surpass
gb/sɚpˈæs/ us/sɚpˈæs/
B2
Английский
~ 8100
felülmúl, meghalad, minden képzeletet felülmúl, felfoghatatlan, szavakkal leírhatatlan, önmagát is felülmúl
ГЛАГОЛ
B2
FORMAL
1
Модель употребления:
to surpass [someone/something] in [quality/amount]
Online sales have now surpassed those of traditional stores.
Az online értékesítés forgalma mára meghaladta a hagyományos boltokét.
Her latest novel surpasses all her previous work in depth and style.
Legújabb regénye mélységében és stílusában felülmúlja minden korábbi művét.
The team's performance this season has surpassed expectations from fans and analysts.
If we keep this pace, we will surpass our revenue target by the end of the quarter.
No other runner has ever surpassed his world record time.
Примеры для изучающих
Our profits this year surpassed those of last year.
Idei nyereségünk meghaladta a tavalyit.
Her score on the test surpassed everyone else in the class.
A teszten elért pontszáma meghaladta az osztályban mindenki másét.
The new phone surpasses the old model in speed and battery life.
The movie surpassed my hopes; it was very good.
This small company has surpassed many bigger companies in quality.
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes say *"surpass than"* (e.g. *"surpass than last year"*). The verb *surpass* is used directly with its object: *"surpass last year"*, *"surpass last year's sales"*. Another mistake is using *surpass* in very casual speech where *beat* or *do better than* would sound more natural.
Значение
be better or greater than
Коллокации
surpass expectations
|surpass a record
|surpass a goal
|surpass a target
|surpass competitors
|surpass last year's results
Синонимы
exceed (Very close in meaning, common with numbers and limits; slightly more neutral and technical.)
|
outperform (Focuses on doing better in performance, especially in business, sports, or testing.)
|
outdo (More informal; often used for doing something better than someone else, sometimes with a sense of rivalry.)
Антонимы
fall short of (Emphasizes not reaching a desired level, goal, or standard.)
|
trail (Focuses on being behind others in performance, rank, or progress.)
Темы
achievement
|competition
|business
|core_vocabulary
Определение
To be better, higher, or more than someone or something else.
To be greater, better, or more successful than someone or something else in degree, quality, or amount.
ГЛАГОЛ
C1
FORMAL
2
Модель употребления:
to surpass [belief/description/understanding/imagination]
The cruelty shown in the video almost surpasses belief.
A videón látható kegyetlenség szinte minden képzeletet felülmúl.
Her kindness to complete strangers truly surpasses description.
A teljesen idegenek iránt tanúsított kedvessége valóban szavakkal leírhatatlan.
The beauty of the mountain at sunrise surpassed all imagination.
The complexity of the case seemed to surpass ordinary understanding.
His generosity in that moment surpassed words.
Примеры для изучающих
The pain she felt seemed to surpass words.
A fájdalom, amit érzett, szavakkal leírhatatlannak tűnt.
The view from the top of the hill surpassed description.
A domb tetejéről nyíló kilátás leírhatatlan volt.
Their anger at the decision almost surpassed belief.
The size of the problem surpasses anything we have seen before.
His bravery in the fire surpassed imagination.
Частая ошибка:
Learners may try to use this sense with everyday objects (*"The new phone surpasses description"*), where it sounds strange or too strong. This sense is mainly used with abstract nouns like *belief*, *imagination*, *words*, *description*, or *understanding*, and usually for extreme or emotional situations.
Значение
be beyond understanding or description
Коллокации
surpass belief
|surpass description
|surpass imagination
|surpass understanding
|surpass words
Синонимы
defy (Often used like *defy description* or *defy belief*; stresses resisting explanation or expectation.)
|
transcend (More literary; emphasizes rising above normal limits of experience or understanding.)
Антонимы
fit (As in *fit description* or *fit expectations*; suggests something can be adequately described or understood.)
Темы
emotion
|communication
|thought
|core_vocabulary
Определение
To be so great or strange that it is too much for belief, imagination, or words.
To be so great, extreme, or unusual that something such as belief, imagination, or description cannot fully contain or explain it.
ГЛАГОЛ
C1
FORMAL
3
Модель употребления:
to surpass oneself / [someone] surpasses himself/herself/themselves
The director has surpassed himself with this latest film.
A rendező ezzel a legújabb filmjével önmagát is felülmúlta.
She really surpassed herself in the final match and scored three goals.
A döntőben tényleg önmagát is felülmúlta, és három gólt szerzett.
The chef surpassed himself tonight; every course was perfect.
With this presentation, the team has truly surpassed itself.
He surpasses himself every time he steps onto the stage.
Примеры для изучающих
She surpassed herself in the exam and got the best grade in the class.
A vizsgán önmagát is felülmúlta, és ő kapta a legjobb jegyet az osztályban.
The singer surpassed himself at the concert last night.
Az énekes a tegnap esti koncerten önmagát is felülmúlta.
The team surpassed itself in the final game.
You surpassed yourself with this painting; it is your best work.
The writer surpassed herself with her new book.
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes confuse this with simply doing well and say *"He surpassed"* without an object. For this sense, it is normally used with a reflexive pronoun: *surpassed himself*, *surpassed herself*, *surpassed themselves*. Without this, it sounds incomplete or like sense 1 (surpassing other people or goals).
Значение
do better than ever before
Коллокации
really surpass oneself
|truly surpass oneself
|once again surpass himself
|surpass herself this time
Синонимы
outdo oneself (Almost identical meaning; slightly more common in everyday speech.)
|
excel (General verb for doing extremely well; does not specifically refer to doing better than before.)
Антонимы
underperform (Emphasizes doing worse than one's usual or expected level.)
Темы
achievement
|self_improvement
|work
|core_vocabulary
Определение
To do better than you have ever done before.
To achieve a level of performance or quality that is higher than anything one has previously achieved.
Грамматика
Словарная форма
surpass
IPA
GB/sɚpˈæs/
US/sɚpˈæs/
Слоги и ударение
sur - pass (2 слога)
Stress on 1st syllable (sur)
Формы слова
Verb
- Base: surpass
- 3rd Person Singular: surpasses
- Present Participle: surpassing
- Past: surpassed
Родственные слова
Forms
surpasses
verb
surpassing
verb
surpassed
verb
Negative and opposite forms
unsurpassed
adjective C1
unsurpassable
adjective
Advanced or less common
surpassingly
adverb
Выражения
surpass all expectations
1/sɚpˈæs ˈɔl ˌɛkspɛktˈeɪʃənz/
fixed phrase
formal
be much better than expected
To be much better or more successful than anyone thought possible.
Примеры
- The campaign's success has surpassed all expectations.
- Her recovery after the operation surpassed all expectations.
- The film's box office results have already surpassed all expectations.
surpass expectations
1/sɚpˈæs ˌɛkspɛktˈeɪʃənz/
fixed phrase
formal
be better than expected
To be better or more successful than people thought it would be.
Примеры
- The new product has surpassed expectations in its first year on the market.
- Attendance at the festival far surpassed expectations.
- Her performance not only met but clearly surpassed expectations.
surpass oneself
1/sɚpˈæs wˌʌnsˈɛlf/
fixed phrase
formal
do better than ever before
To do something better than you have ever done it before.
Примеры
- With this painting, the artist has surpassed herself.
- The team surpassed itself in the final minutes of the game.
- He really surpassed himself with the meal he cooked for us.