glum
gb/ɡlˈʌm/ us/ɡlˈʌm/
B2
Английский
kedvetlen, levert, mogorva, duzzogó, borús, lehangoló
B2
1
Модель употребления:
[someone] looks/feels glum
He was glum after reading the email.
Az e-mail elolvasása után kedvetlen lett.
She gave a glum little nod and went back to work.
Kedvetlenül biccentett egyet, aztán visszament dolgozni.
The kids were glum when the trip got cancelled.
Примеры для изучающих
I feel glum today.
Ma kedvetlen vagyok.
He looks glum.
Kedvetlennek látszik.
Частая ошибка:
Don’t confuse glum (sad) with gloomy (often about places/weather) or glam (stylish).
Значение
sad and lacking cheer
Коллокации
look glum
|feel glum
|a glum expression
|a glum face
|a glum mood
|a glum smile
|sit glumly
|sound glum
|turn glum
|seem glum
Синонимы
sad (more general and more common.)
|
unhappy (often focuses on dissatisfaction as well as sadness.)
|
downcast (suggests a visibly low mood.)
|
gloomy (often stronger; can also describe atmosphere or outlook.)
Антонимы
cheerful (showing happiness and optimism.)
|
bright (lively and positive in mood or expression.)
Темы
emotions
|daily_life
Определение
sad and not cheerful
Looking or feeling unhappy, with little energy or cheerfulness.
C1
2
Модель употребления:
[someone] is glum (because/of/after [something])
He went glum and stopped answering questions.
Mogorva lett, és nem válaszolt többé a kérdésekre.
She stayed glum all evening after the argument.
A veszekedés után egész este mogorva maradt.
The team was glum in the locker room, barely speaking.
Примеры для изучающих
He is glum because he is angry.
Mogorva, mert mérges.
She became glum and quiet.
Mogorva és csendes lett.
Частая ошибка:
Glum can mean ‘sullen’ (annoyed and silent), not only ‘sad.’
Значение
sullen and unwilling to talk
Коллокации
a glum silence
|glum and quiet
|glum and withdrawn
|glum teenager
|glum refusal
|glumly ignore [someone]
|sit glumly
|remain glum
|go glum
|look glumly at [someone/something]
Синонимы
sullen (more clearly linked to annoyance; less about sadness.)
|
moody (suggests changing moods; can be less specific.)
|
sulky (often used for childish or immature behavior.)
Антонимы
friendly (open and willing to engage with others.)
|
talkative (willing to speak and interact.)
Темы
emotions
|relationships
|communication
Определение
quietly angry and not talking much
Quietly angry or annoyed, and not wanting to talk or take part.
C1
3
Модель употребления:
a glum [day/place/room/outlook]
It was a glum, rainy afternoon with low clouds.
Borús, esős délután volt, alacsony felhőkkel.
The meeting ended on a glum note after the budget news.
A költségvetési hírek után a megbeszélés lehangoló hangulatban ért véget.
They drove through a glum industrial district at dusk.
Примеры для изучающих
The weather is glum today.
Ma borús az idő.
Значение
dark and depressing in atmosphere
Коллокации
a glum day
|glum weather
|a glum room
|a glum atmosphere
|a glum outlook
|a glum forecast
Синонимы
gloomy (the most common word for dark or depressing atmosphere.)
|
dreary (emphasizes dullness and lack of brightness or interest.)
Антонимы
bright (full of light or a positive feel.)
|
uplifting (making you feel happier or more hopeful.)
Темы
emotions
|weather
|travel
|arts
Определение
making you feel sad or depressed
Creating a gloomy or depressing feeling, especially in a situation or atmosphere.
Грамматика
Словарная форма
glum
IPA
GB/ɡlˈʌm/
US/ɡlˈʌm/
Слоги и ударение
glum (1 слог)
Stress on 1st syllable (glum)
Формы слова
Adjective
- Base: glum
- Comparative: glummer
- Superlative: glummest
Родственные слова
Выражения
be glum about
1/bˈi ɡlˈʌm əbˈaʊt/
fixed phrase
be unhappy about something
to be sad about something
Примеры
- They were glum about the delay but accepted it.
- He’s glum about his exam score.
- She sounded glum about moving away.
Примеры для изучающих
- I am glum about the news.
feel glum
1/fˈil ɡlˈʌm/
fixed phrase
feel sad or low
to feel sad
Примеры
- I felt glum after the weekend ended.
- He’s been feeling glum since the breakup.
- She felt glum but tried to stay busy.
Примеры для изучающих
- I feel glum.
- She feels glum today.
get the glums
1/ɡˈɛt ðə ɡlˈʌmz/
fixed phrase
informal
become sad and sulky
to start feeling sad and sulky
Примеры
- He gets the glums whenever it rains for days.
- Don’t get the glums—there will be other chances.
- She got the glums after the call and went quiet.
Примеры для изучающих
- I get the glums in winter.
have the glums
1/hˈæv ðə ɡlˈʌmz/
fixed phrase
informal
be in a sulky mood
to feel sad and sulky
Примеры
- Don’t worry—he just has the glums today.
- I had the glums all morning, then I went for a run.
- She’s got the glums because her plans fell through.
Примеры для изучающих
- He has the glums today.
look glum
1/lˈʊk ɡlˈʌm/
fixed phrase
appear sad or unhappy
to look sad
Примеры
- You look glum—what happened?
- She looked glum when she heard the result.
- He looked glum and avoided eye contact.
Примеры для изучающих
- You look glum.
- I look glum today.