Quoted / Reported Speech
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Reported speech
Who said or thought it?
advanced
advanced
Information structure
의미
A structure that reports speech, thought, belief, command, or question directly or indirectly.
알아보는 방법
Ask whose words or thoughts are being represented.
예시
단어
said|told|asked|thought|quoted
구문
he said that|she asked if|according to him
문장
She said that she was tired.
Visual guide
Basic shape
SPEAKER / THINKER
She said [that she was tired].
[reported thought]
Ask: whose words?
→ She represents them.
Compare shape
Direct quote: She said, "I am tired." Indirect report: She said [that she was tired]. Check shifts: I→she, am→was.
언어별 보기
모국어에서는
Korean (South Korean standard)
드러나는 정도
strong
중요도
Reported speech uses quotation endings such as -다고, -라고, -냐고, -자고 before a reporting verb.
그가 온다고 했어요.
He said that he is coming.
학습 언어에서는
Japanese
드러나는 정도
strong
난이도
Reported speech commonly uses the quotative particle と and speech verbs.
彼女は疲れたと言った。
She said that she was tired.
자주 하는 실수
Learners may omit と or mishandle tense and politeness inside quoted content.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.