physiology
gb/fˌɪziˈɑləd͡ʒi/ us/fˌɪziˈɑləd͡ʒi/
C1
Английский
~ 6600
Значения
0 значений
Существительное
technical
C1
entity
1
branch of biology about body functions
The science that studies how the body and its parts work in living things.
Модель употребления:
to study physiology; the physiology of [an organism]
Частая ошибка:
Learners often confuse "physiology" with "anatomy" and "psychology." "Physiology" is about how the body works, while "anatomy" is about the structure or parts of the body, and "psychology" is about the mind and behavior. Another mistake is treating it as a plural (*physiologies*) in general use; in this sense it is normally an uncountable field of study.
Синонимы
biology (A broader science of living things in general; physiology is one specialized area within biology that focuses on how bodies work.)
|
life science (An umbrella term for sciences that study living organisms; physiology is one specific life science.)
Коллокации
study physiology
|human physiology
|plant physiology
|exercise physiology
|physiology course
|anatomy and physiology
Темы
science
|biology
|medicine
|education
|health
Примеры
- She decided to major in physiology because she was fascinated by how the human body works.
- Modern physiology has greatly improved our understanding of heart disease.
- The textbook provides a solid introduction to animal physiology.
- Advances in cell physiology have led to new medical treatments.
- He teaches human anatomy and physiology at the medical school.
Примеры для изучающих
- I am taking a class in human physiology this semester.
- Physiology helps doctors understand how the body works.
- She wants to study physiology and become a medical researcher.
- We learned about the physiology of the heart in today’s lesson.
Существительное
technical
C1
entity
2
the functional processes of a body
The way a living body or one of its parts normally works and carries out its processes.
Модель употребления:
the physiology of [an organ / system / process]
Частая ошибка:
Learners sometimes use "physiology" when they mean "physique" (body shape) or "fitness." "Physiology" refers to how the body works inside, not to how it looks from the outside.
Синонимы
bodily functions (A more general, everyday phrase; "physiology" is more scientific and can refer to detailed processes in organs or cells.)
|
body processes (Informal, less technical way to talk about the same idea; "physiology" is the precise scientific term.)
Антонимы
pathology (Pathology focuses on disease and abnormal conditions, whereas physiology in this sense focuses on normal functions and processes.)
Коллокации
the physiology of sleep
|cardiovascular physiology
|muscle physiology
|cellular physiology
|normal physiology
|abnormal physiology
Темы
science
|biology
|medicine
|health
|body
Примеры
- Researchers are studying the physiology of sleep to understand why we dream.
- High altitude changes the physiology of the lungs and blood.
- The book explains the normal physiology of the kidneys before discussing disease.
- Training can significantly alter the physiology of skeletal muscle.
- Caffeine affects the brain’s physiology by blocking certain receptors.
Примеры для изучающих
- The physiology of the heart changes during exercise.
- We studied the physiology of sleep in science class.
- Smoking can harm the normal physiology of your lungs.
- Good training helps improve the physiology of your muscles.
Грамматика
Словарная форма
physiology
IPA
GB/fˌɪziˈɑləd͡ʒi/
US/fˌɪziˈɑləd͡ʒi/
Слоги и ударение
physiology (1 слог)
Формы слова
Noun
- Base: physiology
- Plural: physiologies, physiology
Родственные слова
Forms
physiologies
noun
Core family
Advanced or less common
pathophysiology
noun
neurophysiology
noun
Выражения
anatomy and physiology
1/ənˈætəmi ˈænd fˌɪziˈɑləd͡ʒi/
fixed phrase
technical
study of body structure and function
A school or university subject that teaches both the parts of the body (anatomy) and how they work (physiology).
Примеры
- All nursing students must pass anatomy and physiology.
- The college offers an online anatomy and physiology course for health professionals.
exercise physiology
1/ˈɛksɚsˌaɪz fˌɪziˈɑləd͡ʒi/
fixed phrase
technical
study of exercise effects on body
The science that looks at what happens inside the body when we exercise and train.
Примеры
- She is doing a master’s degree in exercise physiology.
- Exercise physiology explains how regular training improves heart and muscle function.
human physiology
1/hjˈumən fˌɪziˈɑləd͡ʒi/
fixed phrase
technical
study of how the human body works
The science that looks at how the human body and all its parts work.
Примеры
- She is specializing in human physiology with a focus on the nervous system.
- The course in human physiology covers the heart, lungs, and other major organs.
plant physiology
1/plˈænt fˌɪziˈɑləd͡ʒi/
fixed phrase
technical
study of how plants function
The science that studies how plants live and how their parts work.
Примеры
- He wrote his thesis on plant physiology and drought resistance.
- Plant physiology helps farmers understand how crops respond to stress.