to
gb/tə/ us/tə/
A1
Английский
-ni, -ba/-be, -hoz/-hez/-höz, -ra/-re, -nak/-nek, -val/-vel, -ig, múlva, előtt, háromnegyed, [A]:[B] arányban, [A] az [B]-hez
A1
1
-ni
A1
Модель употребления:
to + [base verb]
I need to call you later.
Később fel kell hívnom téged.
They decided to stay home.
Úgy döntöttek, hogy otthon maradnak.
It’s hard to focus when you’re tired.
Примеры для изучающих
I want to learn English.
Szeretnék angolul tanulni.
We need to go now.
Most mennünk kell.
Частая ошибка:
Leaving out to after verbs like want/need/plan, or adding to after modal verbs (e.g., *can to go). Also confusing to with too/two in spelling.
Значение
marks the infinitive verb form
Коллокации
want to
|need to
|like to
|try to
|plan to
|decide to
|to be
|to do
|to get
|to make
Темы
grammar
Определение
Use to before a verb: to go, to eat, to study.
Used before the base form of a verb to form the infinitive.
A1
2
Модель употребления:
[go/come/travel/drive] to [place]
We went to the museum on Saturday.
Szombaton elmentünk a múzeumba.
Can you take this box to the car?
El tudnád vinni ezt a dobozt az autóhoz?
She ran to the door.
Примеры для изучающих
I go to school by bus.
Busszal járok iskolába.
Please come to my house.
Kérlek, gyere el hozzám.
Частая ошибка:
Using to with home incorrectly (*go to home); usually say go home (no to).
Значение
toward a place or destination
Коллокации
go to school
|go to work
|come to me
|drive to the airport
|walk to the station
|move to a new city
|return to
|head to
|get to
|take [something] to [place]
Синонимы
toward (Often emphasizes direction rather than arrival.)
Антонимы
from (Marks the starting point rather than the destination.)
Темы
travel
|daily_life
Определение
Use to for where someone or something goes.
Used to show movement in the direction of a place or point, often with the idea of reaching it.
A1
3
Модель употребления:
[give/send/show/say] [something] to [someone]
I sent the photos to my mom.
Elküldtem a fotókat anyukámnak.
Please explain the rules to me again.
Kérlek, magyarázd el nekem még egyszer a szabályokat.
He apologized to his teacher.
Примеры для изучающих
I gave the key to Sara.
Odaadtam a kulcsot Sarának.
She talked to her friend.
Beszélt a barátjával.
Частая ошибка:
Mixing up to and for (give it to her = she receives it; do it for her = it helps her).
Значение
toward a person as receiver
Коллокации
talk to
|speak to
|listen to
|say to
|explain to
|give to
|send to
|write to
|show to
|lend to
Темы
communication
|social
Определение
Use to for the person who gets something or who you speak to.
Used to show who receives something, or who an action, message, or feeling is directed at.
A2
4
Модель употребления:
from [start] to [end] | [start] to [end]
The shop is open from 10 to 6.
Az üzlet 10-től 6-ig van nyitva.
The temperature dropped from 12 to 3 degrees.
A hőmérséklet 12 fokról 3 fokra csökkent.
Read pages 15 to 30 before class.
Примеры для изучающих
I work from 9 to 5.
9-től 5-ig dolgozom.
The numbers go from 1 to 10.
A számsor 1-től 10-ig tart.
Частая ошибка:
Using until when a start point is given (from Monday to Friday, not *from Monday until Friday in many contexts).
Значение
marks the end of a range
Коллокации
from A to B
|from Monday to Friday
|from 9 to 5
|from 0 to 10
|from start to finish
|range from ... to ...
|up to (maximum)
|open 10 to 6
|ages 18 to 25
|pages 10 to 20
Синонимы
until (Common when only an end time is mentioned (wait until Friday).)
Антонимы
from (Marks the beginning of the range.)
Темы
time
|numbers
Определение
Use to for the ending point in a range.
Used to show the end point of a range, distance, period, or set of numbers.
A2
5
Модель употребления:
[minutes] to [hour]
It’s ten to five—let’s leave now.
Tíz perc múlva öt, induljunk most.
At a quarter to eight, the meeting started.
A megbeszélés háromnegyed nyolckor kezdődött.
The train arrives at five to noon.
Примеры для изучающих
It is five to six.
Öt perc múlva hat.
It is a quarter to three.
Háromnegyed három van.
Частая ошибка:
Confusing to and past (ten to five is 4:50; ten past five is 5:10).
Значение
minutes before a stated hour
Коллокации
five to
|ten to
|a quarter to
|twenty to
|three minutes to
Темы
time
|daily_life
Определение
Ten to five = 4:50.
Used when telling time to show how many minutes it is before the next hour.
B1
6
-ra/-re
A2
Модель употребления:
[noun] to [noun/pronoun]
We need a solution to this problem.
Megoldást kell találnunk erre a problémára.
Her reaction to the news surprised me.
Meglepett a hírre adott reakciója.
The storm caused damage to the roof.
Примеры для изучающих
I don’t know the answer to this question.
Nem tudom a választ erre a kérdésre.
This is the key to the door.
Ez a kulcs az ajtóhoz.
Частая ошибка:
Overusing of instead of to after certain nouns (solution to a problem, not *solution of a problem).
Значение
in relation or response to
Коллокации
solution to
|answer to
|reaction to
|response to
|access to
|damage to
|risk to
|threat to
|key to
|reference to
Синонимы
regarding (Works mainly with topics (regarding the plan), not with many fixed noun patterns (solution to).)
Темы
communication
|work
|daily_life
Определение
Use to to show how one thing is connected to another.
Used to show a connection, relationship, effect, or response between things or people.
B1
7
Модель употребления:
[number] to [number]
They won the game 3 to 1.
3–1-re nyerték meg a mérkőzést.
The vote was 62 to 38 in favor of the proposal.
A szavazás 62:38 arányban a javaslat javára dőlt el.
The ratio of sugar to flour matters in this recipe.
Примеры для изучающих
The score was 2 to 0.
Az állás 2–0 volt.
Mix water to rice in a 2 to 1 ratio.
A vizet és a rizst 2:1 arányban keverd össze.
Частая ошибка:
Confusing a ratio (three to one) with subtraction or with percentages.
Значение
expresses a ratio or comparison
Коллокации
two to one
|three to one
|odds of ... to ...
|a ratio of ... to ...
|won ... to ...
|lost ... to ...
Темы
numbers
|sports
Определение
Three to one = 3:1.
Used to express a numerical ratio or comparison between two amounts.
B2
8
Модель употребления:
[verb] to + [result/state]
Bring the soup to a boil, then lower the heat.
Forrald fel a levest, majd vedd lejjebb a hőfokot.
The bus came to a stop outside the station.
A busz megállt az állomás előtt.
They cut the paper to the right size.
Примеры для изучающих
The car came to a stop.
Az autó megállt.
Bring the water to a boil.
Forrald fel a vizet.
Частая ошибка:
Using into in fixed patterns where English prefers to (come to a stop, not *come into a stop).
Значение
reaching a particular final state
Коллокации
come to a stop
|bring to a close
|bring to a boil
|reduce to
|cut to size
|drive to distraction
|tear to pieces
|beat to death
|polish to a shine
|work to completion
Темы
daily_life
|cooking
Определение
Use to to show the final result (to a stop, to a boil).
Used to show a state or condition that is reached as the result of an action or change.
Грамматика
Словарная форма
to
IPA
GB/tə/
US/tə/
Слоги и ударение
to (1 слог)
Формы слова
Noun
- Base: to
- Plural: tos
Выражения
to and fro
1/tə ˈænd fɹˈoʊ/
idiom
back and forth
To and fro means “back and forth.”
Примеры
- People were rushing to and fro in the station.
- The boat rocked to and fro on the water.
- After days of emails back and forth—messages to and fro—we finally agreed.
to be fair
1/tə bˈi fˈɛɹ/
fixed phrase
said to acknowledge another side
Use this before a balanced or kind comment.
Примеры
- To be fair, he did warn us it might take longer.
- She was upset, but to be fair, we were late.
- To be fair, the instructions weren’t very clear.
Примеры для изучающих
- To be fair, it is not easy.
to be honest
1/tə bˈi ˈɑnɪst/
fixed phrase
Introducing a truthful statement
Used before saying what you really think or feel.
Примеры
- To be honest, I don't like this movie much.
- To be honest, I was surprised by the result.
to be honest
1/tə bˈi ˈɑnɪst/
fixed phrase
said to be frank
Use this to say your true opinion.
Примеры
- To be honest, I don’t really like this movie.
- I’m tired, to be honest.
- To be honest, I forgot about the meeting.
Примеры для изучающих
- To be honest, I am nervous.
to be honest
2/tə bˈi ˈɑnɪst/
fixed phrase
introducing a frank statement
used before you say something that is true, especially if it may be surprising, very direct, or not polite.
Примеры
- To be honest, I don't really like this restaurant.
- It wasn't a great game, to be honest.
- To be honest, I was scared when the plane started to shake.
to be honest
3/tə bˈi ˈɑnɪst/
fixed phrase
introducing a truthful statement
Used before saying something that is true, even if it may be surprising or not what someone wants to hear.
Примеры
- To be honest, I didn’t enjoy the party.
- I was a bit nervous, to be honest.
to date
1/tə dˈeɪt/
fixed phrase
until now
To date means “until now.”
Примеры
- To date, we’ve had no complaints.
- This is her best performance to date.
- No one has solved the issue to date.
Примеры для изучающих
- To date, I have visited three countries.
to go
1/tə ɡˈoʊ/
fixed phrase
for takeout; not eaten here
If you order coffee to go, you take it with you.
Примеры
- Can I get a latte to go, please?
- We ordered two burgers to go.
- This place does breakfast to go.
Примеры для изучающих
- I want a coffee to go.
- We got pizza to go.
to the best of my knowledge
1/tə ðə bˈɛst əv mˈaɪ nˈɑlɪd͡ʒ/
fixed phrase
as far as I know
Used to say that you think something is true based on what you know, but you are not completely sure.
Примеры
- To the best of my knowledge, the meeting starts at 3 p.m.
- To the best of my knowledge, she still lives in New York.
to the best of my knowledge
1/tə ðə bˈɛst əv mˈaɪ nˈɑlɪd͡ʒ/
fixed phrase
formal
as far as I know
Use this to say something is true based on what you know.
Примеры
- To the best of my knowledge, the files were sent yesterday.
- To the best of my knowledge, no one has reported a problem.
- To the best of my knowledge, he isn’t working there anymore.
to the point
1/tə ðə pˈɔɪnt/
fixed phrase
direct and relevant
If you are to the point, you speak directly.
Примеры
- Please keep your answer to the point.
- Her emails are always brief and to the point.
- He got straight to the point and asked for help.
Примеры для изучающих
- Please be to the point.
up to
1/ˈʌp tə/
fixed phrase
someone’s responsibility or decision
If it’s up to you, you decide.
Примеры
- It’s up to you whether we leave now or later.
- It’s up to the manager to approve the budget.
- The final decision is up to them.
Примеры для изучающих
- It is up to you.