D12
extended
Relations
Logical relations
Time-Relation Link
Before, after, during, or while what?
intermediate
Temporal subordinator
Before/after clause
While-clause
Makna
A relation that orders two events relative to each other in time.
Cara mengenalinya
Ask which event happens before, after, while, until, or since another.
Contoh
Kata
before|after|while|until|since
Frasa
before dinner|after I arrived|while waiting
Kalimat
Call me before you leave.
Visual guide
Basic shape
time-relation frame [event A] timed by [event B] Call me before you leave call < leave (< means earlier)
Compare shape
A = main event, B = anchor before B: A < B after B: B < A while B: A overlaps B until B: A lasts to B since B: A starts at B
Tinjauan bahasa
Dalam bahasa ibu Anda
Indonesia
Kemunculan
strong
Tingkat kepentingan
Temporal relations use words such as sebelum, sesudah, setelah, ketika, saat, and sementara.
Saya makan setelah bekerja.
I eat after working.
Dalam bahasa yang dipelajari
Inggris
Kemunculan
strong
Tingkat kesulitan
English uses before, after, while, when, until, since, and once to link events in time.
Call me before you leave.
before you leave = time relation
Kendala umum pembelajar
Learners may choose wrong tense or connector in time clauses.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.