Turning Actions Into Nouns
Explore how nominalizations create a formal report style—and how to preserve who acted, what happened, and how certain a claim is.
Preview
Questions with solutions-
1. खाली जगह भरें।
The panel decided to postpone the inspection.
Report: The panel's ___ to postpone the inspection was documented in the minutes.- decisively
- decision
- decisive
The report needs a noun naming the action taken by the panel.
Show solution
The panel decided to postpone the inspection.
Report: The panel's decision to postpone the inspection was documented in the minutes.A nominalization turns an action into something a report can discuss: a decision can be documented, reviewed, or challenged.
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2. उत्तर टाइप करें।
What noun derived from "fail" names the unsuccessful action in this report?
The backup system failed to activate, leaving the site without power.
Report: The backup system's ___ to activate left the site without power.The noun describes something that did not happen successfully, rather than a deliberate refusal.
Show solution
- failure
"Failure to" means that an expected action did not happen. It does not necessarily suggest a deliberate choice.
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3. सही उत्तर चुनें।
Which noun phrase names the change described, rather than the resulting property or its evaluation?
Heat treatment strengthened the components.
- the strength of the components
- the assessment of the components' strength
- the strengthening of the components
Distinguish becoming stronger from being strong.
Show solution
- the strengthening of the components
"Strengthening" names a process, while "strength" names the quality that increases.
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4. खाली जगह भरें।
The report must retain the stated cause of the delay.
Because the contractor withdrew, the project was delayed.
Report: The project was delayed ___ the contractor's withdrawal.- despite
- as a result of
- in anticipation of
The withdrawal caused the delay; it was not merely expected or overcome.
Show solution
Because the contractor withdrew, the project was delayed.
Report: The project was delayed as a result of the contractor's withdrawal.Nominalization allows "because + clause" to become "as a result of + noun phrase" while preserving the causal link.
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5. सही उत्तर चुनें।
Which report sentence preserves who investigated whom?
The regulator investigated the supplier after customers complained.
- The supplier's investigation of the regulator followed customer complaints.
- The regulator's investigation of the customers followed supplier complaints.
- The regulator's investigation of the supplier followed customer complaints.
Keep the investigator separate from the party being investigated.
Show solution
- The regulator's investigation of the supplier followed customer complaints.
Here, the possessive identifies the investigator, while "of" introduces the party investigated. These relationships can become less obvious when verbs become nouns.
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6. सही उत्तर चुनें।
Which nominalized sentence accurately records the committee's stated action?
The committee proposed reducing the inspection interval.
- The committee's proposal to reduce the inspection interval was recorded.
- The committee's approval of a shorter inspection interval was recorded.
- The committee's reduction of the inspection interval was recorded.
Suggesting a change does not establish that it was authorized or carried out.
Show solution
- The committee's proposal to reduce the inspection interval was recorded.
"Proposal" preserves the status of the action: the change was suggested, but approval and implementation are not established.
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7. सही उत्तर चुनें।
Which report sentence preserves the original uncertainty about the figures?
The auditor did not confirm that the figures were accurate.
- Confirmation of the figures' inaccuracy was provided by the auditor.
- Confirmation of the figures' accuracy was not provided by the auditor.
- The auditor's denial of the figures' accuracy was recorded.
A lack of confirmation is not the same as evidence that a claim is false.
Show solution
- Confirmation of the figures' accuracy was not provided by the auditor.
The negative applies to confirmation, not to accuracy. The original leaves open whether the figures were accurate.
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8. सही उत्तर चुनें।
Which report version retains the warning without making the prediction more certain?
The research team warned that costs might increase.
- The research team issued a warning about an inevitable increase in costs.
- The research team provided confirmation of an increase in costs.
- The research team issued a warning about a possible increase in costs.
The noun phrase needs to retain the uncertainty expressed by "might".
Show solution
- The research team issued a warning about a possible increase in costs.
"Possible" carries the uncertainty of "might" into the noun phrase. Without such a modifier, a nominalization can make a prediction sound like an established event.
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9. सही उत्तर चुनें।
Which report sentence keeps all three aims and expresses them as parallel noun phrases?
The review aims to identify defects, assess risks, and recommend improvements.
- The review's objectives are the identification of defects, assessing risks, and to recommend improvements.
- The review's objectives are the identification of defects, the assessment of risks, and the recommendation of improvements.
- The review resulted in the identification of defects, the assessment of risks, and the recommendation of improvements.
Check both the grammatical shape of the list and whether it describes goals or completed results.
Show solution
- The review's objectives are the identification of defects, the assessment of risks, and the recommendation of improvements.
Parallel noun phrases make the list balanced. Keeping "objectives" also avoids presenting planned activities as completed achievements.
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10. सही उत्तर चुनें।
Which formal version keeps the concealment as an allegation rather than an established fact?
The consultant alleged that the contractor had concealed defects, prompting a review.
- The consultant's allegation that the contractor had concealed defects prompted a review.
- The contractor's concealment of defects, revealed by the consultant, prompted a review.
- The consultant's discovery of the contractor's concealment of defects prompted a review.
Distinguish reporting someone's claim from presenting its content as true.
Show solution
- The consultant's allegation that the contractor had concealed defects prompted a review.
Keeping "allegation" as the main noun preserves the claim's unverified status. "Discovery" and "revealed" instead present the concealment as factual.