stiffen
gb/stˈɪfən/ us/stˈɪfən/
B2
Английский
megmerevedik, megmerevít, merevít, keményít, feszültté válik, besűrűsödik, besűrít, megerősít, megerősödik, szigorít, emelkedik, kiéleződik, élénkül
ГЛАГОЛ
B2
1
megmerevedik
B2
megmerevít
B2
Модель употребления:
[someone/something] stiffens; [someone] stiffens [a body part]
His shoulders stiffened when his name was called.
Megmerevedett a válla, amikor kimondták a nevét.
My fingers stiffen in the cold if I forget my gloves.
Elgémberednek az ujjaim a hidegben, ha otthon felejtem a kesztyűmet.
She stiffened her neck and tried to keep still during the exam.
Примеры для изучающих
My back stiffened after the long flight.
A hosszú repülőút után megmerevedett a hátam.
He stiffened when he heard a loud noise.
Megmerevedett, amikor hangos zajt hallott.
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes use "stiffen" when they mean "stiff" (adjective): say "My neck is stiff," not "My neck is stiffen."
Значение
become or make physically stiff
Коллокации
stiffen with age
|stiffen with cold
|stiffen with fear
|stiffen suddenly
|stiffen at the sound
|stiffen your neck
|stiffen your back
|muscles stiffen
|joints stiffen
|his body stiffened
Синонимы
tense (Often emphasizes tightening muscles from stress or emotion.)
|
rigidify (More formal and less common; focuses on becoming rigid.)
Антонимы
relax (Become less tense and easier to move.)
|
loosen (Become less tight or rigid.)
Темы
body_health
|emotions
|daily_life
Определение
to become stiff, or make something stiff, so it is hard to move
To become stiff and hard to move, or to make a body or body part stiff, often because of cold, fear, age, or injury.
ГЛАГОЛ
B2
2
Модель употребления:
stiffen [material/object]
She used spray starch to stiffen the shirt collar.
Keményítősprayt használt, hogy kimerevítse az ing gallérját.
Extra ribs were added to stiffen the plastic lid.
Plusz bordákat adtak hozzá, hogy merevítsék a műanyag fedelet.
The glue will stiffen the paper as it dries.
Примеры для изучающих
Starch can stiffen fabric.
A keményítő merevebbé teheti az anyagot.
The metal bar stiffens the frame.
A fémrúd merevíti a keretet.
Значение
make material less flexible
Коллокации
stiffen fabric
|stiffen paper
|stiffen leather
|stiffen the collar
|stiffen the brim
|stiffen the structure
|stiffen the frame
|stiffen the beam
|stiffen the backing
|stiffen with starch
Синонимы
reinforce (Emphasizes adding strength or support, not just stiffness.)
|
harden (Often implies becoming harder or more solid, sometimes permanently.)
Антонимы
soften (Make less hard or less stiff.)
|
flexibilize (Rare; means make more flexible.)
Темы
materials
|clothing
|home
Определение
to make something firmer and not bend easily
To make a material or structure firmer or less flexible, often by adding support or a substance such as starch or resin.
ГЛАГОЛ
C1
3
megmerevedik
B2
Модель употребления:
[situation/atmosphere] stiffens; [someone] stiffens [someone/something]
The conversation stiffened when politics came up.
A beszélgetés feszültebbé vált, amikor szóba került a politika.
Her smile stiffened as soon as she saw who was at the door.
A mosolya megmerevedett, amint meglátta, ki áll az ajtóban.
His sarcastic comment stiffened the mood in the room.
Примеры для изучающих
The room stiffened when the boss arrived.
Feszültté vált a légkör, amikor megérkezett a főnök.
Значение
become more formal or tense
Коллокации
the atmosphere stiffened
|the conversation stiffened
|a stiffened smile
|his expression stiffened
|stiffen the mood
|stiffen into silence
|stiffen at the mention of
|stiffen when
|the room stiffened
|relations stiffened
Синонимы
tense (Common; can describe feelings or situations, not only behavior.)
|
freeze (More dramatic; suggests sudden inability to respond naturally.)
Антонимы
ease (Become less tense or less uncomfortable.)
|
relax (Become calm and comfortable.)
Темы
emotions
|relationships
|communication
Определение
to become tense and not relaxed
To become, or cause someone to become, less relaxed or friendly; to grow tense, formal, or uncomfortable.
ГЛАГОЛ
C1
4
besűrűsödik
B2
besűrít
B1
Модель употребления:
[mixture] stiffens; stiffen [mixture/sauce]
Whisk the egg whites until they stiffen into peaks.
Verd a tojásfehérjét, amíg kemény habot nem kapsz.
Add a little cornstarch to stiffen the sauce.
Adj hozzá egy kevés kukoricakeményítőt, hogy besűrítsd a szószt.
The pudding will stiffen as it cools.
Примеры для изучающих
The sauce stiffened after a few minutes.
A szósz néhány perc után besűrűsödött.
Значение
thicken or set a mixture
Коллокации
egg whites stiffen
|whip until stiffened
|stiffen the sauce
|stiffen the mixture
|stiffen with cornstarch
|stiffen with flour
|stiffen with gelatin
|the custard stiffened
|stiffen the frosting
|stiffen the cream
Синонимы
thicken (Focuses on becoming less liquid; not always firm enough to hold shape.)
|
set (Often used when a mixture becomes firm as it cools or stands.)
Антонимы
thin (Make or become more liquid.)
|
liquefy (Become liquid.)
Темы
food_cooking
Определение
to become thick and firm, or make it thick and firm
In cooking, to become thicker or hold its shape, or to make a mixture thicker or firmer.
ГЛАГОЛ
C1
5
megerősít
B1
megerősödik
B1
Модель употребления:
stiffen [someone's] resolve; [someone] stiffens
The criticism only stiffened her resolve to succeed.
A bírálat csak megerősítette abban az elhatározásában, hogy sikerrel járjon.
They tried to intimidate him, but it stiffened his determination.
Megpróbálták megfélemlíteni, de ez csak megerősítette az elszántságát.
Public outrage stiffened the government's stance.
Примеры для изучающих
The loss stiffened their resolve.
A vereség megerősítette az elhatározásukat.
Значение
make more determined or resistant
Коллокации
stiffen resolve
|stiffen resistance
|stiffen determination
|stiffen their stance
|stiffen their will
|stiffen opposition
|stiffen morale
|stiffen in response
|stiffen against pressure
|stiffen after criticism
Синонимы
strengthen (More general; not as vivid as stiffen.)
|
steel (Suggests preparing oneself emotionally for something difficult.)
Антонимы
weaken (Make less determined or less strong.)
|
undermine (Gradually reduce confidence or determination.)
Темы
emotions
|personal_development
|conflict
Определение
to make someone feel more determined
To make someone more determined, brave, or resistant to pressure, or to become more determined.
ГЛАГОЛ
C1
FORMAL
6
szigorít
B2
Модель употребления:
stiffen [rules/penalties/measures/security]
The city plans to stiffen penalties for illegal dumping.
A város azt tervezi, hogy szigorítja az illegális hulladéklerakásért járó büntetéseket.
After the incident, the company stiffened its security procedures.
Az incidens után a cég szigorította a biztonsági eljárásait.
The regulator moved to stiffen enforcement of the new rules.
Примеры для изучающих
They stiffened the rules at the airport.
Szigorították a szabályokat a repülőtéren.
Значение
make rules or measures stricter
Коллокации
stiffen penalties
|stiffen regulations
|stiffen controls
|stiffen security
|stiffen enforcement
|stiffen requirements
|stiffen restrictions
|stiffen border checks
|stiffen sentencing
|stiffen oversight
Синонимы
tighten (Very common for rules and controls; less vivid than stiffen.)
|
toughen (Emphasizes becoming more severe or demanding.)
Антонимы
ease (Make less strict or less severe.)
|
relax (Reduce strictness of rules or controls.)
Темы
law
|government
|business
|security
Определение
to make rules stricter and harder
To make rules, penalties, controls, or security measures stricter, harsher, or harder to avoid.
ГЛАГОЛ
C2
BUSINESS
7
Модель употребления:
[prices/wages/demand/competition] stiffen
Oil prices stiffened after the supply report.
Az ellátási jelentés után emelkedtek az olajárak.
Competition stiffened as new brands entered the market.
Kiéleződött a verseny, ahogy új márkák léptek be a piacra.
Demand has stiffened in the last quarter.
Значение
become stronger or rise (markets)
Коллокации
prices stiffen
|wages stiffen
|demand stiffens
|competition stiffens
|the market stiffened
|stiffen in late trading
|stiffen over time
|stiffen slightly
|stiffen on expectations
|conditions stiffen
Синонимы
firm (Common in market language; means become stronger or higher.)
|
strengthen (General term for becoming stronger; less market-specific.)
Антонимы
weaken (Become less strong or lower in value.)
|
soften (Common market term for falling or losing strength.)
Темы
business
|economy
Определение
to become stronger or higher (used about markets)
In business and finance, to become stronger or less weak, especially when prices, demand, or competition increase.
Грамматика
Словарная форма
stiffen
IPA
GB/stˈɪfən/
US/stˈɪfən/
Слоги и ударение
stiffen (1 слог)
Stress on 1st syllable (stiffen)
Формы слова
Verb
- Base: stiffen
- 3rd Person Singular: stiffens
- Present Participle: stiffening
- Past: stiffened
Выражения
stiffen one's spine
1/stˈɪfən wˈʌnz spˈaɪn/
idiom
become braver and more determined
to make yourself be brave
Примеры
- She stiffened her spine and told them the truth.
- He tried to stiffen his spine before walking into the meeting.
- The coach's speech stiffened the team's spine.
stiffen the upper lip
1/stˈɪfən ðə ˈʌpɚ lˈɪp/
fixed phrase
hide feelings; stay unemotional
to not show your feelings, even when it is hard
Примеры
- He tried to stiffen his upper lip and get through the funeral.
- She told herself to stiffen her upper lip and keep going.
- The phrase 'stiffen the upper lip' is often linked with British culture.
stiffen up
1/stˈɪfən ˈʌp/
phrasal verb
become physically stiff or tense
to become stiff or tense
Примеры
- I always stiffen up if I sit still for too long.
- He stiffened up when the interviewer asked about his last job.
- Her legs stiffened up in the cold wind.
Примеры для изучающих
- My shoulders stiffen up when I am stressed.
stiffen up
2/stˈɪfən ˈʌp/
phrasal verb
make something firmer or stricter
to make something stronger or stricter
Примеры
- They stiffened up the rules on refunds.
- Add another bracket to stiffen up the shelf.
- The airport stiffened up security after the alert.
Примеры для изучающих
- We need to stiffen up the safety rules.
stiffen with fear
1/stˈɪfən wˈɪθ fˈɪɹ/
fixed phrase
freeze because of fear
to stop moving because you are afraid
Примеры
- He stiffened with fear when he heard footsteps behind him.
- I stiffened with fear as the dog ran toward me.
- She stiffened with fear but tried not to show it.
Примеры для изучающих
- I stiffened with fear.