Organizing the message
New and known
New and known information
Is this information new or already in the conversation?
known information
new information
అర్థం
Whether a piece of information is being introduced, repeated, contrasted, assumed, resumed, or made prominent.
ఎలా గుర్తించాలి
Ask whether the listener already has this information in the mental scene.
Visual guide
Conversation state: 1 NEW A woman entered. -> add woman #1 2 GIVEN The woman smiled. -> reuse woman #1 Listener already has it.