cull
gb/kˈʌl/ us/kˈʌl/
C1
英語
kiválogat, kiszűr, ritkít, leöl, kigyűjt, merít, állományritkítás, selejtállat, szed, leszed
動詞
C1
1
用法パターン：
cull [items/people] (from [group/list])
We culled the list of applicants down to ten finalists.
A jelentkezők listáját tíz döntősre szűkítettük.
The editor culled several repetitive paragraphs from the draft.
A szerkesztő több ismétlődő bekezdést kihúzott a kéziratból.
The museum is culling damaged items from its storage collection.
学習者向け例文
I culled the photos and deleted the blurry ones.
Átválogattam a fotókat, és töröltem az elmosódottakat.
They culled the list to five names.
Öt névre szűkítették a listát.
よくある間違い：
Don’t confuse cull (/kʌl/) with call (/kɔːl/) or cull with kill in every context.
意味
remove the unwanted from a group
コロケーション
cull the list
|cull names
|cull candidates
|cull applications
|cull outdated books
|cull weak ideas
|cull unnecessary details
|cull low performers
|cull items from the catalog
|cull the collection
類義語
weed out (Emphasizes removing the bad or unsuitable.)
|
eliminate (More general; can sound more formal or final.)
対義語
keep (Means not removing items from the group.)
|
include (Means adding or retaining rather than removing.)
テーマ
work
|education
|daily_life
|selection
定義
To take out the ones you don’t want from a group.
To remove things or people that are not needed or not good enough from a larger group, leaving a smaller or better set.
動詞
C1
2
用法パターン：
cull [animals] (to [purpose])
Officials ordered a cull of the infected poultry to stop the outbreak.
A járvány megfékezésére a hatóságok elrendelték a fertőzött baromfi leölését.
The park service culled deer to prevent overgrazing.
A park igazgatósága ritkította a szarvasállományt, hogy megelőzze a túllegelést.
Farmers may cull older animals when feed is scarce.
学習者向け例文
They culled some deer to reduce the population.
Néhány szarvast kilőttek, hogy csökkentsék az állományt.
よくある間違い：
In this sense, cull usually means killing, not just choosing.
意味
kill animals to reduce numbers
コロケーション
cull deer
|cull badgers
|cull the herd
|cull the flock
|mass cull
|humanely cull
|cull infected birds
|cull animals to control disease
|selectively cull
|government cull
類義語
slaughter (More direct and often harsher; not necessarily selective.)
|
thin (Often used for wildlife/forestry; focuses on reducing numbers.)
対義語
protect (Opposite goal: keep animals safe rather than kill them.)
|
conserve (Focuses on maintaining populations rather than reducing them.)
テーマ
animals
|environment
|agriculture
|public_health
定義
To kill some animals to control the population or disease.
To kill some animals in a herd or wild population in order to reduce numbers, improve herd quality, or control disease.
動詞
C1
FORMAL
3
用法パターン：
cull [information/quotes/data] from [sources]
The report culled data from three national surveys.
A jelentés három országos felmérésből merített adatokat.
Many of the examples were culled from real customer emails.
A példák közül sokat valódi ügyfél-e-mailekből gyűjtöttek össze.
She culled key quotations from dozens of articles.
学習者向け例文
He culled facts from several websites.
Több weboldalról gyűjtött ki tényeket.
よくある間違い：
Common in passive form: 'be culled from' (= taken from).
意味
gather information by selecting sources
コロケーション
cull information
|cull data
|cull statistics
|cull facts
|cull quotes
|cull insights
|cull details
|culled from reports
|culled from interviews
|culled from the internet
類義語
extract (Highlights pulling something out from within a source.)
|
compile (Emphasizes assembling selected material into one place.)
対義語
ignore (Means not using information from a source.)
|
invent (Means making up information rather than taking it from sources.)
テーマ
information
|media
|research
|work
定義
To take useful information from different sources.
To collect or extract useful pieces of information by selecting them from one or more sources.
名詞
C1
4
用法パターン：
a cull (of [animals])
A cull was announced after the disease was detected in the region.
Miután kimutatták a betegséget a térségben, állományritkítást jelentettek be.
The council approved a cull of deer in the overpopulated areas.
A tanács jóváhagyta a túlszaporodott területeken élő szarvasok ritkítását.
There was public protest against the planned cull.
学習者向け例文
They planned a cull of deer.
Szarvasállomány-ritkítást terveztek.
意味
the act of reducing by removal
コロケーション
a deer cull
|an annual cull
|a targeted cull
|a selective cull
|a large-scale cull
|a government cull
|a cull of infected animals
|a cull program
|a cull policy
|a planned cull
類義語
reduction (General term; not necessarily selective.)
|
slaughter (Focuses on killing; may imply less selectivity.)
対義語
restocking (Adding animals/items rather than reducing them.)
|
increase (The opposite direction of change in size.)
テーマ
animals
|environment
|agriculture
|selection
定義
An organized removal (often killing) of some animals or items.
The process or event of removing selected members of a group, especially animals, to reduce the group or improve its overall quality.
名詞
C2
TECHNICAL
5
selejtállat
C1
用法パターン：
a cull; culls
The culls were separated from the main herd before winter.
A selejtállatokat a tél előtt elkülönítették a fő csordától.
Older cows are often sold as culls at the end of the season.
Az idősebb teheneket a szezon végén gyakran selejtállatként értékesítik.
The vet helped the farmer decide which animals were culls.
意味
an animal removed from a herd
コロケーション
breeding cull
|cull cow
|cull ewes
|identify culls
|sell culls
|separate culls
|market culls
|culls at auction
|cull animals
|cull stock
類義語
reject (General word for something not accepted; not specific to animals.)
|
nonbreeder (Focuses specifically on breeding suitability.)
対義語
breeder (An animal kept for breeding, not removed.)
|
keeper (Informal; something chosen to be kept.)
テーマ
animals
|agriculture
定義
An animal chosen to be removed from a herd.
An animal that is selected to be removed from a herd or breeding group, often because it is old, sick, or not suitable for breeding.
動詞
C2
LITERARY
6
用法パターン：
cull [flowers/fruit] (from [place])
They culled wild berries along the trail.
Vad bogyókat szedegettek az ösvény mentén.
She culled a few roses from the garden for the table.
Leszedett néhány rózsát a kertből az asztalra.
Fresh herbs were culled from the planter outside the kitchen.
意味
pick flowers or fruit
コロケーション
cull flowers
|cull roses
|cull blossoms
|cull herbs
|cull berries
|cull fruit
|cull wild berries
|cull from the garden
|cull from the hedgerow
|cull from the field
類義語
pick (Everyday word; less formal.)
|
gather (Often suggests collecting in quantity.)
対義語
plant (Opposite action: putting plants in rather than taking out.)
|
leave (Not taking the flowers/fruit.)
テーマ
nature
|food
|daily_life
定義
To pick flowers or fruit (literary).
To pick or gather something, especially flowers or fruit, from where it grows, often by selecting the best ones.
文法
辞書形
cull
IPA
GB/kˈʌl/
US/kˈʌl/
音節・強勢
cull （1音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (cull)
活用形
Noun
- Base: cull
- Plural: culls
Verb
- Base: cull
- 3rd Person Singular: culls
- Present Participle: culling
- Past: culled
関連語
表現
cull and destroy
1/kˈʌl ˈænd dɪstɹˈɔɪ/
fixed phrase
technical
kill to stop disease spread
To kill animals to stop a disease spreading.
例文
- Veterinary authorities used a cull-and-destroy policy to contain the outbreak.
- The farm was required to cull and destroy all exposed birds.
- Officials defended the decision to cull and destroy the herd after the positive test.
cull out
1/kˈʌl ˈaʊt/
phrasal verb
remove as unsuitable
To take out the ones you don’t want.
例文
- We culled out duplicate records before analyzing the data.
- The coach culled out the weakest players during tryouts.
- She culled out the clothes she no longer wore.
学習者向け例文
- I culled out the old files.
cull the herd
1/kˈʌl ðə hˈɚd/
idiom
business
cut down a group’s numbers
To reduce a group by removing the weakest members.
例文
- The company decided to cull the herd and focus on its most profitable products.
- After the merger, management culled the herd of redundant roles.
- The program culled the herd by dropping the least active users.