liberalization
gb/lˌɪbɚəlaɪzˈeɪʃən/ us/lˌɪbɚəlaɪzˈeɪʃən/
C1
Angličtina
~ 7200
Významy
0 významů
Podstatné jméno
technical
C1
action
1
reducing government control of the economy
The process when a government reduces rules and controls so that markets, trade, or industries can be more open and competitive.
Vzorec užití:
the liberalization of [sector/market/policy]
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes confuse 'liberalization' with 'liberation'. 'Liberalization' is about reducing rules and controls, especially in the economy, while 'liberation' is about being set free from control or oppression. Another mistake is using it without a specific area; it is usually followed by 'of' plus a sector or policy, as in 'liberalization of the energy market'.
Synonyma
deregulation (Stresses removing rules and controls, especially in specific industries, while liberalization often includes a broader shift toward market policies.)
|
economic opening (Highlights opening the economy to outside trade and investment, often used for countries moving from closed to open markets.)
Antonyma
regulation (Focuses on creating or strengthening rules and controls, the opposite direction of liberalization.)
|
protectionism (Emphasizes keeping out foreign competition through tariffs and barriers, which liberalization usually tries to reduce.)
Kolokace
economic liberalization
|market liberalization
|trade liberalization
|financial liberalization
|liberalization reforms
|liberalization of the energy sector
Témata
economics
|politics
|business
|finance
Příklady
- The government announced a new wave of economic liberalization to attract foreign investors.
- Trade liberalization has lowered tariffs on imported goods across the region.
- Rapid financial liberalization in the 1990s led to a sharp increase in cross-border capital flows.
- Critics argue that market liberalization has widened the gap between rich and poor.
- The liberalization of the telecom sector brought in several private competitors and reduced prices.
Učební příklady
- Economic liberalization made it easier for foreign companies to do business in the country.
- After the liberalization of the banking sector, customers had more choices.
- Trade liberalization reduced taxes on many imported products.
- The country started liberalization reforms to move from a planned economy to a market economy.
- Some people worry that fast liberalization can harm small local businesses.
Podstatné jméno
formal
C1
action
2
making rules or systems less strict
The process when laws, rules, or systems become less strict and people gain more freedom or rights.
Vzorec užití:
the liberalization of [laws/system/policy]
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes use 'liberalization' to talk about one person becoming more open-minded. In that case, 'becoming more liberal' or 'becoming more open-minded' is more natural; 'liberalization' is normally used for systems, laws, or societies. It is also often followed by 'of' plus a specific area, such as 'liberalization of media laws' or 'liberalization of the political system'.
Synonyma
relaxation (A more general word meaning making rules less strict; it does not specifically suggest greater freedom or rights as strongly as liberalization does.)
|
democratization (Refers specifically to making a political system more democratic; it overlaps with political liberalization but is narrower in focus.)
Antonyma
tightening (Describes making rules or controls stricter, the opposite of liberalization in a general sense.)
|
repression (Refers to harsh control and limiting freedoms, which liberalization usually works against in political or social contexts.)
Kolokace
political liberalization
|social liberalization
|liberalization of immigration laws
|liberalization of censorship rules
|media liberalization
|liberalization of the political system
Témata
politics
|society
|law
|core_vocabulary
Příklady
- Recent liberalization of immigration laws has allowed more skilled workers to settle in the country.
- Many activists see press liberalization as a key step toward greater transparency.
- The liberalization of divorce laws in the 1970s changed family life in many countries.
- Political liberalization began slowly, with the release of prisoners and the legalisation of opposition parties.
- Social liberalization has led to wider acceptance of different lifestyles and identities.
Učební příklady
- The liberalization of media rules allowed more independent newspapers to open.
- Political liberalization gave citizens more chances to vote and speak freely.
- Social liberalization has changed how many people think about marriage.
- The new government promised the liberalization of strict internet laws.
- Human rights groups called for the liberalization of old security laws.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
liberalization
IPA
GB/lˌɪbɚəlaɪzˈeɪʃən/
US/lˌɪbɚəlaɪzˈeɪʃən/
Slabiky a přízvuk
lib - er - al - iz - a - tion (6 slabik)
Stress on 4th syllable (iz)
Tvary slova
Noun
- Base: liberalization
- Plural: liberalization, liberalizations
Příbuzná slova
Forms
liberalizations
noun
Core family
liberalize
verb C1
liberal
adjective B2
Related words
liberalism
noun B2
liberally
adverb B2
Negative and opposite forms
illiberal
adjective
Advanced or less common
illiberalism
noun
Výrazy
economic liberalization
1/ˌɛkənˈɑmɪk lˌɪbɚəlaɪzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
reducing state control of the economy
When a government reduces its control over the economy so that markets and private companies have more freedom.
Příklady
- Economic liberalization in the 1990s transformed the country’s private sector.
- Many developing nations have pursued economic liberalization to encourage foreign investment.
financial liberalization
1/fɪnˈænʃəl lˌɪbɚəlaɪzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
reducing controls on finance
When a government removes or reduces controls on banks, money movements, and interest rates.
Příklady
- Financial liberalization allowed banks to offer new kinds of loans and investments.
- Rapid financial liberalization can increase growth but also raise the risk of crises.
liberalization of laws
1/lˌɪbɚəlaɪzˈeɪʃən əv lˈɔz/
fixed phrase
formal
making laws less strict
When a government changes laws so they are less strict and give people more freedom.
Příklady
- The liberalization of laws on free speech was welcomed by activists.
- Liberalization of laws often happens step by step rather than all at once.
market liberalization
1/mˈɑɹkɪt lˌɪbɚəlaɪzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
opening markets to competition
When a government allows more companies to compete in a market by removing rules that blocked them before.
Příklady
- Market liberalization in the energy sector led to lower prices for consumers.
- After market liberalization, several foreign firms entered the local telecom industry.
political liberalization
1/pəlˈɪtɪkəl lˌɪbɚəlaɪzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
making a political system more open
When a government allows more political freedom, such as free elections, opposition parties, and open discussion.
Příklady
- Political liberalization began with local elections and limited press freedom.
- Many observers doubt that real political liberalization will happen under the current leadership.
social liberalization
1/sˈoʊʃəl lˌɪbɚəlaɪzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
making social norms less strict
When a society becomes more open and accepting, and laws about private life become less strict.
Příklady
- Social liberalization has changed attitudes toward marriage and family roles.
- Younger generations have pushed for social liberalization on many issues.
trade liberalization
1/tɹˈeɪd lˌɪbɚəlaɪzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
reducing barriers to international trade
When countries lower or remove taxes and limits on imports and exports so it is easier to trade across borders.
Příklady
- Trade liberalization has increased the flow of goods between the two regions.
- Some workers oppose trade liberalization because they fear losing their jobs.