Evidence / Source Signal
Evidentiality
Reportative
Inferential
Quotative
How does the speaker know?
advanced
advanced
Speaker stance
의미
A signal that marks whether information is seen, heard, inferred, assumed, reported, remembered, or generally known.
알아보는 방법
Ask whether the sentence shows the source of knowledge.
예시
단어
apparently|I heard|it seems|they say
구문
I heard that|apparently true|it looks like
문장
Apparently, the train is late.
Visual guide
Basic shape
claim: the train is late
^
evidence layer:
how does speaker know?
I heard / it seems / apparently
Apparently, the train is late.
Compare shape
Evidence choices: seen -> direct I heard -> heard they say -> reported it seems -> inferred apparently -> indirect
언어별 보기
모국어에서는
Korean (South Korean standard)
드러나는 정도
medium
중요도
Korean has useful inference and hearsay-like patterns, but it is not an obligatory evidential system.
비가 오나 봐요.
It seems that rain is coming.
학습 언어에서는
Japanese
드러나는 정도
medium
난이도
Japanese has useful hearsay and inference markers, though not a mandatory evidential system.
電車が遅れているそうです。
I hear that the train is late.
자주 하는 실수
Learners may confuse そうだ for hearsay with そうだ for appearance.
Good transfer potential
This block behaves relatively similarly, so you can transfer intuition more safely between the two languages.