rubble
gb/ɹˈʌbəl/ us/ɹˈʌbəl/
B2
Английский
törmelék, rom, kőtörmelék, romokban
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
B2
1
Модель употребления:
[someone/something] is buried under (the) rubble; clear/remove (the) rubble; sift through (the) rubble
After the earthquake, firefighters searched the rubble for survivors.
A földrengés után a tűzoltók túlélők után kutattak a romok között.
The old warehouse was demolished, leaving a mountain of rubble behind.
A régi raktárt lebontották, és egy hatalmas halom törmelék maradt utána.
Dust rose as bulldozers cleared the rubble from the street.
Примеры для изучающих
The building fell and became rubble.
Az épület összedőlt, és romhalmaz lett belőle.
They found him under the rubble.
A romok alatt találták meg.
Частая ошибка:
Rubble is usually uncountable: say “a pile of rubble” or “a piece of rubble,” not “two rubbles.” Also, it is different from “rubbish” (trash).
Значение
broken debris from destroyed buildings
Коллокации
a pile of rubble
|tons of rubble
|clear the rubble
|remove the rubble
|sift through the rubble
|buried under the rubble
|rubble-strewn streets
|rubble from the earthquake
|trapped in the rubble
|a heap of rubble
Синонимы
debris (More general; can include wood, metal, and other scattered remains.)
|
ruins (Focuses on what is left standing of a destroyed place.)
|
wreckage (Often used for vehicles or accidents, not just buildings.)
Антонимы
intact (Not damaged or broken apart.)
Темы
disasters
|construction
|news
|cities
Определение
broken pieces from a destroyed building
Broken pieces of stone, brick, concrete, and other material left after a building or structure has collapsed or been destroyed.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
C1
2
kőtörmelék
B2
Модель употребления:
covered with rubble; a slope of rubble; rubble as fill
The trail crossed a steep slope of loose rubble and was hard to climb.
Az ösvény laza kőtörmelékkel borított meredek lejtőn vezetett át, ezért nehéz volt megmászni.
The riverbed was lined with rubble and larger stones.
A folyómedret kőtörmelék és nagyobb kövek borították.
Workers filled the trench with rubble before paving over it.
Примеры для изучающих
Be careful on the rubble; it can slip.
Légy óvatos a kőtörmeléken, mert megcsúszhatsz rajta.
Частая ошибка:
Don’t use “rubble” for everyday trash; that is “rubbish” or “garbage.”
Значение
loose broken stones or rock fragments
Коллокации
a slope of rubble
|rubble and boulders
|loose rubble
|a field of rubble
|rubble underfoot
|rubble-strewn path
|rubble used as fill
Синонимы
scree (Loose stones on the side of a mountain or slope.)
|
gravel (Smaller, more uniform stones; often used for paths and roads.)
Антонимы
bedrock (Solid, unbroken rock beneath the surface.)
Темы
nature
|outdoors
|construction
Определение
small broken stones on the ground
Loose broken stones or fragments of rock, especially scattered on the ground or used as rough fill.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
C1
3
Модель употребления:
the rubble of [something]
In the rubble of the scandal, the company tried to rebuild trust.
A botrány romjai között a vállalat megpróbálta újjáépíteni a bizalmat.
After the argument, their friendship felt like rubble.
A veszekedés után úgy érezték, a barátságuk romokban hever.
He looked back at the rubble of his original plan and started again.
Примеры для изучающих
The project was in rubble after the budget cuts.
A projekt romokban volt a költségvetési megszorítások után.
Частая ошибка:
This figurative use is usually in set patterns like “the rubble of his career,” and is less common than the literal meaning.
Значение
the ruined remains of something
Коллокации
the rubble of a career
|the rubble of a relationship
|left in rubble
|amid the rubble of
Синонимы
remains (More neutral; does not strongly suggest violent destruction.)
|
shambles (Emphasizes disorder and failure rather than physical debris.)
Антонимы
recovery (A return to a good state after damage or failure.)
Темы
figurative_language
|relationships
|business
Определение
what is left after something is ruined
The damaged or destroyed remains of something (such as a plan, reputation, or relationship), used figuratively.
Грамматика
Словарная форма
rubble
IPA
GB/ɹˈʌbəl/
US/ɹˈʌbəl/
Слоги и ударение
rubble (1 слог)
Stress on 1st syllable (rubble)
Формы слова
Noun
- Base: rubble
- Plural: rubble
Выражения
buried under the rubble
1/bˈɛɹid ˈʌndɚ ðə ɹˈʌbəl/
fixed phrase
trapped under fallen debris
stuck under broken building pieces
Примеры
- Rescuers feared more people were buried under the rubble.
- He was buried under the rubble for six hours before being found.
- Dogs were brought in to detect anyone buried under the rubble.
Примеры для изучающих
- The man was buried under the rubble.
clear (away) the rubble
1/klˈɪɹ əwˈeɪ ðə ɹˈʌbəl/
fixed phrase
remove debris after destruction
to remove broken building pieces
Примеры
- It took crews three days to clear the rubble from the road.
- They cleared away the rubble so rebuilding could begin.
- Heavy machinery was brought in to clear the rubble safely.
Примеры для изучающих
- Workers cleared the rubble from the street.
lie in rubble
1/lˈaɪ ˈɪn ɹˈʌbəl/
fixed phrase
be destroyed and collapsed
to be destroyed so that only broken pieces remain
Примеры
- After the fire, the historic theater lay in rubble.
- By morning, several blocks of the city were lying in rubble.
- The bridge lay in rubble after the storm.
Примеры для изучающих
- The old house lay in rubble after the hurricane.
reduce [something] to rubble
1/ɹɪdˈus sˈʌmθɪŋ tə ɹˈʌbəl/
fixed phrase
destroy completely into debris
to destroy a building completely
Примеры
- The blast reduced the factory to rubble in seconds.
- Several homes were reduced to rubble by the landslide.
- Years of fighting reduced the neighborhood to rubble.
Примеры для изучающих
- The earthquake reduced many houses to rubble.
sift through the rubble
1/sˈɪft θɹˈu ðə ɹˈʌbəl/
fixed phrase
search carefully among debris
to look carefully in broken pieces
Примеры
- Volunteers sifted through the rubble for photos and documents.
- Investigators sifted through the rubble to determine the cause of the collapse.
- She sifted through the rubble hoping to find her grandmother’s ring.
Примеры для изучающих
- They sifted through the rubble for survivors.