absence
gb/ˈæbsəns/ us/ˈæbsəns/
A2
英語
~ 1700
語義
0件の語義
名詞
A2
state
1
state of being away
When someone or something is not in a place.
用法パターン：
the absence of [someone/something]
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes confuse 'absence' with 'holiday' or 'leave', but 'absence' only means not being present, without implying a reason.
類義語
nonattendance (More formal; often used for official or recorded situations.)
対義語
presence (Refers to the state of being in a place, the opposite of being absent.)
コロケーション
in someone's absence
|absence from work
|long absence
|total absence
|unexpected absence
テーマ
daily life
|work
|school
|daily_life
例文
- Her absence from the meeting was noticed by everyone.
- During his absence, the team struggled to meet deadlines.
- There was a noticeable absence of laughter in the room.
- The manager explained the rules in the absence of the director.
- His long absence raised concerns among his friends.
学習者向け例文
- She was absent from school yesterday.
- There is no teacher in the room, so we notice her absence.
- I saw an empty chair, showing his absence.
- We talked about you in your absence.
- His absence made the game less fun.
名詞
B1
state
2
lack or shortage of something
When something that should be there is missing.
用法パターン：
the absence of [something]
よくある間違い：
Learners may use 'missing' instead of 'absence' in formal writing; 'absence' is preferred for abstract or formal contexts.
類義語
lack (More general and common; can be used in more contexts.)
対義語
presence (In this sense, means the existence or availability of something.)
コロケーション
absence of evidence
|absence of light
|complete absence
|apparent absence
テーマ
general
|science
|philosophy
|core_vocabulary
例文
- In the absence of clear rules, people did what they wanted.
- The absence of sunlight affects plant growth.
- There was a surprising absence of traffic this morning.
- An absence of trust can ruin a relationship.
- The report noted an absence of reliable data.
学習者向け例文
- There is an absence of water in the desert.
- The room was cold because of the absence of heat.
- We could not play because of the absence of a ball.
- The town is quiet because of the absence of cars.
- I could not see because of the absence of light.
文法
辞書形
absence
IPA
GB/ˈæbsəns/
US/ˈæbsəns/
音節・強勢
ab - sence （2音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (ab)
活用形
Noun
- Base: absence
- Plural: absence, absences
関連語
Forms
absences
noun
Core family
absent
adjective A2
Related words
absently
adverb
absentee
noun B2
Advanced or less common
absenteeism
noun C1
表現
absence makes the heart grow fonder
1/ˈæbsəns mˈeɪks ðə hˈɑɹt ɡɹˈoʊ fˈɑndɚ/
idiom
being apart increases affection
When you are away from someone you love, you feel more love for them.
例文
- They say absence makes the heart grow fonder, and I believe it after my trip.
- Being away for months proved that absence makes the heart grow fonder.
in someone's absence
1/ˈɪn sˈʌmwˌʌnz ˈæbsəns/
fixed phrase
when someone is not present
When a person is not there, something happens or is done.
例文
- In her absence, I will lead the meeting.
- Decisions were made in his absence.
in the absence of
1/ˈɪn ðə ˈæbsəns əv/
fixed phrase
when something is missing or unavailable
When something is not there or not available, another thing happens or is done instead.
例文
- In the absence of proof, we cannot convict him.
- In the absence of fresh milk, use powdered milk.