Actor / Source
Subject
Agent
Causer
Who or what starts the event?
core
basic
Scene core
معنا
The participant that acts, causes, initiates, controls, or is presented as the source of an event.
چطور آن را تشخیص دهید
Ask who is doing, causing, or starting the event.
نمونهها
واژهها
I|Peter|the dog|the machine|the wind
عبارتها
the teacher explains|the wind opens
جمله
The dog bit the postman.
Visual guide
Basic shape
ACTOR / SOURCE who starts the event? [the dog] -> bit -> postman [the wind] -> opens [the teacher] -> explains = doer/causer/source
Compare shape
Actor clues may differ order: [dog] bit postman case: [dog-NOM/ERG] agreement: dog -> verb pronoun form: I / me topic: [dog-TOP] voice: by [dog] role = event starter
نمای زبان
در زبان شما
Persian (Farsi, standard Iranian)
میزان حضور
strong
اهمیت
Actors are usually before the verb, and the verb agrees with the subject.
من چای میخورم.
I tea eat.
در زبان در حال یادگیری
Arabic (Modern Standard)
میزان حضور
strong
دشواری
Actors are often nominative and reflected in verb agreement; explicit subjects can be omitted when the verb is enough.
كتب الطالب الدرس.
The student wrote the lesson.
چالش رایج زبانآموزان
Learners may rely only on word order and miss agreement or nominative marking.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.