autonomy
gb/ɔtˈɑnəmi/ us/ɔtˈɑnəmi/
B2
Angličtina
~ 6100
Významy
0 významů
Podstatné jméno
formal
B2
state
1
personal freedom to self-govern
The state of being able to decide and act for yourself, without other people telling you what to do.
Vzorec užití:
[someone] has [autonomy] in [area]
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes confuse "autonomy" with "automatic" or "autonomous" because they look similar. "Autonomy" is a noun meaning independence or self-rule; "autonomous" is the adjective. Some learners also use "freedom" when "autonomy" is better: "freedom" can mean no limits at all, while "autonomy" usually means controlled or responsible independence within some rules.
Synonyma
independence (More general and common; can refer to financial, emotional, or political freedom, not only decision-making about oneself.)
|
self-determination (Emphasizes the right to choose one’s own goals and life path; slightly more formal and philosophical.)
|
self-governance (Stresses managing and controlling one’s own behavior or life according to one’s own rules or values.)
Antonyma
dependence (Suggests needing others for decisions or support, the opposite of being able to decide for yourself.)
|
control (Refers to domination or strong influence by others, which removes a person’s ability to act autonomously.)
Kolokace
personal autonomy
|individual autonomy
|a sense of autonomy
|respect [someone]'s autonomy
|greater autonomy
|loss of autonomy
Témata
psychology
|ethics
|society
|core_vocabulary
|relationships
Příklady
- The company encourages employee autonomy, allowing staff to decide how best to organize their own work.
- As teenagers grow older, they usually want more autonomy from their parents.
- Respecting a patient’s autonomy is a key principle in medical ethics.
- Financial autonomy gave her the confidence to leave a job she no longer enjoyed.
- Online learning can increase students’ sense of autonomy over what and when they study.
Učební příklady
- Many young adults want more autonomy in their lives.
- My boss gives me a lot of autonomy to plan my day.
- Good parents give children some autonomy but still set rules.
- The doctor must respect the patient’s autonomy.
- Having money can give people more autonomy.
Podstatné jméno
formal
C1
state
2
self-government of region or group
The situation when a region, group, or organization can make its own rules and plans, without full control from a higher power or government.
Vzorec užití:
[region/group] gains [autonomy] from [state/authority]
Častá chyba:
Learners may confuse this sense with personal autonomy. When talking about countries, regions, or organizations, "autonomy" usually means political or administrative self-government, not personal freedom. Also, learners sometimes say *"autonomy of"* when *"autonomy for"* or *"autonomy within"* is more natural, as in "autonomy for the region" or "autonomy within the organization."
Synonyma
self-government (Very close in meaning; commonly used for regions and political entities that run their own affairs.)
|
home rule (Mainly political; often used about regions within a country having their own local government.)
Antonyma
centralization (Refers to power being held at the center, the opposite of giving autonomy to local or regional bodies.)
|
direct rule (Describes control by a central authority with little or no local self-government.)
Kolokace
political autonomy
|regional autonomy
|local autonomy
|grant autonomy
|limited autonomy
|autonomy within [an organization]
Témata
politics
|law
|geography
Příklady
- The province has a high degree of autonomy in setting its own education policies.
- Negotiations focused on granting greater political autonomy to the region’s minority population.
- The university enjoys considerable autonomy from the national government.
- Local councils are asking for more autonomy over housing and transport decisions.
- Under the new constitution, the islands were promised limited autonomy within the state.
Učební příklady
- The region wants more autonomy from the central government.
- The new law gives local schools more autonomy.
- Many cities do not have full autonomy; they must follow national rules.
- The group asked the company for autonomy in how they run the project.
- Some areas have political autonomy but still share the same army and money.
Podstatné jméno
technical
C1
state
3
self-directed operation of systems
The ability of a machine or system to work and decide by itself, without a person controlling every action.
Vzorec užití:
[system/machine] operates with [degree] of autonomy
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes think "autonomy" in technology only means "automatic" or "without people". In this sense, it usually also includes some level of decision-making or choice by the system, not just automatic repeating of a fixed action.
Synonyma
self-governance (In technical contexts, highlights a system’s ability to manage its own behavior according to internal rules.)
|
independence (Less technical; used to say that a system does not rely on constant human input.)
Antonyma
manual control (Describes systems that require direct human operation for each action, the opposite of autonomous operation.)
|
remote control (Emphasizes that an external operator is directing the system’s actions, not the system itself.)
Kolokace
robotic autonomy
|vehicle autonomy
|a high degree of autonomy
|levels of autonomy
|full autonomy
Témata
technology
|engineering
|computing
Příklady
- Modern drones can fly with a high level of autonomy, adjusting their route in real time.
- Engineers are working to increase the autonomy of self-driving cars in complex city traffic.
- The spacecraft achieved full autonomy during the long journey, handling navigation and system checks automatically.
- In the factory, robots operate with enough autonomy to adapt to minor changes in the production line.
Učební příklady
- The new robot has more autonomy than the old one.
- Some cars can drive with almost full autonomy on the highway.
- We need to limit the autonomy of the system for safety.
- High autonomy means the machine can make many choices by itself.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
autonomy
IPA
GB/ɔtˈɑnəmi/
US/ɔtˈɑnəmi/
Slabiky a přízvuk
autonomy (1 slabika)
Tvary slova
Noun
- Base: autonomy
- Plural: autonomies, autonomy
Příbuzná slova
Forms
autonomies
noun
Core family
autonomous
adjective B2
autonomously
adverb B2
Negative and opposite forms
non-autonomous
adjective
Výrazy
a degree of autonomy
1/ə dɪɡɹˈi əv ɔtˈɑnəmi/
fixed phrase
formal
some amount of independence
Some, but not total, freedom to make your own decisions or control your own work.
Příklady
- Teachers are given a degree of autonomy in how they design their lessons.
- The software agent has a degree of autonomy, but humans still review major decisions.
autonomy of the will
1/ɔtˈɑnəmi əv ðə wˈɪl/
fixed phrase
formal
self-legislating moral will
A philosophy idea that a person’s will follows rules it gives itself, not just rules from outside, when choosing what is right or wrong.
Příklady
- Kant’s ethics is built on the idea of the autonomy of the will.
- Some philosophers argue that true responsibility requires autonomy of the will.
bodily autonomy
1/bˈɑdəli ɔtˈɑnəmi/
fixed phrase
formal
control over one’s own body
The right of a person to make decisions about their own body, such as medical treatment, sex, or pregnancy, without pressure from others.
Příklady
- The campaign focuses on bodily autonomy and the importance of consent.
- Doctors must respect patients’ bodily autonomy when discussing treatment options.
grant autonomy
1/ɡɹˈænt ɔtˈɑnəmi/
fixed phrase
formal
give someone the right to self-rule
To give someone or some group the official power to make their own decisions, without as much control from a higher authority.
Příklady
- The central government agreed to grant autonomy to the northern provinces.
- The manager decided to grant more autonomy to the team leaders.
learner autonomy
1/lˈɚnɚ ɔtˈɑnəmi/
fixed phrase
formal
students’ control over their learning
When students take responsibility for their own learning, for example by choosing tasks, planning study time, and checking their own progress.
Příklady
- Online courses can support learner autonomy by offering flexible paths and resources.
- The teacher used project work to encourage learner autonomy in the language classroom.
limited autonomy
1/lˈɪmɪtɪd ɔtˈɑnəmi/
fixed phrase
formal
restricted or partial independence
A situation where someone or a group can make some decisions alone, but many important rules still come from others.
Příklady
- The region has only limited autonomy and must follow national tax laws.
- Interns have limited autonomy and need approval for most tasks.
local autonomy
1/lˈoʊkəl ɔtˈɑnəmi/
fixed phrase
formal
self-rule at local level
The power of towns, cities, or local areas to make their own rules and plans, not just follow orders from the national government.
Příklady
- The reform aims to strengthen local autonomy in education and health services.
- Many mayors argue that local autonomy leads to more effective policies.
personal autonomy
1/pˈɚsənəl ɔtˈɑnəmi/
fixed phrase
formal
an individual’s independent self-rule
A person’s right and ability to make their own choices about their life and body, without others deciding for them.
Příklady
- Therapy can help people rebuild personal autonomy after a controlling relationship.
- The school’s rules try to balance safety with students’ personal autonomy.
political autonomy
1/pəlˈɪtɪkəl ɔtˈɑnəmi/
fixed phrase
formal
self-government in politics
The power of a region or group to make its own political rules and decisions, instead of being fully controlled by a central government.
Příklady
- The peace agreement guarantees political autonomy for the area’s ethnic minority.
- Many activists are calling for greater political autonomy rather than full independence.
professional autonomy
1/pɹəfˈɛʃənəl ɔtˈɑnəmi/
fixed phrase
formal
independence in professional decisions
The freedom that professionals, like doctors or teachers, have to use their own judgment at work without too much interference.
Příklady
- Nurses are asking for greater professional autonomy in clinical decision-making.
- Too many rules can reduce teachers’ professional autonomy in the classroom.