rational
gb/ɹˈæʃənəl/ us/ɹˈæʃənəl/
B2
Angličtina
~ 8100
észszerű, racionális, józan, méltányos, reális
B2
1
észszerű
B1
racionális
B2
Vzorec užití:
a rational [decision/argument/explanation] about [something]
We need a rational plan for reducing costs without harming our staff.
Észszerű tervre van szükségünk a költségek csökkentésére úgy, hogy közben ne ártsunk a munkatársainknak.
Her decision to leave was completely rational once you know all the facts.
Az összes tény ismeretében teljesen észszerű volt, hogy a távozás mellett döntött.
The lawyer presented a clear, rational argument that convinced the jury.
Investors are looking for a rational explanation for the sudden drop in prices.
From a rational point of view, it makes sense to wait before buying a house.
Učební příklady
He made a rational choice after thinking for a long time.
Hosszú gondolkodás után észszerű döntést hozott.
Please give me a rational reason for changing the schedule.
Kérlek, adj egy észszerű indokot arra, miért kell megváltoztatni az időbeosztást.
Her report is very rational and easy to follow.
That is not a rational way to solve the problem.
They tried to have a rational discussion about money.
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes confuse "rational" (based on logic) with "rationale" (a noun meaning the reason or explanation for something). For example, "a clear rationale" is correct, not "a clear rational". Another mistake is using "rational" where "realistic" or "practical" is better, e.g. "a rational goal" vs. "a realistic goal".
Význam
based on clear, logical reasons
Kolokace
rational decision
|rational argument
|rational explanation
|rational conclusion
|rational analysis
|rational choice
Synonyma
logical (Focuses more strongly on following rules of logic and clear thinking.)
|
reasonable (Very close in meaning, but can sound slightly less formal and more about being sensible in real life.)
|
well-founded (Highlights that the decision or belief has strong reasons or evidence behind it.)
Antonyma
irrational (Describes ideas or decisions that do not follow reason or logic.)
|
emotional (In this context, emphasizes decisions guided mainly by feelings instead of careful thought.)
Témata
thinking
|communication
|work
|core_vocabulary
|education
Definice
Using clear thinking and good reasons, not just feelings, to decide or explain something.
Based on or in accordance with clear reasoning and logic, rather than feelings or guesses.
B2
2
józan
B1
racionális
B2
Vzorec užití:
[someone] is (not) rational
Try to stay rational and calm while we figure out what to do.
Próbálj meg józan és nyugodt maradni, amíg kitaláljuk, mit tegyünk.
She is usually very rational, even when everyone else is panicking.
Általában nagyon józanul gondolkodik, még akkor is, amikor mindenki más pánikol.
No rational person would invest all their savings in such a risky scheme.
He was too angry to be rational about the situation.
The therapist helped him become more rational in how he reacted to stress.
Učební příklady
Please be rational and listen to me.
Kérlek, gondolkodj józanul, és hallgass meg.
A rational person does not shout at their friends.
Egy józanul gondolkodó ember nem kiabál a barátaival.
He was not rational after he heard the bad news.
When I am tired, I am less rational.
She is very rational and does not make quick, emotional choices.
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes use "rational" only for ideas, not people, and say things like "He is a reason person" instead of "He is a rational person." They may also confuse "rational" with "rationalize" (a verb meaning to invent reasons to justify something, often in a negative sense).
Význam
able to think clearly and sensibly
Kolokace
rational person
|rational human being
|rational mind
|rational adult
|rational agent
|rational discussion
Synonyma
sane (Focuses more on mental health and not being mentally ill.)
|
clear-headed (Stresses being able to think clearly, especially in stressful situations.)
|
level-headed (Highlights calm and balanced judgment, especially under pressure.)
Antonyma
irrational (Describes a person who often acts or thinks without logic or good sense.)
|
crazy (Informal; suggests very unreasonable or mentally unstable behavior.)
Témata
personality
|emotions
|thinking
|health
Definice
Able to think clearly and calmly, and not act in a crazy or wild way.
Able to think, talk, and act in a clear, logical, and controlled way; showing mental soundness and self-control.
B2
3
Vzorec užití:
a rational [price/amount/expectation/demand]
We are asking for a rational price that reflects the car’s condition.
Olyan észszerű árat kérünk, amely tükrözi az autó állapotát.
Employees have a rational expectation of safe working conditions.
A munkavállalóknak észszerű elvárásuk, hogy biztonságos munkakörülmények között dolgozhassanak.
The judge said the company’s policy was not a rational response to the problem.
There is no rational limit on how many emails he sends each day.
Governments try to encourage the rational use of water in dry regions.
Učební příklady
The rent is high, but it is still rational for this area.
A bérleti díj magas, de ezen a környéken még reális.
We must keep our costs at a rational level.
Észszerű szinten kell tartanunk a költségeinket.
Parents should have rational rules for their children.
Your request for two days off is rational.
Her fears are rational, because the risk is real.
Častá chyba:
Learners often use only "reasonable" in this sense and may not realize that "rational" can also describe fair prices, demands, or expectations. Also, they sometimes say "rationally price" instead of "rational price"; here, "rational" is an adjective, not an adverb.
Význam
moderate and not extreme
Kolokace
rational price
|rational amount
|rational expectations
|rational demand
|rational level
|rational use
Synonyma
reasonable (The most common everyday choice; very close in meaning here.)
|
moderate (Emphasizes that something is in the middle, not too high or too low.)
Antonyma
excessive (Describes an amount or demand that is much too high.)
|
unreasonable (Covers prices, demands, or expectations that are unfair or too extreme.)
Témata
money
|work
|daily life
|core_vocabulary
|daily_life
Definice
Not too big, too hard, or too strong; fair and sensible in size or level.
Reasonable in amount, level, or expectation; not extreme, excessive, or too strict.
C1
TECHNICAL
4
racionális
B2
Vzorec užití:
a rational [number/function]
Every integer is also a rational number.
Minden egész szám egyben racionális szám is.
The teacher asked the students to decide whether each given value was rational or irrational.
A tanár arra kérte a diákokat, hogy döntsék el, az egyes megadott értékek racionálisak vagy irracionálisak-e.
The solution to the equation is not a rational number.
Rational coefficients make the polynomial easier to factor.
In this course we will study rational functions and their graphs.
Učební příklady
One half is a rational number.
Az 1/2 racionális szám.
Three is a rational number because it is 3 over 1.
A három racionális szám, mert felírható 3/1 alakban.
Pi is not a rational number.
Can you give an example of a rational number?
We must say if the number is rational or irrational.
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes think "rational" here means "reasonable" in the everyday sense. In math, it has a strict meaning: a number that can be written as one integer over another non-zero integer. They may also confuse "rational" with "real"; all rational numbers are real, but not all real numbers are rational.
Význam
of a number, expressible as a fraction
Kolokace
rational number
|rational function
|rational coefficient
|rational fraction
|rational root
|rational expression
Synonyma
non-irrational (Technical contrast term; means a number is not irrational, but "rational" is the standard precise term.)
Antonyma
irrational (In mathematics, describes numbers that cannot be written as a ratio of integers, such as π or √2.)
Témata
math
|science
|education
Definice
In math, about a number that you can write as one whole number divided by another whole number, where the second number is not zero.
In mathematics, of a number that can be written as the ratio of two integers, with a non-zero denominator.
C1
TECHNICAL
5
racionális
C1
Vzorec užití:
a rational [agent/actor/consumer/decision]
Classical economic models assume that each consumer is a rational agent.
A klasszikus közgazdasági modellek feltételezik, hogy minden fogyasztó racionális szereplő.
Game theory studies how rational players behave in strategic situations.
A játékelmélet azt vizsgálja, hogyan viselkednek a racionális játékosok stratégiai helyzetekben.
Under the rational expectations hypothesis, people use all available information when forming predictions.
The experiment showed that real human choices are not always rational in the strict economic sense.
Policy makers often forget that citizens are not perfectly rational when they make decisions.
Učební příklady
In this model, the buyer is a rational actor.
Ebben a modellben a vásárló racionális szereplő.
Economists often talk about a rational consumer.
A közgazdászok gyakran beszélnek racionális fogyasztóról.
A rational agent will not pay more than the product is worth to him.
The theory says people are rational, but real people make mistakes.
Game theory often starts with the idea of rational players.
Častá chyba:
Learners may think "rational" here simply means "smart" or "calm." In economics and decision theory, it has a stricter meaning: following consistent preferences and choosing the option that best reaches a goal. They may also mix this technical sense with the everyday idea of moral goodness; a "rational" choice in this sense is not always a kind or fair one.
Význam
economically or strategically optimizing
Kolokace
rational agent
|rational actor
|rational behavior
|rational choice
|rational expectations
|rational decision-making
Synonyma
utility-maximizing (Technical; emphasizes choosing the option that gives the highest measured benefit (utility).)
|
goal-oriented (More general; focuses on acting to reach goals, not necessarily in a fully mathematical way.)
Antonyma
irrational (In these fields, behavior that does not follow consistent preferences or does not best satisfy the agent’s stated goals.)
|
random (Describes behavior that does not follow a consistent pattern of choosing better options.)
Témata
economics
|philosophy
|science
|business
Definice
In economics and similar subjects, about a person or group that always chooses the best option for its goals, using all the information it has.
In economics, decision theory, or related fields, describing an agent or behavior that consistently chooses the option that best satisfies its goals or preferences, given the available information.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
rational
IPA
GB/ɹˈæʃənəl/
US/ɹˈæʃənəl/
Slabiky a přízvuk
ra - tion - al (3 slabiky)
Stress on 1st syllable (ra)
Tvary slova
Adjective
- Base: rational
Příbuzná slova
Core family
Related words
rationalize
verb
rationalization
noun
Negative and opposite forms
Advanced or less common
rationalism
noun C1
rationalist
noun
Výrazy
rational agent
1/ɹˈæʃənəl ˈeɪd͡ʒənt/
fixed phrase
technical
ideal decision-maker who optimizes goals
In economics and related fields, a person or thing that is treated as always choosing the best option to reach its goals.
Příklady
- Many economic models start with the idea of a perfectly rational agent.
- A rational agent should never accept a sure loss in a fair game.
- The study questions whether humans can really be seen as fully rational agents.
rational choice
1/ɹˈæʃənəl t͡ʃˈɔɪs/
fixed phrase
decision made through careful reasoning
A decision that is made after thinking clearly about the different options and their results.
Příklady
- Given our budget, moving to a smaller office is the rational choice.
- He tried to make a rational choice instead of just doing what felt good in the moment.
- From a health perspective, quitting smoking is the only rational choice.
rational fear
1/ɹˈæʃənəl fˈɪɹ/
fixed phrase
fear that makes sense given real risk
Fear that is understandable and sensible because there is a real and serious danger.
Příklady
- After the earthquake, many people had a rational fear of entering old buildings.
- Her fear of losing her job is rational, given the company’s financial problems.
- Being afraid of deep water when you cannot swim is a rational fear.
rational number
1/ɹˈæʃənəl nˈʌmbɚ/
fixed phrase
technical
number expressible as a ratio of integers
A number that you can write as one whole number over another whole number (except zero), like 1/2, -3, or 0.75.
Příklady
- All fractions with integer top and bottom are rational numbers.
- The square root of 4 is a rational number, but the square root of 2 is not.
- The teacher asked the class to give three examples of rational numbers.