abstract
gb/ˈæbstɹækt/ us/ˈæbstɹækt/
B1
Английский
~ 1500
Значения
0 значений
adjective
B2
property
1
Existing as an idea only
About something you can think about but cannot touch or see.
Модель употребления:
[something] is abstract
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes confuse 'abstract' with 'summary', which is another meaning of the word.
Синонимы
theoretical (Stresses being based on theory rather than practical application.)
|
conceptual (Focuses on being related to mental concepts or ideas.)
Антонимы
concrete (Refers to something real and tangible, the opposite of abstract.)
Коллокации
abstract concept
|abstract idea
|abstract thinking
|abstract art
Темы
art
|philosophy
|education
|core_vocabulary
Примеры
- Justice is an abstract concept that can be difficult to define.
- Her paintings are highly abstract, with no clear subject.
- Time is an abstract notion, but it affects everything we do.
- The course covers both abstract theory and practical skills.
Примеры для изучающих
- Love is an abstract idea.
- Numbers are abstract.
- Happiness is an abstract feeling.
- The word 'freedom' is abstract.
Существительное
B2
entity
2
Brief summary of a text
A short piece of writing that says the main ideas of a longer text.
Модель употребления:
an abstract of [something]
Частая ошибка:
Some learners think 'abstract' here means 'difficult to understand'; in this context it means a short summary.
Синонимы
summary (A general term for a shortened version of something.)
|
synopsis (Often used for summaries of literary or dramatic works.)
Антонимы
full text (Refers to the complete document rather than a condensed version.)
Коллокации
write an abstract
|submit an abstract
|conference abstract
Темы
academia
|writing
|research
|education
|communication
Примеры
- The researcher submitted an abstract for the conference proceedings.
- Please include an abstract at the beginning of your paper.
- The journal requires abstracts to be under 250 words.
Примеры для изучающих
- I read the abstract before the full paper.
- She wrote an abstract for her report.
- The teacher asked for an abstract of the article.
Глагол
C1
action
3
Remove or take away something
To take something away from where it belongs.
Модель употребления:
to abstract [something] from [somewhere]
Частая ошибка:
Learners may confuse this with the adjective meaning 'not concrete'. As a verb, it refers to removing or taking out.
Синонимы
extract (More common in everyday contexts; 'abstract' is often more formal.)
|
remove (General term for taking something away.)
Антонимы
insert (To put something into something else, opposite of removing.)
Коллокации
abstract data
|abstract information from
|abstract resources
Темы
science
|general
|core_vocabulary
Примеры
- The report abstracts key points from the data.
- Oil was abstracted from deep underground reservoirs.
- The program can abstract relevant information from large datasets.
Примеры для изучающих
- The machine abstracts water from the air.
- He abstracted numbers from the table.
- They abstract gold from the rock.
adjective
B1
property
4
Non-representational in art
Describes art made with shapes and colors instead of pictures of real things.
Синонимы
nonrepresentational (Technical art term meaning not depicting recognizable subjects.)
Антонимы
representational (Depicts recognizable subjects or objects.)
Коллокации
abstract painting
|abstract sculpture
|abstract style
Темы
art
|arts_entertainment
Примеры
- She specializes in large abstract paintings.
- The gallery features several abstract sculptures.
- His work moved from realistic landscapes to abstract forms.
Примеры для изучающих
- I like abstract art.
- This is an abstract painting.
- He makes abstract pictures.
Грамматика
Словарная форма
abstract
IPA
GB/ˈæbstɹækt/
US/ˈæbstɹækt/
Слоги и ударение
ab - stract (2 слога)
Stress on 1st syllable (ab)
Формы слова
Adjective
- Base: abstract
Noun
- Base: abstract
- Plural: abstracts
Verb
- Base: abstract
- 3rd Person Singular: abstracts
- Present Participle: abstracting
- Past: abstracted
Родственные слова
Forms
abstracts
noun
abstracting
verb
abstracted
verb
Core family
abstraction
noun C1
abstractly
adverb
Negative and opposite forms
concrete
adjective A2
Advanced or less common
abstractness
noun
Выражения
abstract away
1/æbstɹˈækt əwˈeɪ/
phrasal verb
technical
Hide details to focus on main idea
To remove or ignore details so you can focus on the main idea or structure.
Примеры
- The software abstracts away the complexity of the hardware.
- Teachers often abstract away difficult details when first introducing a topic.
in the abstract
1/ˈɪn ðə ˈæbstɹækt/
fixed phrase
formal
Considered generally, not specifically
Thinking about something as a general idea, not in a real situation.
Примеры
- In the abstract, his plan sounds reasonable, but it may not work in practice.
- She prefers to discuss problems in the abstract rather than deal with details.