perpendicular
gb/pˌɚpəndˈɪkjəlɚ/ us/pˌɚpəndˈɪkjəlɚ/
B1
Английский
~ 8300
merőleges, függőleges, merőleges egyenes, perpendicular stílus, perpendicular gótika
B1
1
merőleges
B1
Модель употребления:
[something] is perpendicular to [something]
The ladder must be perpendicular to the ground for safety.
A létrának a biztonság érdekében a talajra merőlegesen kell állnia.
Draw a line perpendicular to the base of the triangle.
Rajzolj egy, a háromszög alapjára merőleges egyenest.
In this diagram, the two streets are perpendicular to each other.
Engineers checked that the support beams were perfectly perpendicular to the floor.
The magnetic field is perpendicular to the direction of the current.
Примеры для изучающих
The tree was almost perpendicular to the ground.
A fa szinte merőleges volt a talajra.
These two lines are perpendicular to each other.
Ez a két egyenes merőleges egymásra.
Please draw a line perpendicular to this line.
The walls should be perpendicular to the floor.
In a square, each side is perpendicular to the next side.
Частая ошибка:
Learners often confuse "perpendicular" with "parallel". Remember: perpendicular lines cross and make a square corner (90-degree angle), while parallel lines never meet. Another mistake is using the wrong preposition; the correct phrase is "perpendicular to", not "perpendicular on" or "perpendicular with".
Значение
at a 90-degree angle
Коллокации
perpendicular lines
|perpendicular to the ground
|perpendicular to the surface
|almost perpendicular
|perfectly perpendicular
Синонимы
at right angles (Common descriptive phrase; slightly longer and more informal than the single word.)
|
orthogonal (More technical and formal; frequent in higher-level math and science.)
Антонимы
parallel (Describes lines or surfaces that never meet and stay the same distance apart.)
|
slanted (General opposite idea of not forming a right angle; direction is at an incline.)
Темы
math
|science
|engineering
|education
|core_vocabulary
Определение
Making a 90-degree angle with another line, surface, or direction.
Forming a right angle with another line, surface, or direction.
B2
2
függőleges
A2
Модель употребления:
[something] is perpendicular
The hikers stood at the edge of a nearly perpendicular cliff.
A túrázók egy majdnem függőleges sziklafal peremén álltak.
A perpendicular rock face rose directly from the sea.
Egy függőleges sziklafal emelkedett ki közvetlenül a tengerből.
The town is surrounded by perpendicular walls of dark stone.
From the road, the mountain looks almost perpendicular.
The ride features a sudden perpendicular drop that scares many visitors.
Примеры для изучающих
There is a perpendicular cliff next to the river.
A folyó mellett egy függőleges sziklafal van.
The rock wall is almost perpendicular.
A sziklafal majdnem függőleges.
We could not climb it because the side was perpendicular.
A perpendicular wall stood in front of us.
The path stops at a perpendicular drop.
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes think "perpendicular" always means "90 degrees in math" and do not realize it can also describe very steep or vertical natural features. In this sense, it is close to "vertical" and does not require exact measurement.
Значение
extremely steep or upright
Коллокации
perpendicular cliff
|perpendicular rock face
|perpendicular wall
|almost perpendicular
|perpendicular drop
Синонимы
vertical (Most direct synonym; more basic and slightly more common in everyday speech.)
|
upright (Emphasizes standing straight; often used for people or objects rather than cliffs.)
Антонимы
horizontal (Describes something flat and level with the ground, the opposite of vertical or steep.)
|
sloping (Indicates a gentle incline rather than a very steep or vertical surface.)
Темы
nature
|travel
|description
|space
|core_vocabulary
Определение
Standing almost straight up, very close to vertical and very steep.
Almost or completely vertical in position, often so steep that it seems to form a right angle with level ground.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
B2
TECHNICAL
3
merőleges
B1
Модель употребления:
draw a perpendicular from [point] to [line]
From point A, draw a perpendicular to line BC.
Az A pontból húzz merőlegest a BC egyenesre.
The builder erected a perpendicular to the base line to mark the corner.
Az építőmester merőlegest állított az alapvonalra, hogy kijelölje a sarkot.
To find the shortest distance to the road, drop a perpendicular from the house to the road.
In this problem, the perpendicular from the center meets the chord at its midpoint.
Students were asked to construct a perpendicular using only a compass and ruler.
Примеры для изучающих
Draw a perpendicular from this point to the line.
Húzz merőlegest ebből a pontból az egyenesre.
We drop a perpendicular to find the shortest distance.
A legrövidebb távolság meghatározásához merőlegest bocsátunk az egyenesre.
The perpendicular meets the line at a right angle.
Now we construct a perpendicular to this side of the triangle.
The teacher showed us how to draw a perpendicular.
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes use "a perpendicular line" where native speakers in math contexts may simply say "a perpendicular". Also, some confuse the direction (the perpendicular) with the angle itself; the perpendicular is the line or direction, not the angle.
Значение
a line at 90 degrees
Коллокации
draw a perpendicular
|drop a perpendicular
|erect a perpendicular
|perpendicular from [point] to [line]
|construct a perpendicular
Синонимы
perpendicular line (More explicit phrase; often used in elementary teaching instead of the shorter noun form.)
Антонимы
parallel (A line that never meets the given line and stays the same distance away, the usual contrast in geometry exercises.)
Темы
math
|education
|engineering
|science
|core_vocabulary
Определение
A line or direction that makes a 90-degree angle with another line or surface.
A line, line segment, or direction that forms a right angle with another line, line segment, or surface.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
C2
TECHNICAL
4
Модель употребления:
the Perpendicular style of [building]
King's College Chapel in Cambridge is a masterpiece of the Perpendicular style.
A cambridge-i King's College-kápolna a perpendicular stílus egyik remekműve.
The church tower, with its large windows and vertical lines, is clearly Perpendicular.
A templomtorony nagy ablakaival és függőleges vonalaival egyértelműen perpendicular stílusú.
Perpendicular tracery fills the vast east window of the cathedral.
The guide explained how the Perpendicular phase differed from earlier Gothic styles.
Many late medieval English churches show strong Perpendicular influences.
Примеры для изучающих
This old church is built in the Perpendicular style.
Ez a régi templom perpendicular stílusban épült.
The large windows are typical of Perpendicular Gothic.
A nagy ablakok a perpendicular gótikára jellemzőek.
We saw many Perpendicular churches on our trip.
The tower has a Perpendicular design with tall straight lines.
He is studying Perpendicular architecture at university.
Частая ошибка:
Learners may think "Perpendicular" here means only "vertical". In this context it is a proper name for a historical architectural style and is usually capitalized.
Значение
Perpendicular Gothic architectural style
Коллокации
Perpendicular Gothic
|the Perpendicular style
|Perpendicular window
|Perpendicular tracery
|Perpendicular church
Синонимы
Perpendicular Gothic (More explicit term used in art and architectural history.)
Антонимы
Norman (Refers to an earlier Romanesque style in England, visually contrasting with the vertical lightness of Perpendicular.)
Темы
architecture
|history
|art
|arts_entertainment
|education
Определение
A style of old English church building with very tall lines and big windows with straight stone patterns.
The final phase of English Gothic architecture, roughly from the 14th to early 16th centuries, characterized by strong vertical lines and large windows with straight stone tracery.
Грамматика
Словарная форма
perpendicular
IPA
GB/pˌɚpəndˈɪkjəlɚ/
US/pˌɚpəndˈɪkjəlɚ/
Слоги и ударение
per - pen - dic - u - lar (5 слогов)
Stress on 2nd syllable (pen)
Формы слова
Adjective
- Base: perpendicular
Noun
- Base: perpendicular
- Plural: perpendicular, perpendiculars
Родственные слова
Forms
perpendiculars
noun
Core family
perpendicularly
adverb
Advanced or less common
perpendicularity
noun
Выражения
be perpendicular to
1/bˈi pˌɚpəndˈɪkjəlɚ tə/
fixed phrase
form a right angle with
To make a 90-degree angle with another line, surface, or direction.
Примеры
- In a rectangle, each side is perpendicular to the sides next to it.
- The flagpole must be perpendicular to the ground to stand correctly.
- This road is perpendicular to the main highway.