citation
gb/saɪtˈeɪʃən/ us/saɪtˈeɪʃən/
B2
英語
~ 6300
語義
0件の語義
名詞
technical
B2
entity
1
reference to the source of information
A line or note in writing that shows where information or words came from, such as a book, article, or website.
用法パターン：
include a citation to [source]
よくある間違い：
Learners often confuse 'citation' with 'quote' or 'quotation'. A 'quote' is the exact words you repeat; a 'citation' is the information that shows where those words or ideas came from. Some also mix up the spelling with 'site' or 'sight'.
類義語
reference (More general; can mean any mention of a source, not just a formal, formatted note in academic writing.)
対義語
plagiarism (Describes using someone’s work without giving a citation or credit, the opposite of correctly referencing a source.)
コロケーション
in-text citation
|proper citation
|citation style
|bibliographic citation
|add a citation
|full citation
テーマ
education
|writing
|research
|communication
例文
- Every fact in your paper must have a proper citation.
- The journal rejected the article because several citations were missing.
- Please follow APA style for all in-text citations and your reference list.
- Her thesis includes detailed citations for all statistics and quotations.
- The editor asked him to check every citation in the bibliography.
学習者向け例文
- The teacher said we must add a citation for each quote.
- I used a website, but I forgot to write the citation.
- This book shows examples of APA citations.
- He checked that all the citations in his essay were correct.
名詞
B2
entity
2
official notice of a legal violation
A paper from the police or an authority that says you broke a law, usually a driving or parking rule, and may have to pay money or go to court.
用法パターン：
receive a citation for [offense]
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes think 'citation' only means an academic reference and are confused when they see it used for traffic or legal problems. In everyday American English, 'ticket' is more common in speech, while 'citation' often appears on the official paper.
類義語
ticket (Common in everyday speech for minor legal violations, especially parking or speeding; slightly less formal than 'citation'.)
対義語
warning (A notice that you did something wrong without formal punishment, the opposite of receiving an official citation.)
コロケーション
traffic citation
|parking citation
|issue a citation
|receive a citation
|pay a citation
|contest a citation
テーマ
law
|transport
|daily life
|transportation
例文
- The officer issued me a citation for speeding in a school zone.
- She received a parking citation for leaving her car in a no‑parking area.
- Drivers who ignore multiple citations may have their licenses suspended.
- He went to court to contest the citation he got last month.
- The company was given a safety citation after the workplace inspection.
学習者向け例文
- I got a citation for driving too fast.
- He must pay the parking citation this week.
- The police officer gave her a citation for using her phone while driving.
- You can go to court if you think the citation is not fair.
名詞
formal
C1
entity
3
formal written praise or commendation
A formal paper that says someone did something very good and is often given with a medal or special prize.
用法パターン：
receive a citation for [achievement]
よくある間違い：
Learners may not know this formal sense and may think 'citation' here means a traffic ticket. In award contexts, a 'citation' is positive praise, not a punishment.
類義語
commendation (Almost the same in formal contexts, especially in the military or government; focuses on official praise rather than the written document itself.)
対義語
reprimand (An official expression of disapproval or criticism, the opposite of formal praise in a citation.)
コロケーション
citation for bravery
|citation for excellence
|presidential citation
|military citation
|award a citation
|read the citation
テーマ
work
|military
|public_life
|core_vocabulary
例文
- The firefighter received a citation for bravery after rescuing three children from the burning house.
- Her citation for outstanding service was read aloud at the ceremony.
- Several soldiers were awarded citations for their actions during the mission.
- The university presented him with a special citation for his contributions to medical research.
- The medal came with a citation describing her long record of public service.
学習者向け例文
- He got a citation for bravery from the city.
- The mayor read the citation before giving her the medal.
- She keeps her citation for excellent work on the wall.
- The army gave several soldiers citations for their actions.
名詞
formal
B2
entity
4
a passage quoted from a source
A short part of writing or speech that someone repeats using the exact same words as in the original.
用法パターン：
a citation from [author or work]
よくある間違い：
Learners often do not realize that 'citation' can also mean a quoted passage and use only 'quote' or 'quotation'. In everyday speech, 'quote' is much more common; 'citation' for a passage is mainly in formal or literary writing.
類義語
quotation (The most common general word for repeated exact words; 'citation' in this sense is more formal or scholarly.)
対義語
paraphrase (A restatement of the idea in different words, the opposite of repeating the exact words in a citation.)
コロケーション
a citation from Shakespeare
|biblical citation
|classical citation
|apt citation
|supporting citation
テーマ
literature
|writing
|education
|communication
例文
- He opened his lecture with a brief citation from Martin Luther King Jr.
- The article begins with a biblical citation that sets the tone for the discussion.
- Her essay is rich with classical citations that illustrate her argument.
- The critic included several citations from the novel to support his view.
- An apt citation from Shakespeare closed the speech on a powerful note.
学習者向け例文
- The teacher gave a short citation from the book.
- She started her talk with a citation from a famous speech.
- The writer uses many citations from old poems.
- We read a citation from the Bible in class.
文法
辞書形
citation
IPA
GB/saɪtˈeɪʃən/
US/saɪtˈeɪʃən/
音節・強勢
cita - tion （2音節）
Stress on 2nd syllable (tion)
活用形
Noun
- Base: citation
- Plural: citation, citations
関連語
表現
citation needed
1/saɪtˈeɪʃən nˈidɪd/
fixed phrase
informal
requesting a source for a statement
Used to say that a fact or claim needs a source to show that it is true.
例文
- You say this treatment works for everyone, but citation needed.
- Whenever someone makes a wild claim in the forum, people reply with 'citation needed'.
- That statistic looks impressive, but citation needed before we can trust it.