated tests of something random.
In probability and statistics, the expected average value of a random variable, often calculated as a weighted mean of all possible outcomes.
Грамматика
Словарная форма
expectancy
IPA
GB/ɪkspˈɛktənsi/
US/ɪkspˈɛktənsi/
Слоги и ударение
ex - pect - ancy (3 слога)
Stress on 2nd syllable (pect)
Формы слова
Noun
- Base: expectancy
- Plural: expectancies, expectancy
Родственные слова
Forms
expectancies
noun
Core family
expect
verb A2
expectation
noun B1
Related words
expectant
adjective
expectantly
adverb
Negative and opposite forms
unexpected
adjective B1
unexpectedly
adverb B1
Выражения
an air of expectancy
1/ən ˈɛɹ əv ɪkspˈɛktənsi/
fixed phrase
formal
general feeling of waiting
A strong feeling in a room or group that something is about to happen.
Примеры
- There was an air of expectancy in the hall before the ceremony began.
- As the curtain rose, an air of expectancy spread through the audience.
average life expectancy
1/ˈævɚɪd͡ʒ lˈaɪf ɪkspˈɛktənsi/
fixed phrase
mean expected lifespan in years
The usual or typical number of years that people in a group are expected to live, found by adding and dividing (the average).
Примеры
- The average life expectancy in that region is just over 75 years.
- Charts comparing average life expectancy help show health differences between countries.
healthy life expectancy
1/hˈɛlθi lˈaɪf ɪkspˈɛktənsi/
fixed phrase
technical
years expected in good health
The average number of years people are expected to live in good health, without big health problems or disability.
Примеры
- In some countries, healthy life expectancy is much lower than total life expectancy.
- Public health policies aim to increase healthy life expectancy, not just how long people live.
life expectancy
1/lˈaɪf ɪkspˈɛktənsi/
fixed phrase
average years people are expected to live
The average number of years that people in a country or group are expected to live.
Примеры
- Japan has one of the highest life expectancy rates in the world.
- Better healthcare has helped increase life expectancy over the last century.
- The report shows that life expectancy is still rising in most regions.
life expectancy at birth
1/lˈaɪf ɪkspˈɛktənsi ˈæt bˈɚθ/
fixed phrase
technical
expected lifespan of a newborn
The number of years a baby is expected to live, if today’s death rates stay the same.
Примеры
- Life expectancy at birth has increased in almost every country since 1950.
- The study compares life expectancy at birth for men and women.