spoil
gb/spˈɔɪl/ us/spˈɔɪl/
A2
Английский
~ 4400
elront, tönkretesz, elkényeztet, kényeztet, megromlik, romlik, hadizsákmány, zsákmány
ГЛАГОЛ
B1
1
elront
A2
tönkretesz
B1
Модель употребления:
to spoil [something]
The loud noise spoiled the concert for everyone.
A hangos zaj mindenkinek tönkretette a koncertélményt.
Rain spoiled our plans for a picnic.
Az eső elrontotta a piknikezési terveinket.
Don't spoil the movie by telling me the ending.
His bad mood spoiled the atmosphere at dinner.
Примеры для изучающих
The rain spoiled our trip.
Az eső elrontotta a kirándulásunkat.
He spoiled the game by shouting.
Kiabálással elrontotta a játékot.
Don't spoil my surprise.
Noise spoiled my sleep.
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes confuse 'spoil' with 'spill'; 'spill' refers to accidentally causing liquid to flow out, while 'spoil' is about damaging or ruining something.
Значение
Damage the quality of something
Коллокации
spoil the surprise
|spoil the fun
|spoil the view
|spoil the party
Синонимы
ruin (Stronger and more final in effect; often implies total destruction.)
|
damage (More general; can refer to physical or non-physical harm.)
Антонимы
improve (Means to make something better in quality or condition.)
|
enhance (Means to increase the value or attractiveness of something.)
Темы
daily life
|emotions
|core_vocabulary
Определение
To make something less good or less enjoyable.
To harm the value, character, or usefulness of something so that it is less enjoyable or effective.
ГЛАГОЛ
B1
2
elkényeztet
B1
kényeztet
B1
Модель употребления:
to spoil [someone]
They spoil their kids with expensive gifts.
Drága ajándékokkal kényeztetik el a gyerekeiket.
She was spoiled by her grandparents and never learned to share.
A nagyszülei elkényeztették, ezért sosem tanult meg osztozni.
Don't spoil him; he needs to learn to work for what he wants.
Примеры для изучающих
Her parents spoil her with toys.
A szülei játékokkal kényeztetik el.
He spoils his dog with treats.
Jutalomfalatokkal kényezteti a kutyáját.
Grandma spoils us when we visit.
Частая ошибка:
Learners may confuse this with 'treat' which can be positive without negative consequences; 'spoil' often implies a bad effect on behavior.
Значение
Overindulge someone
Коллокации
spoil a child
|spoil your grandchildren
|completely spoiled
Синонимы
pamper (Focuses on comfort and luxury rather than causing bad behavior.)
|
indulge (Often implies allowing pleasures, not necessarily leading to bad behavior.)
Антонимы
discipline (Involves training someone to behave well through rules and punishment.)
Темы
family
|relationships
|education
Определение
To give a person too many things or treats so they behave badly.
To give someone, especially a child, too much attention, praise, or material things so that they behave badly or expect too much.
ГЛАГОЛ
A2
3
Модель употребления:
[food] spoils
The milk spoiled because it was left out all night.
A tej megromlott, mert egész éjszaka kint hagyták.
Fish spoils quickly if not kept cold.
A hal gyorsan megromlik, ha nem tartják hidegen.
Don't let those berries spoil in the sun.
Примеры для изучающих
The milk spoiled in the heat.
A tej megromlott a melegben.
Meat spoils if not in the fridge.
A hús megromlik, ha nincs a hűtőben.
Fruit spoils after a few days.
Значение
Decay and become unusable (food)
Коллокации
milk spoils
|meat spoils quickly
|spoiled food
Синонимы
rot (Implies natural breakdown over time, often unpleasant in smell and appearance.)
|
decay (Can refer to both organic matter and abstract decline.)
Антонимы
preserve (To keep food in good condition for a long time.)
Темы
food
|daily life
|food_drink
|health
Определение
When food becomes bad and you cannot eat it.
When food or other perishable items decay or go bad and are no longer safe or pleasant to use or eat.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
B2
4
hadizsákmány
B2
zsákmány
B1
The soldiers divided the spoils of war.
A katonák felosztották a hadizsákmányt.
He returned home with the spoils from his adventure.
A kalandja során szerzett zsákmánnyal tért haza.
They argued over how to share the spoils.
Примеры для изучающих
The army took the spoils of war.
A hadsereg hadizsákmányt szerzett.
They shared the spoils after the fight.
Megosztoztak a zsákmányon a harc után.
The spoils were gold and silver.
Значение
Goods taken by force
Коллокации
spoils of war
Синонимы
loot (Informal and common; can also mean stolen items from any theft.)
|
plunder (Often used in historical or military contexts; implies large-scale theft.)
Темы
history
|conflict
|law
|politics
Определение
Things taken by force, like in war.
Goods or benefits taken from an enemy in war, robbery, or other forceful means, usually in plural as 'spoils'.
Грамматика
Словарная форма
spoil
IPA
GB/spˈɔɪl/
US/spˈɔɪl/
Слоги и ударение
spoil (1 слог)
Stress on 1st syllable (spoil)
Формы слова
Noun
- Base: spoil
- Plural: spoil
Verb
- Base: spoil
- 3rd Person Singular: spoils
- Present Participle: spoiling
- Past: spoiled, spoilt
- Past Participle: spoilt
Родственные слова
Forms
spoils
verb
spoiling
verb
spoiled
verb
spoilt
verb
Core family
spoiler
noun
Related words
spoilsport
noun
Negative and opposite forms
unspoiled
adjective
Advanced or less common
spoilage
noun
Ключевые моменты
- Irregular past participle: spoilt Verb
Выражения
spoil someone's fun
1/spˈɔɪl sˈʌmwˌʌnz fˈʌn/
fixed phrase
Ruin someone's enjoyment
To make an activity less enjoyable for someone.
Примеры
- I don't want to spoil your fun, but we have to leave now.
- Rain spoiled our fun at the beach.
spoiled for choice
1/spˈɔɪld fɚ t͡ʃˈɔɪs/
idiom
Too many good options to choose from
When you have so many good choices that it is hard to decide.
Примеры
- With so many restaurants nearby, we're spoiled for choice.
- Job seekers in this field are spoiled for choice right now.
spoils of war
1/spˈɔɪlz əv wˈɔɹ/
fixed phrase
Goods taken after a war
Things taken from an enemy after a fight or war.
Примеры
- The museum displayed the spoils of war from centuries past.
- They fought over the spoils of war.