trench
gb/tɹˈɛnt͡ʃ/ us/tɹˈɛnt͡ʃ/
B1
Английский
~ 7800
lövészárok, árok, mélytengeri árok, ballonkabát, árkot ás, csorbít, beavatkozik, valaminek a rovására megy
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
B1
1
lövészárok
B2
Модель употребления:
in a/the [trench]
The soldiers waited in the trench for the order to advance.
A katonák a lövészárokban várták az előrenyomulási parancsot.
Life in the trenches during the First World War was extremely harsh.
Az élet a lövészárkokban az első világháború idején rendkívül kemény volt.
They moved from one trench to another under heavy enemy fire.
The front-line trenches stretched for miles across the countryside.
The unit dug a new trench to protect the camp from artillery shells.
Примеры для изучающих
The soldiers hid in a trench.
A katonák elbújtak egy lövészárokban.
He stood in the trench and looked over the top.
A lövészárokban állt, és átnézett a peremén.
They slept in the trench at night for safety.
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes confuse this meaning with 'trench coat', which is a type of clothing. A 'trench' by itself usually refers to a long hole in the ground, especially in war contexts.
Значение
Long defensive ditch in war
Коллокации
trench warfare
|front-line trenches
|in the trenches
|deep trench
|shallow trench
|enemy trench
Синонимы
defensive ditch (More descriptive and explicit; less commonly used as a fixed term.)
Антонимы
open ground (Highlights the lack of cover or protection that a trench provides.)
Темы
war
|history
|safety
|politics
Определение
A long, narrow hole in the ground where soldiers can stand or hide during a war.
A long, narrow ditch dug in the ground to protect soldiers from enemy fire, especially in ground warfare.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
B2
2
árok
A2
Модель употребления:
a [trench] for [pipes/cables/drainage]
Workers dug a trench to lay the new water pipes.
A munkások árkot ástak az új vízcsövek lefektetéséhez.
The cable trench runs along the side of the road.
A kábelárok az út szélén fut.
A shallow trench was dug around the house to improve drainage.
The archaeologists opened a narrow trench to explore the ancient wall.
Floodwater collected in the trench beside the field.
Примеры для изучающих
They dug a trench for the new gas pipe.
Árkot ástak az új gázcsőnek.
Rainwater goes into the trench next to the road.
Az esővíz az út melletti árokba folyik.
The man fell into the deep trench by mistake.
Частая ошибка:
Learners may think 'trench' is only for war. In everyday and technical English, it is also widely used for construction, drainage, and archaeology.
Значение
Long narrow excavation in ground
Коллокации
dig a trench
|drainage trench
|cable trench
|water trench
|irrigation trench
|utility trench
Синонимы
ditch (More general; often used for natural or roadside channels, not only for planned construction work.)
Антонимы
embankment (Refers to raised ground instead of a dug-out space.)
Темы
construction
|infrastructure
|environment
|work
|housing
Определение
A long, narrow hole in the ground, usually made to put in pipes or to move water away.
A long, narrow excavation in the ground, especially one dug to lay pipes or cables, or to carry water away.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
B2
TECHNICAL
3
Модель употребления:
an [ocean/sea] [trench]
The Pacific Ocean contains the deepest known ocean trench.
A Csendes-óceánban található a legmélyebb ismert mélytengeri árok.
The Mariana Trench reaches a depth of nearly 11,000 meters.
A Mariana-árok mélysége csaknem 11 000 méter.
Many strange species live near the bottom of deep-sea trenches.
Ocean trenches often form where one tectonic plate slides under another.
Researchers sent a robotic submersible into the trench to collect samples.
Примеры для изучающих
The Mariana Trench is the deepest place in the ocean.
A Mariana-árok az óceán legmélyebb pontja.
Many ocean trenches are found in the Pacific.
Sok mélytengeri árok található a Csendes-óceánban.
Scientists study life in deep-sea trenches.
Частая ошибка:
Learners may not realize that 'trench' can refer to an underwater feature, not just a hole on land.
Значение
Deep, long valley in ocean floor
Коллокации
ocean trench
|deep-sea trench
|subduction trench
|the Mariana Trench
|tectonic trench
Синонимы
deep-sea valley (More descriptive and informal; not the standard scientific term.)
Антонимы
ocean ridge (Refers to a raised underwater mountain chain, the opposite of a deep depression.)
Темы
science
|geography
|environment
|nature
Определение
A very deep and long valley under the sea.
A very deep, long, narrow depression in the ocean floor.
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
B2
INFORMAL
4
ballonkabát
B1
Модель употребления:
a [trench]; a [color] trench
She threw on a beige trench and hurried out the door.
Felkapott egy bézs ballonkabátot, és kisietett az ajtón.
A good trench is a classic piece in any wardrobe.
A jó ballonkabát klasszikus darab minden ruhatárban.
He bought a navy trench for the rainy season.
The model walked down the runway in an oversized trench.
I need a light trench for spring mornings.
Примеры для изучающих
She is wearing a long trench.
Hosszú ballonkabátot visel.
I bought a new black trench for the rain.
Vettem egy új fekete ballonkabátot az esős napokra.
His trench is on the chair.
Частая ошибка:
Learners may not realize that 'trench' alone can mean 'trench coat' in fashion or casual speech. In most other contexts, 'trench' still means a long hole in the ground.
Значение
Trench-style overcoat
Коллокации
wear a trench
|classic trench
|beige trench
|long trench
|lightweight trench
|designer trench
Синонимы
trench coat (Full form; slightly more formal and clear, especially for learners.)
Антонимы
T-shirt (Contrasts a heavy outer coat with a light upper-body garment.)
Темы
fashion
|daily life
|clothing
|daily_life
Определение
A short way to say 'trench coat', a long coat with a belt, usually for rain.
Informal abbreviation for 'trench coat', a long belted coat, typically waterproof and often double-breasted.
ГЛАГОЛ
B2
5
árkot ás
A2
Модель употребления:
to trench [an area]; to trench around [something]
They plan to trench the entire site before laying the cables.
A kábelek lefektetése előtt árkokat terveznek ásni az egész területen.
Workers trenched around the building to install new drains.
A munkások árkot ástak az épület körül az új vízelvezető csövek lefektetéséhez.
The farmer trenched the field to improve irrigation.
Please mark the gas line before you trench this area.
The contractor will trench a path for the new sewer pipe.
Примеры для изучающих
They will trench the road next week.
A jövő héten árkot ásnak az úton.
Workers trenched around the house for new pipes.
A munkások árkot ástak a ház körül az új csöveknek.
The farmer trenched the land for water.
Частая ошибка:
Learners may try to use 'trench' for any kind of digging. It is best used when the digging creates a long, narrow space, not a general hole or pit.
Значение
To dig a long narrow ditch
Коллокации
trench the field
|trenched around the house
|trenched line
|trenched area
|carefully trench
Синонимы
excavate (More formal and general; not limited to long, narrow shapes.)
Антонимы
fill in (Means to put earth back into a hole instead of removing it.)
Темы
construction
|farming
|war
|work
|housing
Определение
To make a long, narrow hole in the ground by digging.
To dig a long, narrow ditch or excavation in the ground.
ГЛАГОЛ
C1
FORMAL
6
Модель употребления:
to trench on/upon [something]
The new regulations must not trench on individual freedoms.
Az új szabályozások nem csorbíthatják az egyéni szabadságjogokat.
We should not trench upon his authority in this matter.
Ebben az ügyben nem szabad beavatkoznunk a hatáskörébe.
She felt that the extra meetings trenched on her personal time.
This policy could trench on the responsibilities of local government.
Any attempt to trench upon these rights will be challenged in court.
Примеры для изучающих
The rule must not trench on our rights.
Ez a szabály nem csorbíthatja a jogainkat.
He said the new work would trench on his family time.
Azt mondta, az új munka a családi ideje rovására menne.
They do not want to trench upon her power in the team.
Частая ошибка:
This use of 'trench' is rare and formal. Learners often try to use it like common verbs such as 'break' or 'take'. In modern English, 'encroach on' or 'infringe on' are usually better choices.
Значение
To encroach on something
Коллокации
trench on your rights
|trench upon their freedom
|trench on his time
|trench upon her authority
Синонимы
encroach (More common modern verb with almost the same meaning and use.)
Антонимы
respect (Means to avoid infringing on someone’s rights or space.)
Темы
law
|work
|relationships
|core_vocabulary
Определение
To slowly take or use something that belongs to another person, usually their rights, time, or power.
To intrude or encroach on someone else’s rights, time, or area of responsibility, usually used with 'on' or 'upon'.
Грамматика
Словарная форма
trench
IPA
GB/tɹˈɛnt͡ʃ/
US/tɹˈɛnt͡ʃ/
Слоги и ударение
trench (1 слог)
Stress on 1st syllable (trench)
Формы слова
Noun
- Base: trench
- Plural: trenches
Verb
- Base: trench
- 3rd Person Singular: trenches
- Present Participle: trenching
- Past: trenched
Родственные слова
Forms
trenches
noun
trenching
verb
trenched
verb
Related words
entrench
verb
entrenched
adjective
entrenchment
noun
Advanced or less common
retrench
verb
retrenchment
noun
Выражения
back to the trenches
1/bˈæk tə ðə tɹˈɛnt͡ʃɪz/
idiom
informal
Return to hard routine work
To go back to hard, everyday work after a break or after talking about it.
Примеры
- Lunch is over, so it’s back to the trenches.
- After the conference, she went back to the trenches in the customer service department.
- He sighed and said, "Back to the trenches," as he opened his laptop.
dig a trench
1/dˈɪɡ ə tɹˈɛnt͡ʃ/
fixed phrase
Make a long ditch by digging
To use tools or machines to make a long, narrow hole in the ground.
Примеры
- They need to dig a trench for the new power line.
- Before planting the hedge, we dug a trench along the fence.
- Workers are digging a trench on our street this week.
from the trenches
1/fɹˈʌm ðə tɹˈɛnt͡ʃɪz/
fixed phrase
From people doing frontline work
Said about ideas or stories that come from people who are doing the real, everyday work, not just managing.
Примеры
- The book offers practical tips from the trenches of startup life.
- We want to hear feedback from the trenches, not just from senior management.
- Her blog shares stories from the trenches of modern parenting.
in the trenches
1/ˈɪn ðə tɹˈɛnt͡ʃɪz/
idiom
informal
Doing hard, frontline work
Doing the hardest and most direct work in a job or activity, not just planning or managing.
Примеры
- I spent years in the trenches before I became a manager.
- Teachers in the trenches know what students really need.
- She wants leaders who have actually been in the trenches with the rest of the team.
the Mariana Trench
1/ðə mˌɛɹiˈænə tɹˈɛnt͡ʃ/
fixed phrase
technical
Deepest known ocean trench
The deepest known place in the world’s oceans, in the Pacific Ocean.
Примеры
- The Mariana Trench is nearly 11,000 meters deep.
- Only a few missions have reached the bottom of the Mariana Trench.
- Scientists study the Mariana Trench to learn about extreme ocean life.
trench coat
1/tɹˈɛnt͡ʃ kˈoʊt/
fixed phrase
Long belted raincoat
A long coat with a belt, usually made for rain and wind, often with two rows of buttons.
Примеры
- He wore a beige trench coat over his suit.
- She bought a new trench coat for the autumn weather.
- A classic trench coat never goes out of style.
trench warfare
1/tɹˈɛnt͡ʃ wˈɔɹfˌɛɹ/
fixed phrase
War fought mainly from trenches
A way of fighting a war where soldiers live and fight from long holes in the ground on each side.
Примеры
- Trench warfare was common in World War I.
- The battle turned into a long period of trench warfare.
- Trench warfare caused huge losses with very little movement of the front line.