Quoted / Reported Speech
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Reported speech
Who said or thought it?
advanced
advanced
Information structure
Merkitys
A structure that reports speech, thought, belief, command, or question directly or indirectly.
Näin tunnistat sen
Ask whose words or thoughts are being represented.
Esimerkit
Sanat
said|told|asked|thought|quoted
Ilmaukset
he said that|she asked if|according to him
Lause
She said that she was tired.
Visual guide
Basic shape
SPEAKER / THINKER
She said [that she was tired].
[reported thought]
Ask: whose words?
→ She represents them.
Compare shape
Direct quote: She said, "I am tired." Indirect report: She said [that she was tired]. Check shifts: I→she, am→was.
Kielinäkymä
Sinun kielessäsi
Japanese
Esiintyminen
strong
Tärkeys
Reported speech commonly uses the quotative particle と and speech verbs.
彼女は疲れたと言った。
She said that she was tired.
Opiskeltavassa kielessä
Korean (South Korean standard)
Esiintyminen
strong
Vaikeustaso
Reported speech uses quotation endings such as -다고, -라고, -냐고, -자고 before a reporting verb.
그가 온다고 했어요.
He said that he is coming.
Tyypillinen oppijan haaste
Learners often omit the correct quotation ending or use one form for statements, questions, and commands.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.