foul
gb/fˈaʊl/ us/fˈaʊl/
B1
Angličtina
~ 9800
undorító, trágár, szabálytalan, sportszerűtlen, szabálytalanság, zord, rossz, szabálytalankodik, szabálytalanságot követ el, szennyez, beszennyez, pályán kívüli, érvénytelen
B2
1
undorító
B1
Vzorec užití:
[something] smells/tastes/looks foul
A foul smell was coming from the trash can.
Undorító szag áradt a szemetesből.
The tap water tasted foul after the pipe broke.
A csőtörés után undorító íze volt a csapvíznek.
The workers had to clean the foul, blocked drain.
He covered his nose to avoid the foul stench of the rotting food.
The fish had gone bad and left a foul odor in the kitchen.
Učební příklady
There was a foul smell in the room.
Undorító szag volt a szobában.
The milk is foul; do not drink it.
A tej romlott; ne idd meg.
The river is brown and foul.
His breath was foul after he smoked.
We opened the window to let the foul air out.
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes use 'foul' only for smells, but it is also common for dirty or polluted things (foul water, foul streets). They may also confuse it with 'fowl', which means birds such as chickens.
Význam
very dirty or disgustingly smelly
Kolokace
foul smell
|foul odor
|foul taste
|foul breath
|foul water
|foul air
Synonyma
disgusting (A very common general word; does not emphasize dirtiness as strongly as 'foul' often does.)
Antonyma
fresh (Suggests clean and pleasant, especially for air, water, or smells.)
Témata
daily life
|health
|environment
|daily_life
Definice
Very dirty, or smelling or tasting very bad.
Extremely unpleasant because it is very dirty or has a disgusting smell or taste.
B2
2
trágár
B2
Vzorec užití:
foul [language/word/mouth/insult]
The coach was fined for using foul language at the referee.
Az edzőt megbüntették, mert trágár szavakat használt a játékvezetővel szemben.
He hurled a stream of foul insults at the driver.
Trágár sértések özönét zúdította a sofőrre.
I don't want my kids hearing that kind of foul talk.
Her emails became increasingly foul and abusive.
Online comments can be full of foul language and personal attacks.
Učební příklady
He used foul language in front of the children.
Trágár szavakat használt a gyerekek előtt.
The man shouted foul words at the police.
A férfi trágár szavakat kiabált a rendőröknek.
She hates his foul jokes.
Do not speak in such a foul way.
The teacher warned them about their foul mouths.
Častá chyba:
Learners may confuse this sense with the 'dirty or smelly' sense. When talking about rude words, use 'foul language' or 'foul mouth', not 'dirty smell'.
Význam
offensive, rude, or obscene
Kolokace
foul language
|foul mouth
|foul-mouthed tirade
|foul joke
|foul insult
|foul abuse
Synonyma
obscene (Focuses more on sexual or morally shocking content and is slightly more formal.)
Antonyma
polite (Describes language or behavior that is socially acceptable and not offensive.)
Témata
communication
|social
|emotions
Definice
Very rude or dirty in a sexual or bad way, especially about words someone says.
Offensive, rude, or obscene in a way that shocks or upsets people, especially of language or behavior.
B2
3
szabálytalan
B1
Vzorec užití:
foul [tackle/move/play]
The striker went down after a foul tackle in the box.
A csatár elesett egy szabálytalan szerelés után a tizenhatoson belül.
They accused the other team of using foul tactics to win.
Azzal vádolták a másik csapatot, hogy sportszerűtlen taktikákkal akart nyerni.
The referee blew the whistle for foul play.
Fans were angry about the foul blow that the referee missed.
Such a foul move has no place in professional sport.
Učební příklady
That was a foul tackle by the defender.
Ez szabálytalan szerelés volt a védőtől.
The coach said there was foul play in the game.
Az edző szerint szabálytalanság történt a mérkőzésen.
He won, but he used foul tactics.
The referee stopped the game for foul play.
It is a foul move to hit someone from behind.
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes use 'foul' instead of 'unfair' in everyday non-sport situations (e.g., 'That was a foul decision at work'). In general contexts, 'unfair' or 'wrong' is more natural; 'foul' is strongest in sports and fixed phrases like 'foul play'.
Význam
unfair or against the rules
Kolokace
foul play
|foul tackle
|foul move
|foul tactics
|foul blow
|foul behavior
Synonyma
illegal (Often used more generally for actions against the law, not just against game rules.)
Antonyma
fair (Describes actions that follow the rules and are morally acceptable.)
Témata
sports
|law
|competition
Definice
Not fair or not allowed by the rules, especially in a game.
Unfair or not allowed by the rules, especially in sports or other competitions.
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
B1
4
Vzorec užití:
commit a foul (on [someone])
The defender committed a clear foul on the striker inside the box.
A védő egyértelmű szabálytalanságot követett el a csatárral szemben a tizenhatoson belül.
The referee called a foul and awarded a free kick.
A játékvezető szabálytalanságot ítélt, és szabadrúgást adott.
He was given a technical foul for arguing with the official.
Too many personal fouls can get a player removed from the game.
Fans booed when the obvious foul was not whistled.
Učební příklady
The player got a foul for pushing.
Lökésért szabálytalanságot ítéltek a játékos ellen.
The referee saw the foul and stopped the game.
A játékvezető látta a szabálytalanságot, és megállította a játékot.
He made a foul on the other team’s star.
Three fouls in a row put them in trouble.
They scored from the free kick after the foul.
Častá chyba:
Learners may say 'do a foul' instead of 'commit a foul' or 'make a foul'. In sports English, 'commit a foul' is the most natural verb.
Význam
rule-breaking action in sport
Kolokace
commit a foul
|call a foul
|personal foul
|technical foul
|hard foul
|serious foul
Synonyma
penalty (Refers more to the punishment itself; in many sports it can also name the rule-breaking act.)
Antonyma
fair play (Refers to playing according to the rules and in a sportsmanlike way.)
Témata
sports
|competition
Definice
A move in a game or sport that breaks the rules.
An action in a sport that is not allowed by the rules and is punished by the referee or umpire.
B2
5
Vzorec užití:
foul [weather/conditions/mood]
The match was postponed due to foul weather.
A mérkőzést a rossz idő miatt elhalasztották.
We struggled through foul conditions on the mountain.
Zord körülmények között küszködtünk a hegyen.
Sailors warned of foul winds off the coast.
He arrived at work in a foul mood after standing in the rain.
The ferry was canceled because of foul seas and high waves.
Učební příklady
We stayed inside because of the foul weather.
Bent maradtunk a rossz idő miatt.
It was a foul night with wind and rain.
Zord éjszaka volt, széllel és esővel.
The team played in foul conditions.
She is in a foul mood today.
The ship met foul seas during the trip.
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes think 'foul mood' means 'dirty mood'. Here 'foul' means 'very bad or angry', not dirty or smelly.
Význam
very bad or stormy weather
Kolokace
foul weather
|foul conditions
|foul winds
|foul seas
|foul night
|foul mood
Synonyma
stormy (Focuses specifically on strong wind and rain; less general than 'foul'.)
Antonyma
fine (Commonly used for pleasant weather conditions.)
Témata
nature
|daily life
|travel
|weather
Definice
Very bad and unpleasant, especially about weather like heavy rain, wind, or storms.
Very bad, unpleasant, or stormy in a way that makes it difficult or uncomfortable to be outside, especially of weather or outdoor conditions.
SLOVESO
B1
6
Vzorec užití:
foul [someone] (in [a game])
The defender fouled him just outside the penalty area.
A védő közvetlenül a tizenhatoson kívül szabálytalankodott vele szemben.
She was fouled on the way to the basket and got two free throws.
Kosárra törés közben szabálytalankodtak vele szemben, ezért két büntetődobást kapott.
He kept fouling opponents until the referee finally booked him.
You can block the shot, but you must not foul the player.
The crowd booed when the star striker was obviously fouled.
Učební příklady
The defender fouled the striker in the box.
A védő a tizenhatoson belül szabálytalankodott a csatárral szemben.
He was fouled and then scored from the free kick.
Szabálytalankodtak vele szemben, majd a szabadrúgásból gólt szerzett.
Do not foul the other players.
She was fouled many times in the game.
If you foul him again, you will get a card.
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes say 'He did a foul him' instead of 'He fouled him' or 'He committed a foul on him'. The verb form is simply 'to foul someone'.
Význam
to commit a foul in sport
Kolokace
foul an opponent
|foul the striker
|foul a player
|repeatedly foul
|deliberately foul
Synonyma
trip (A specific type of foul involving making someone fall; narrower than 'foul'.)
Antonyma
tackle cleanly (Describes winning the ball without breaking the rules.)
Témata
sports
|competition
Definice
To hit, push, or hold another player in a game in a way that is not allowed by the rules.
To break the rules in a sport by making illegal physical contact with an opponent.
SLOVESO
C1
7
szennyez
B1
beszennyez
B2
Vzorec užití:
foul [something]
Factories along the coast used to foul the water with waste.
A part menti gyárak régen hulladékkal szennyezték a vizet.
Oil from the shipwreck fouled the beaches for miles.
A hajóroncsból szivárgó olaj kilométereken át beszennyezte a partokat.
The engine was fouled by old fuel and would not start.
Please don't foul the kitchen sink with grease.
They were criticized for fouling the air with toxic smoke.
Učební příklady
The factory fouled the river with waste.
A gyár hulladékkal szennyezte a folyót.
Oil from the boat fouled the beach.
A hajóból kifolyt olaj beszennyezte a partot.
Do not foul the floor with mud.
The old fuel fouled the engine.
Cars can foul the air in the city.
Častá chyba:
Learners may overuse 'pollute' in everyday, small situations (like dirtying a sink). 'Foul' can sound more natural when something is made dirty in a strong, physical way.
Význam
to dirty or pollute something
Kolokace
foul the water
|foul the air
|foul the river
|fouled engines
|foul the floor
|foul the nest
Synonyma
pollute (More formal and commonly used for environmental damage; 'foul' is slightly more vivid and physical.)
Antonyma
clean (General opposite, meaning to remove dirt or contamination.)
Témata
environment
|industry
|daily life
|nature
|science
Definice
To make something dirty or not clean, especially water, air, or a clean place.
To make something dirty or contaminated, especially water, air, or a surface.
B2
TECHNICAL
8
érvénytelen
B2
Vzorec užití:
foul [ball/line/territory]
He hit the ball deep but just foul down the left-field line.
Messzire ütötte a labdát, de az épp a bal oldali vonalon kívülre ment.
The umpire signaled a foul ball and the play was dead.
A bíró érvénytelen labdát jelzett, és a játék megállt.
They argued about whether the shot was fair or foul.
She kept slicing the ball foul into the stands.
The ball landed in foul territory and did not count.
Učební příklady
He hit a foul ball.
Pályán kívülre ütötte a labdát.
The ball was just foul, not fair.
A labda éppen vonalon kívül volt, nem érvényes területen.
The umpire called it a foul ball.
The ball went into foul territory.
She hit three balls foul before a hit.
Častá chyba:
Learners may confuse 'foul' and 'out' in baseball. A 'foul ball' is a ball hit outside the fair territory; in some situations it still counts as a strike, while 'out' means the batter or runner is removed from play.
Význam
outside the valid area of play
Kolokace
foul ball
|foul line
|foul territory
|hit it foul
|just foul
|slice foul
Synonyma
out-of-bounds (General sports term for outside the playing area; not specific to baseball and sometimes covers more situations.)
Antonyma
fair (In baseball, describes a ball hit inside the lines so that it counts as in play.)
Témata
sports
Definice
Outside the lines of the game area, so the ball or hit does not count, especially in baseball.
Outside the officially defined area of play so that the ball or action is not counted as in play, especially in sports such as baseball.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
foul
IPA
GB/fˈaʊl/
US/fˈaʊl/
Slabiky a přízvuk
foul (1 slabika)
Stress on 1st syllable (foul)
Tvary slova
Adjective
- Base: foul
- Comparative: fouler
- Superlative: foulest
Noun
- Base: foul
- Plural: fouls
Verb
- Base: foul
- 3rd Person Singular: fouls
- Present Participle: fouling
- Past: fouled
Příbuzná slova
Forms
fouls
noun
fouling
verb
fouled
verb
fouler
adjective
foulest
adjective
Related words
foully
adverb
Advanced or less common
foulness
noun
Výrazy
cry foul
1/kɹˈaɪ fˈaʊl/
idiom
to protest that something is unfair
To say loudly and strongly that something is wrong, unfair, or not honest.
Příklady
- Opposition parties cried foul over the new election rules.
- Fans cried foul when the goal was disallowed.
- Local residents are crying foul about plans to cut bus services.
foul ball
1/fˈaʊl bˈɔl/
fixed phrase
technical
baseball ball hit out of play
In baseball, a ball that is hit outside the side lines so it is not in play.
Příklady
- The batter hit a foul ball into the stands.
- He stayed alive by hitting several foul balls.
- The crowd ducked as a foul ball flew back over the dugout.
foul language
1/fˈaʊl lˈæŋɡwɪd͡ʒ/
fixed phrase
rude or obscene words
Very rude, dirty, or bad words that many people think are not polite.
Příklady
- The movie contains a lot of foul language and violence.
- He was sent off for using foul language towards the referee.
- Parents complained about the foul language on the show.
foul line
1/fˈaʊl lˈaɪn/
fixed phrase
technical
boundary line in sport
In sports like baseball or basketball, a line that shows where the playing area or special area begins or ends.
Příklady
- The ball landed just inside the foul line.
- He stood at the foul line to take his free throws.
- Paint on the foul lines had to be refreshed before the game.
foul mood
1/fˈaʊl mˈud/
fixed phrase
very bad or angry mood
A very bad, angry, or unhappy mood.
Příklady
- He was in a foul mood after missing his flight.
- Stay away from her this morning; she’s in a foul mood.
- The whole team was in a foul mood after the loss.
foul mouth
1/fˈaʊl mˈaʊθ/
fixed phrase
informal
habit of speaking with rude words
A way of speaking when someone often uses very rude or bad words.
Příklady
- He has a real foul mouth when he’s angry.
- She told her brother to watch his foul mouth around the kids.
- Their dad’s foul mouth embarrassed them in public.
foul out
1/fˈaʊl ˈaʊt/
phrasal verb
technical
be removed from game for fouls
In some sports, to have to leave the game because you have made too many fouls.
Příklady
- Their best defender fouled out in the third quarter.
- If you foul out early, your team will suffer.
- He nearly fouled out before halftime and had to play carefully.
foul play
1/fˈaʊl plˈeɪ/
idiom
criminal or violent behavior
Violent or criminal actions, especially when someone is hurt or killed on purpose.
Příklady
- Police said they did not suspect foul play in the man’s death.
- Investigators are now treating the fire as foul play.
- The insurance company will not pay out if there is evidence of foul play.
foul smell
1/fˈaʊl smˈɛl/
fixed phrase
extremely bad smell
A very strong and very unpleasant smell.
Příklady
- A foul smell was coming from the basement.
- We followed the foul smell to a dead animal in the garden.
- There is a foul smell in the bathroom that won’t go away.
foul up
1/fˈaʊl ˈʌp/
phrasal verb
informal
to mess something up badly
To do something very badly and cause mistakes or problems.
Příklady
- I really fouled up the report by deleting the main section.
- The new software update fouled up my phone settings.
- Try not to foul things up right before the deadline.
foul weather
1/fˈaʊl wˈɛðɚ/
fixed phrase
very bad or stormy weather
Very bad weather, with heavy rain, wind, or storms.
Příklady
- The ship turned back because of foul weather.
- Foul weather forced the cancellation of the outdoor concert.
- Hikers were warned to expect foul weather in the afternoon.
no harm, no foul
1/nˈoʊ hˈɑɹm | nˈoʊ fˈaʊl/
idiom
informal
no problem if nothing bad happened
Used to say that if no real damage or hurt happened, then there is no reason to be angry or blame someone.
Příklady
- You stepped on my foot, but it’s fine—no harm, no foul.
- The file was deleted but we had a backup, so no harm, no foul.
- He apologized and nothing was broken, so it was no harm, no foul.