grievous
gb/ɡɹˈivəs/ us/ɡɹˈivəs/
C1
英語
~ 26900
語義
0件の語義
adjective
formal
C1
property
1
causing very serious suffering or harm
Very serious and causing great pain, sadness, or damage.
用法パターン：
a grievous [injury/mistake/loss/harm]
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes use *grievous* to mean simply "sad" or "angry" (e.g., "I am grievous" meaning "I am sad"). In modern English, *grievous* almost always describes the cause of suffering or harm (a grievous injury, a grievous error, grievous harm), not a person’s temporary feeling. Learners may also overuse it in casual speech, where "serious" or "very bad" is more natural.
類義語
serious (More general and common; less formal and less intense than "grievous.")
|
severe (Stresses intensity or harshness, especially of pain or punishment; similar strength but more common.)
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tragic (Focuses on the sadness and disaster, often with death; "grievous" can be tragic but also covers non-fatal harm or mistakes.)
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devastating (Highlights emotional or large-scale destructive impact; often more emotional and informal than "grievous.")
対義語
minor (Describes damage or problems that are small and not very serious.)
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slight (Suggests very little harm or importance, the opposite of something grievous.)
コロケーション
grievous injury
|grievous bodily harm
|grievous error
|grievous loss
|grievous injustice
|grievous blow
テーマ
emotions
|law
|problems
|health
|core_vocabulary
例文
- The report concluded that the hospital had made a grievous error in diagnosing the patient.
- He suffered a grievous injury in the accident and spent months learning to walk again.
- The company’s collapse was a grievous blow to the small town’s economy.
- She felt a grievous sense of loss after the sudden death of her friend.
- The government apologized for the grievous harm caused by its past policies.
学習者向け例文
- The doctor made a grievous mistake during the operation.
- He has a grievous wound on his leg after the crash.
- Losing her child was a grievous loss for the family.
- The judge called it a grievous crime against innocent people.
- They spoke about the grievous harm done to the planet.
adjective
formal
C2
property
2
very hard or oppressive to bear
Very heavy or hard to live with, like a big problem or weight in life.
用法パターン：
a grievous [burden/injustice/strain]
よくある間違い：
Learners may not see a difference between this sense and the more concrete "serious injury or error" sense. Here, *grievous* often describes ongoing situations or conditions (a grievous burden, grievous hardship, grievous injustice), not just single events. In many cases, "very heavy" or "very serious" can replace it in simpler English.
類義語
onerous (Formal; emphasizes that a duty or burden is very heavy and difficult to carry out.)
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oppressive (Suggests something that weighs people down or treats them unfairly over time.)
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crushing (More vivid and informal; highlights how the burden almost destroys someone emotionally or financially.)
対義語
light (Describes a duty or burden that is easy and not heavy or difficult.)
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manageable (Suggests that a problem or responsibility can be handled without extreme difficulty.)
コロケーション
grievous burden
|grievous injustice
|grievous hardship
|grievous strain
|grievous cost
|grievous consequences
テーマ
problems
|society
|work
|core_vocabulary
例文
- For many low-income families, the cost of healthcare is a grievous burden.
- The workers spoke out against the grievous injustice of unpaid overtime.
- The new tax placed a grievous strain on small businesses.
- Decades of conflict have caused grievous hardship for the region’s civilians.
- The scandal inflicted grievous damage on the party’s reputation that will be hard to repair.
学習者向け例文
- His debt is a grievous burden on the whole family.
- The new law is a grievous hardship for poor people.
- Losing her job was a grievous blow to her plans.
- The long war has brought grievous suffering to many people.
- This change would be a grievous cost to our community.
adjective
archaic
C2
property
3
filled with deep grief or sorrow
Feeling very strong sadness; full of grief. (Old-fashioned or literary.)
用法パターン：
[someone] is grievous over [something]
よくある間違い：
Learners may try to use this sense in modern everyday speech (e.g., "I am grievous today"). In contemporary English, this use sounds very old-fashioned or biblical. For modern speech, use "sad," "very sad," or "full of grief" instead.
類義語
sorrowful (Literary; close in meaning, describing a person filled with deep sadness.)
|
grief-stricken (Modern and vivid; strongly emphasizes being hit by intense grief.)
対義語
joyful (Describes a person filled with great happiness, the emotional opposite of being grievous.)
コロケーション
grievous heart
|grievous tears
|grievous lamentation
|make someone grievous
テーマ
emotions
例文
- With a grievous heart, she watched the ship disappear into the mist.
- They were grievous for many days after the king’s death.
- In the old tale, the mother sat grievous by the window, waiting for her lost child.
- He spoke in a low, grievous voice that made the room fall silent.
学習者向け例文
- In the story, the man is grievous after his son dies.
- The poem shows a grievous mother crying for her child.
- Old books sometimes say a person is grievous when they are very sad.
- He gives a grievous cry in the old play.
文法
表現
grievous bodily harm
1/ɡɹˈivəs bˈɑdəli hˈɑɹm/
fixed phrase
technical
very serious physical injury (legal term)
Very serious injury to a person’s body, used especially as a legal term for a serious crime of violence.
例文
- He was charged with causing grievous bodily harm after the violent attack.
- The new law increases penalties for offenders who inflict grievous bodily harm.
- The victim survived but had clearly suffered grievous bodily harm.