Clitic / Attached Function Word
What small word attaches to another word?
Reikšmė
A small function element that behaves like a word in meaning but attaches phonologically or positionally to another word or phrase.
Kaip atpažinti
Look for tiny pronoun-like or grammar-like elements that move or attach in fixed positions.
Pavyzdžiai
me|te|lo|la|'s|n't
give it to me|I don't|I've
She gave it to me.
Visual guide
small meaning word
|
v
attaches to a host
host + clitic -> one sound group
I + 've -> I've
do + n't -> don't
Attachment types: proclitic: CL + host enclitic: host + CL 2nd place: first word + CL + rest Functions: pronoun / neg / possessive / question Ask: where does it stick?
Kalbos rodinys
Jūsų gimtojoje kalboje
English has contractions that attach function words phonologically, but clitics are less central than in many Romance or Slavic languages.
She's ready.
she's = contracted function word
Kalboje, kurios mokotės
Clitics are central in Spanish for objects, reflexives, pronominal verbs, and combinations like se lo.
Lo vi. Me levanté. Se lo di.
I saw him/it. I got up. I gave it to him/her.
Learners often confuse le/lo/la/se or place clitics incorrectly.
New in your learning language
This block is more central in your learning language. Give it extra focus in examples and practice.