cold
gb/kˈoʊld/ us/kˈoʊld/
A1
英語
~ 2500
hideg, megfázás, nátha, rideg, távolságtartó, zárkózott, felkészülés nélkül, bemelegítés nélkül, próba nélkül, halott, kihűlt
A1
1
hideg
A1
用法パターン：
[something] is cold
The water in the lake was too cold to swim in.
A tó vize túl hideg volt az úszáshoz.
It's cold outside, so wear a jacket.
Kint hideg van, úgyhogy vegyél fel kabátot.
She held the cold metal rail and shivered.
The soup has gone cold; let's reheat it.
Cold winds blew across the valley.
学習者向け例文
The water is cold.
Hideg a víz.
Today is very cold.
Ma nagyon hideg van.
My hands are cold.
This drink is cold.
The room is cold.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes confuse 'cold' with 'cool', but 'cool' is milder and often pleasant, while 'cold' usually feels uncomfortable.
意味
Having a low temperature
コロケーション
cold weather
|cold drink
|cold water
|cold wind
|cold day
類義語
chilly (Slightly informal; often suggests an unpleasant coolness.)
対義語
hot (Describes something with a high temperature.)
テーマ
weather
|daily life
|core_vocabulary
定義
Having a temperature that is not warm or hot.
Having a temperature noticeably lower than that of the human body or the surrounding environment.
名詞
A2
2
用法パターン：
have/get a cold
I can't come to work today because I have a bad cold.
Ma nem tudok bemenni dolgozni, mert csúnyán meg vagyok fázva.
She caught a cold after walking home in the rain.
Megfázott, miután hazasétált az esőben.
It usually takes about a week to get over a cold.
The common cold spreads easily among children.
Drinking water can help when you have a cold.
学習者向け例文
I have a cold.
Meg vagyok fázva.
He got a cold last week.
Múlt héten megfázott.
She caught a cold at school.
My sister has a bad cold.
Cold is common in winter.
よくある間違い：
Some learners confuse 'cold' (illness) with 'cold' (temperature). Context usually makes the meaning clear.
意味
Mild viral illness
コロケーション
catch a cold
|have a cold
|get over a cold
|common cold
類義語
head cold (Specifies that the symptoms are in the head area; informal.)
対義語
good health (The absence of illness or disease.)
テーマ
health
|daily life
|body
|daily_life
定義
A sickness that makes your nose run and your throat hurt.
A common viral infection affecting the nose and throat, causing symptoms such as a runny nose, sneezing, and sore throat.
B1
3
用法パターン：
[someone] is cold to [someone]
He gave me a cold stare and walked away.
Rideg pillantást vetett rám, majd elsétált.
Her voice was cold and formal during the meeting.
A megbeszélésen a hangja rideg és hivatalos volt.
Despite the warm welcome from others, he remained cold toward her.
She spoke in a cold tone that made him uncomfortable.
学習者向け例文
He is cold to me.
Ridegen viselkedik velem.
Her voice is cold.
Rideg a hangja.
They are cold to strangers.
The teacher was cold today.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes confuse this with 'cool' meaning 'calm'. Here, 'cold' suggests unfriendliness, not composure.
意味
Unfriendly or unemotional
コロケーション
cold look
|cold voice
|cold manner
類義語
aloof (More formal; emphasizes emotional distance.)
対義語
warm (Describes someone showing kindness and friendliness.)
テーマ
emotions
|social
|relationships
定義
Not friendly and not showing feelings.
Showing no friendliness, affection, or sympathy; emotionally distant.
B2
4
He was asked to speak cold, without any notes.
Azt kérték tőle, hogy felkészülés és jegyzetek nélkül beszéljen.
The actor had to perform the scene cold after reading it once.
A színésznek egyszeri olvasás után, próba nélkül kellett eljátszania a jelenetet.
I had to answer the question cold, without time to think.
学習者向け例文
I had to sing cold.
Bemelegítés nélkül kellett énekelnem.
She answered the question cold.
Felkészülés nélkül válaszolt a kérdésre.
He started the job cold.
意味
Without preparation or warning
コロケーション
cold call
|cold start
類義語
unprepared (General term meaning lacking preparation; not as idiomatic.)
対義語
prepared (Ready for something in advance.)
テーマ
daily life
|core_vocabulary
定義
Happening without time to get ready.
Done suddenly and without any preparation or warm-up.
B2
5
They found the man lying cold on the floor.
A férfit holtan, kihűlve találták meg a padlón.
The animal was already cold when they discovered it.
Az állat már halott volt, és kihűlt, mire rátaláltak.
His hand was cold in hers, and she knew he was gone.
学習者向け例文
The body was cold.
A holttest már kihűlt.
His hand is cold and still.
A keze hideg és mozdulatlan.
The bird is cold and dead.
意味
Dead, lacking warmth of life
コロケーション
stone-cold dead
類義語
lifeless (Focuses on absence of life, not specifically temperature.)
対義語
alive (Living, not dead.)
テーマ
death
|health
|body
定義
Dead, with no warmth in the body.
Having lost all body heat and signs of life; dead.
文法
辞書形
cold
IPA
GB/kˈoʊld/
US/kˈoʊld/
音節・強勢
cold （1音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (cold)
活用形
Adjective
- Base: cold
- Comparative: colder
- Superlative: coldest
Noun
- Base: cold
- Plural: cold, colds
関連語
表現
catch a cold
1/kˈæt͡ʃ ə kˈoʊld/
fixed phrase
Become ill with a cold
To get sick with a common illness that makes your nose run and your throat hurt.
例文
- If you stay out in the rain too long, you might catch a cold.
- She caught a cold from her coworker last week.
cold call
1/kˈoʊld kˈɔl/
fixed phrase
Unsolicited sales phone call
To phone someone you do not know to sell something or ask for something.
例文
- Salespeople often make dozens of cold calls each day.
- I received a cold call about switching my internet provider.
left out in the cold
1/lˈɛft ˈaʊt ˈɪn ðə kˈoʊld/
idiom
Excluded from participation or benefit
Not included in something; ignored by others.
例文
- She felt left out in the cold when her friends didn't invite her to the party.
- Small businesses are often left out in the cold by new government policies.
stone-cold
1/stˈoʊn kˈoʊld/
fixed phrase
Completely without warmth or heat
Very, very cold; having no heat at all.
例文
- By the time we ate, the pizza was stone-cold.
- The water from the tap was stone-cold in winter.
in cold blood
1/ˈɪn kˈoʊld blˈʌd/
idiom
deliberately and without emotion (esp. killing)
To do something bad on purpose and without feeling sorry, especially killing someone.
例文
- The victim was murdered in cold blood.
- The crime was committed in cold blood.
- He shot them in cold blood.
- He killed them in cold blood after planning it for weeks.
- He killed the animal in cold blood.
in cold blood
2/ˈɪn kˈoʊld blˈʌd/
idiom
Deliberately and without mercy (often killing)
To do something on purpose without feeling sorry, usually something very bad like killing someone.
例文
- The crime was committed in cold blood.
- He murdered them in cold blood.